GROUP DYNAMICS AND LEADERSHIP

Question 1

Name the 4 stages of group dynamics

Answer 1

Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing

Question 2

Who wrote this model of the stages of group development?

Answer 2

TUCKERMAN’s model

Question 3

Describe the first 2 stages

Answer 3

Forming - Roles and responsibilities are unclear - members are getting to know each other - players decide whether they fit in or not - strengths and weaknesses of other members - relationship are tested

storming - conflict between teammates - individuals or cliques start to question the position and authority of leader - roles begin to be filled - some teams never leave this stage

Question 4

Describe the last 2 stages

Answer 4

Norming.- coordination and solidarity replaces conflict - start to work together - group cohesion - group satisfaction increases - respect for coach and teammates

Performing - team progressing and functioning effectively as a unit - highly motivated - more knowledgeable due to experiences

Question 5

Define group cohesion

Answer 5

Group pursues a common goal

Question 6

Define task cohesion

Define social cohesion

Answer 6

Task - when team members work together to successfully finish complete a task

Social - personal relationships within a group enjoying social interaction

Question 7

Which theorist came up with group effectiveness?

Name the 3 characteristics of group effectiveness

Answer 7

Steiner

• a collective identity
• a sense of shared purpose
• a clear structure of communication

Question 8

Name steiners equation

Explain each part of the equation

Answer 8

Actual productivity =potential productivity - losses due to faulty processes

Actual productivity - how a team performs and outcome of performance

Potential productivity - perfect performance based on individual skill

Faulty processes - motivation fault, coordination fault

Question 9

How can a coach encourage cohesion?

Factors which affect cohesion and give the theorist

Answer 9

1. Praise and reward
2. Offer feedback
3. Set rules and behaviour
4. Create team identity
5. Strive for commitment
6. Open communication

Carson’s

1 environmental - in terms of location of the team, interact and form relationships
2 personal - members backgrounds
3 leadership - leadership style
4 team - length of time together, experiences shared, creation of ownership and decision-making

Question 10

As group size increases, individual productivity decreases, this is linked to motivation fault and is associated with athletes ‘hiding’ in large groups an don’t being accountable for their own performance.

What is this referring to?

Answer 10

Ringelmann effect

Question 11

Define social loafing

Answer 11

This refers to a group member not giving 100% effort is a team or group situation: this is generally due to a loss in motivation

Question 12

How can you avoid social loafing?

Answer 12

Value individual contribution
Give reward or feedback when needed
Positive reinforcement
Give individuals responsibility or roles
Improve team spirit/ cohesion throughout social activities
Notational analysis
Emphasise group goals

Question 13

Leaders can either be ————- or —————-

Answer 13

Prescribed leaders

Emerging leaders

Question 14

Define the 2 types of leader

Answer 14

Prescribed - those who are appointed by some form of higher authority . E.g. coach

Emerging - those who achieve leadership status by gaining the respect and support of the group. They usually get it showing specific leadership qualities or skills however, sometimes it’s the most popular person and not always the correct person

Question 15

Name some characteristics of a good leader

Answer 15

Risk taker 
Communicator 
Decision maker 
Patient 
Team player 
Visionary 
Goals

Question 16

Styles of leadership

Name 3

Answer 16

Autocratic

Democratic

Laisser- faire