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Chemistry: Periodicity > Group 7 > Flashcards

Group 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of molecule are halogens?

A

diatomic molecules

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2
Q

What is the appearance of fluorine at room temperature?

A

pale yellow gas

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3
Q

What is the appearance of chlorine at room temperature?

A

greenish gas

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4
Q

What is the appearance of bromine at room temperature?

A

red-brown liquid

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5
Q

What is the appearance of iodine at room temperature?

A

black solid

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6
Q

How does atomic radius change down the halogens?

A

atoms bigger
each element has extra filled main level to previous

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7
Q

What is the trend in electronegativity down the halogens?

A

decreases

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8
Q

Why does electronegativity decrease down the group?

A

shared electrons become further from halogen nucleus
increased shielding from inner shells

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9
Q

How does melting and boiling points change down Group 7?

A

Increase

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10
Q

Why does the melting and boiling point increase down Group 7?

A

atoms are larger
more electrons
stronger van der Waals forces

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11
Q

How does oxidising ability change down Group 7?

A

decreases from F>Cl>Br>I

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12
Q

Are halogens reduced or oxidised?

A

reduced

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13
Q

What happens in a halide halogen displacement reaction?

A

Halide in compound displaced by more reactive halogen

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14
Q

How does fluorine react with a fluoride ion?

A

no reaction

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15
Q

How does fluorine react with a chloride ion?

A

oxidises

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16
Q

How does fluorine react with a bromide ion?

A

oxidises

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17
Q

How does fluorine react with an iodide ion?

A

oxidises

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18
Q

How does chlorine react with a fluoride ion?

A

isn’t oxidised

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19
Q

How does chlorine react with a chloride ion?

A

no reaction

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20
Q

How does chlorine react with a bromide ion?

A

oxidises

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21
Q

How does chlorine react with an iodide ion?

22
Q

How does bromine react with a fluoride ion?

A

isn’t oxidised

23
Q

How does bromine react with a chloride ion?

A

isn’t oxidised

24
Q

How does bromine react with an iodide ion?

25
Q

How does iodine react with a fluoride ion?

A

Isn’t oxidised

26
Q

How does iodine react with a chloride ion?

A

Isn’t oxidised

27
Q

How does iodine react with a bromide ion?

A

isn’t oxidised

28
Q

How does iodine react with an iodide ion?

A

no reaction

29
Q

How does bromine react with a bromide ion?

A

no reaction

30
Q

What do halide ions act as?

A

Reducing agents

31
Q

How does reducing power change down Group 7?

A

increases from F>Cl>Br>I

32
Q

How does sodium chloride react with sulfuric acid?

A

NaCl (s) + H2SO4 (l) > NaHSO4 (s) + HCl (g)

33
Q

What are the products for the reaction between sodium chloride and sulfuric acid?

A

steamy fumes of hydrogen chloride and solid sodium hydrogensulfate

34
Q

How does sodium bromide react with sulfuric acid?

A

1: NaBr (s) + H2SO4 (l) > NaHSO4 (s) + HBr (g)
2: 2H+ + 2Br- + H2SO4 (l) > SO2 (g) + 2H2O (l) + Br2 (l)

35
Q

What are the products of the reaction between sodium bromide and sulfuric acid?

A

solid sodium hydrogensulfate, steamy fumes of hydrogen bromide and colourless sulfur dioxide

36
Q

How does sodium iodide react with concentrated sulfuric acid?

A

1: Na(s) + H2SO4(l) > NaHSO4(s) + HI (g)

2: 8H+ + 8I- + H2SO4(l) > H2S(g) + 4H2O(l) + 4I2(s)

3: H2SO4(l) + 2I- + 2H+ > SO2(g) + I2(s) + 2H2O(l)

4: H2SO4(l) + 6I- + 6H+ > S(s) + 3I2(s) + 4H2O(l)

37
Q

What are the products in the reaction between sodium iodide and concentrated sulfuric acid?

A

solid hydrogensulfate, hydrogen iodide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur, iodine, sulfur dioxide

38
Q

How are metal halides identifies through the use of silver ions?

A
  1. Dilute nitric acid to halide solute to remove carbonate and hydroxide impurities
  2. Few drops of silver nitrate
  3. Precipitate will form
39
Q

What precipitate does chlorine form?

40
Q

What precipitate does fluorine form?

A

No precipitate

41
Q

What precipitate does bromine form?

42
Q

What precipitate does iodine form?

A

Pale yellow

43
Q

How can we test further with a chlorine precipitate?

A

dissolved in dilute ammonia

44
Q

How can we test further for a bromine precipitate?

A

dissolves in concentrated ammonia

45
Q

How can we test further with iodine precipitate?

46
Q

How does chlorine react with water?

A

Cl2(g) + H2O(l) <> HClO(aq) + HCl(aq)

47
Q

What is produced in the reaction between water and chlorine?

A

chloric (I) acid and hydrochloric acid

48
Q

What is chlorine used for?

A

Prevent life threatening diseases
Treats water by killing bacteria/microorganisms

49
Q

What does chloric acid do?

A

Acts as oxidising agent which kills bacteria

50
Q

What alternative reaction shows how water exposed to sunlight is chlorinated?

A

NaClO(s) + H2O(l) <> Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) + HClO(aq)

Chemistry: Periodicity (5 decks)

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