group 8

Question 1

Those in positions of leadership exhibit a pattern of behavior that is unique and different from other patterns. This total pattern of behavior is called __________.

Answer 1

leadership style

Question 2

Approaches used in classifying leadership styles:

Answer 2

• According to the ways leaders approach people to motivate them.
• According to the way the leader uses power.
• According to the leader’s orientation towards task and people.

Question 3

Two ways a leader may approach people to motivate them

Answer 3

1. positive leadership
2. negative leadership

Question 4

It is characterized by the use of punishment, such as, suspension, or dismissal, to address issues.

Answer 4

Negative leadership

Question 5

Leadership styles according to how power is used.

Answer 5

1. Autocratic
2. Participative
3. Free-rein

Question 6

Leaders may be classified according to how they view tasks and people.

Answer 6

1. Employee orientation
2. Task orientation

Question 7

Leaders who make decisions themselves, without consulting subordinates are called ________________.

Answer 7

Autocratic Leader

Question 8

Motivation takes the form of ________, _________, and _________ of all kinds.

Answer 8

threats, punishment, and intimidation

Question 9

The autocratic style is effective in?

Answer 9

emergencies and when absolute followership is needed.

Question 10

Disadvantages of Autocrative Leadership

Answer 10

The disadvantages of autocratic leadership is that the leader “receives little, if any, information and ideas from his people as inputs-into his decision-making”.

Question 11

When a leader openly invite his subordinates to participate or share in decisions, policy-making and operation methods, he is said to be a?

Answer 11

Parcitipative Leaders

Question 12

Advantage of Participative leadership

Answer 12

The advantage of participative leadership is that it generates a lot of good ideas. Another advantage is the increased support for decisions and the reduction of the chance that they will be unexpected.

Question 13

Disadvantages of Participative Leadership

Answer 13

The disadvantage of participative leadership is that it is time-consumingand frustrating to people who prefer to see a quick decision reached.

Question 14

Leaders who set objectives and allow employees or subordinates relative freedom to do whatever it takes to accomplish these objectives

Answer 14

Free-Rein leaders

Question 15

Weakness of Free-Rein Leadership

Answer 15

the weakness of free-rein leadership is that there is very little managerial control and a high degree of risk. if the leader does not know the competence and integrity of his people as well as their ability to handle this kind of freedom well, the result could be disastrous

Question 16

when a leader considers employees as human beings of “intrinsic importance and with individual and personal need” to satisfy.

Answer 16

employee oriented

Question 17

when a leader places stress on production and the technical aspects of the job and the employees are viewed as the means of getting the work done.

Answer 17

task orientation

Question 18

An approach to determine through research which managerial practices, and techniques are appropriate in specific situations.

Answer 18

Contingency approach

Question 19

Contingency approaches

Answer 19

• fiedler’s contingency model
• hersey and blanchard’s situational leadership model
• path-goal model of leadership
• Vroom’s decision making model

Question 20

According to __________, leadership is effective when the leader’s style is appropriate to the situation”

Answer 20

Fred Fiedler

Question 21

The situationak characteristics in fiedler’s contingency is determined by three principle factors:

Answer 21

1. the relation between leaders and followers
2. the structure of the task
3. the power inherent in the leader’s position

Question 22

The situational characteristics in fiedler’s contingency is determined by three principle factors:

Answer 22

1. the relation between leaders and followers
2. the structure of the task
3. the power inherent in the leader’s position

Question 23

according to the situational leadership model developed by hersey and blancard, the most important factor affecting the selection of a leader’s style?

Answer 23

development or maturity level of subordinate

Question 24

2 components of maturity

Answer 24

• Job skills and knowledge
• Psychological maturity

Question 25

leadership styles appropriate for the various maturity level of subordinate

Answer 25

Style 1: Directing Style 2: Coaching Style 3: Supporting Style 4: Delegating

Question 26

for people who have competence but lack of confidence or motivation

Answer 26

supporting

Question 27

people who have some competence but lack commitment.

Answer 27

coaching

Question 28

for people who lack competence but are enthusiastic and committed.

Answer 28

directing

Question 29

for people who have both competence and commitment

Answer 29

delegating

Question 30

leadership can be made effective because leaders can influence subordinate's perceptions of their work goals, personal goals, and paths to goal attainment.

Answer 30

path-goal model of leadership

Question 31

The path-goal model ofleadership espoused by ___________ and __________.

Answer 31

Robert J. House and Terence R. Mitchell

Question 32

By using the path-goal model, it is assumed that effective leaders can enhance subordinate motivation by?

Answer 32

- clarifying the subordinate's perception of work goals - linking meaningful rewards with goal attainment - explaining how goals and desired rewards can be achieved.

Question 33

the path goal process

Answer 33

Leader Identifies employee needs ---> appropriate goals are established ---> Leader connects rewards with goals ---> Leader provides assistance on employee path toward goals ---> employee becomes satisfied and motivated and they accept the leader ---> Effective performance occurs ---> both employees and organization better reach their goals

Question 34

leadership styles which may be used by path-goal proponents

Answer 34

Directive leadership Supportive leadership Participative leadership Achievement-oriented leadership

Question 35

Where subordinates are treated as equals in a friendly manner while striving to improve their well-being

Answer 35

Supportive leadership

Question 36

where the leader set challenging goals, emphasize excellence, and seek continuous improvement while maintaining a high degree of confidence that subordinates will meet difficult challenges in a responsible manner.

Answer 36

Achievement-oriented leadership

Question 37

Where the leader focuses on clear task assignments, standards of successful performance, and work schedules.

Answer 37

Directive leadership

Question 38

Where the leader consults with subordinates to seek their suggestions and then seriously considers those suggestions when making decisions.

Answer 38

Participative leadership

Question 39

prescribes the proper leadership style for various situations, focusing on the appropriate degrees of delegation of decision making authority

Answer 39

Vroom's Decision-Making Model