Group 2, The Alkaline Earth Metals 3.2.2

Question 1

In group 2, the elements are Be Mg Ca Sr and Ba
Which ones are metals in their solid stage and what type of bonding is present

Answer 1

Mg -> Ba
Metallic bonding

Question 2

Describe the trend in atom radius going down group 2

Answer 2

Atomic radius increases as there are more shells of electrons making the atom bigger

Question 3

Describe the trend in first ionisation energy going down Group 2

Answer 3

Decreases as electrons further from nucleus and outer electrons are more shielded from the nucleus, weaker attraction between nucleus and outer electron so less energy required to remove an electron

Question 4

Describe the trend in melting point going down Group 2, what is the anomaly

Answer 4

Decreases
Delocalised electrons are further from the nucleus, more sheilding, less attraction between metal ions and delocalosed electrons
Anomaly is magnesium

Question 5

Explain the reactivity going down Group 2

Answer 5

Increases as there is more shelding so weaker force of attraction between the nucleus and outer electrons so easier to lose electrons to form X²+ ions

Question 6

What does the reaction of Group 2 Alkaline metals reacting with water depend on

Answer 6

It depends on how easily electrons are lost

Question 7

What is the general equation for Group 2 Alkaline metals reacting with cold water

Answer 7

X + 2H2O -> X(OH)2 + H2

Question 8

What is the general equation for Group 2 Alkaline metals reacting with steam

Answer 8

X + H2O -> XO + H2

Question 9

Describe how Magnesium, calcium strontium and barium react with cold water

Answer 9

Magnesium Reacts very slowly with cold water
Calcium Reacts steadily with cold water
Strontium and Barium react vigorously with cold water

Question 10

How does magnesium react with cold water compared to steam

Answer 10

Magnesium Reacts very slowly with cold water but quickly with steam

Question 11

When reacting Group 2 metals with water, hydroxide are produced which make the water…. and the pH is…

Answer 11

Alkaline
pH of 10

Question 12

What are the observation changes when you react Group 2 metals with water, going down

Answer 12

-Fizzing (more vigorous down group)
-Metal dissolving (faster down group)
-Solution heating up (more down group - exothermic reaction)
-With magnesium and calcium, a white precipitate appears (less precipitate forms down group with other metals)

Question 13

When group 2 Alkaline metals reacting with water, where does oxidation and reduction occur

Answer 13

Metal is oxidised and loses two electrons
Each Hydrogen in water is reduced and gains an electron each