Group behaviour Flashcards
Group development and roles
I
Group development
-Tuckman 1965
-5 stage group forming
-forming storming norming performing adjourning
Theory of team roles
-Belbin 1981
-ideal team is of people who are prepared to take on different roles
Action-oriented roles
Shaper challenges the team to improve
Implementer puts ideas into actions
Completer-finisher ensures thorough, timely completion
People-oriented roles
Coordinator acts as a chairperson
Team worker encourages cooperation
Resource investigator explores outside opportunities
Thought-oriented roles
Plant present new ideas and approaches
Monitor-evaluator analyses the options
Specialist provides specialised skills
Measuring team roles
Belbin team inventory
Decision-making
II
The decision-making process
Wedley and field
Pre-planning is a very important part in problem solving
Decision support system DSS
Groupthink
-Janis
-It’s a psychological phenomenon, in a group of people, in which the desire for conformity results in irrational decision-making outcome
-may have advantages: quick decision making
-caused mostly where members are alike or when the leader is highly charismatic or high levels of stress
The 8 symptoms of groupthink
Illusions of invulnerability
Unquestioned beliefs
Rationalising
Stereotyping
Self-censorship
Mind guards
Illusions of unanimity
Direct pressure to conform
Strategies to reduce groupthink
-opportunity for members to express own ideas
-breaking members into small independent teams
-devil’s advocate
Cognitive limitations and errors
-Forsyth
-functioning under constant cognitive demands
-leads to cognitive and motivational biases
3 biases can affect group decision making
Sins of commission (belief perseverance, sunk cost bias, extra-evidentiary bias, hindsight bias)
Sins of omission (the fundamental attribution error)
Sins of imprecision (heuristics: availability heuristics, conjunctive bias, representativeness heuristics
Group conflict
III
