Group Of Elements And Their Properties Flashcards
they are very good reducing agents, they easily lose electrons due to low I.P.
H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
GROUP 1A/GROUP 1
AKALI METALS
occur in nature in its free state
not chemically active or least reactive because they do not loose electron easily due to high I.P.
Cu, Ag, Au
GROUP 1B/GROUP 11
COINAGE METAL
strong reducing agent but not as strong as the elements under group 1.
2 valence electrons forming +2 ions.
Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
(only Ca, Sr, Ba react with cold water)
GROUP 2A/GROUP 2
AKALINE EARTH METALS
in compounds, these elements exists as divalent ions but Hg in addition has a unique property having a monovalent ion as Hg2 +2.
O.S.: +2
Zn, Cd, Hg
(Zn and Cd are solid)
(Hg is liquid)
GROUP 2B/GROUP 12
VOLATILE METALS
readily oxidized when heated in air.
poor or weak metals except B because B is the only nonmetal in the group.
O.S.: +3
B, Al, Ga, In, Tl
GROUP 3A/GROUP 13
ICOSAGENS/BORON FAMILY
used as reducing agents in the preparation of many metals.
C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb
*Ge, Sn, Pb are rather active metals
(C is nonmetal)
(Si and Ge are metalloids)
(Sn and Pb are metals)
GROUP 4A/GROUP 14
CRYSTALLOGENS/CARBON FAMILY
all reactive metals with high melting points used as anti-corrosive applications as tools and alloy components.
O.S.: +4 occur as oxide ores
Ti, Zr, Hf
GROUP 4B/GROUP 4
TITANIUM SUBGROUP
known as “choking group” due to its large magnitude of electron affinity.
combined with hydrogen to form hydrides forming:
NH3, PH3, ArH3, SbH3, BiH3 (all are inflammable and poisonous except ammonia)
ammonia, phosphine, arsine, stibine, bismuthine
N, P, Ar, Sb, Bi
GROUP 5A/GROUP 5
PNICTOGENS/NITROGEN FAMILY
belongs to transition metals.
wide oxidation state from (I-) to (+5)
non-stoichiometric hydrides
they form colored compounds
the covalent and ionic radii of Nb and Ta are almost identical because of Lanthanide contraction.
V, Nb, Ta
GROUP 5B/GROUP 5
VANADIUM SUBGROUP
derived from the greek word, “chalcos”, meaning ‘ore formers’.
each elements have 6 valence electrons
only O is gas out of all elements others are solid.
O, S, Se, Te, Po
(O, S, Se are nonmetals)
(Te and Po are metals)
GROUP 6A/GROUP 6
CHALCOGENS/OXYGEN FAMILY
all transition metals and are refractory metals
high melting points
great hardness
excellent resistance to corrosion
Cr, Mo, W, U, Sg
GROUP 6B/GROUP 6
CHROMIUM SUBGROUP
gases, solids, liquids at room temperature.
so reactive that none is found in nature as the free element; instead, all but iodine are found as halide salts with the X− ion
7 valence electrons
Fl, Cl, Br, I, At
(Fl and Cl are gases)
(Br is liquid)
(I and At are solids)
GROUP 7A/GROUP 17
HALOGEN FAMILY
typical silvery-white transition metals and hard
have high melting and boiling points
Mn, Tc, Re
GROUP 7B/GROUP 7
MANGANESE SUBGROUP
elements are stable when they have a full set of valence electrons, or the outermost electrons that are farthest away from the nucleus.
they have no charge except He which has two electrons.
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
GROUP 8A/GROUP 18
INERT/NOBLE GASES
share similar chemical and physical characteristics.
Fe, Co, Ni
GROUP 8B/GROUP 8/9
IRON TRIAD
