Group 2 elements Flashcards

1
Q

atomic radius _ down group 2

because:

A

increases

energy level added and hence weaker force of attraction felt

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2
Q

metallic radius is measure of

A

size

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3
Q

melting point _ down group 2

and why

A
decreases 
delocalised electrons (in their own energy level) are further away from nucleus and strength of metallic bond decreases
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4
Q

density _ down group 2

why?

A

increases Generally

as atomic radius increases so do mass and volume but mass at greater rate which is proportional to density

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5
Q

how do group 2 elements react

A

lose 2 electrons from S-orbital

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6
Q

group 2 reactivity _ down the group

why?

A

increases
there is greater shielding effect and distance because of increased energy levels hence easier to remove outer shell electron

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7
Q

ionisation energy _ down the group

A

decreases

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8
Q

group 2 metals burn in oxygen to form _ which is _ in nature

A

white solid oxide

basic (dissolve to form hydroxide)

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9
Q

reactivity of metals with water down the group _ and forms _

A

increases

metal hydroxide

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10
Q

metals react with steam to form

A

metal oxide and H2 gas

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11
Q

use of calcium oxide

A

used to neutralise acid in soil

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12
Q

why beryllium is not an alkali earth metal

A

amphoteric rather than alkaline behvaior of compounds

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13
Q

reactivity with oxygen _ down group

A

increases

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14
Q

barium stored in oil because

A

rapidly vigourously reacts with O2 in air

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15
Q

flame test of Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg compounds

A
Burn in O2:
Ca- brick red color
Sr- red
Ba- light green 
Mg- white
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16
Q

How metals burn at atomic level

A

metal loses 2e- and donates to O

17
Q

alkalinity _ down group because ..

A

increases

cos solubility increases down group: more soluble=more dissociation/able to donate more OH-

18
Q

alkalinity _ down group because …

A

increases
cos solubility of hydroxides increases down group: more soluble=more dissociation/able to donate more OH-

white ppt (as not transition) or sol

19
Q

solubility of hydroxides and sulfates(why for this) _ down

A

hydroxide- inc
sulfates- dec bcos lattice energy and enthalpy change of hydration decrease hence applying hess law the value of enthalpy chnage of solution becomes more endothermic

20
Q

carbonates of grp 2 are _ in water

A

insol

21
Q

carbnotes react with dil acid to give

A

salt+h2o+co2

22
Q

which grp 2 sulfates (formed from reacting with dil h2so4) are sol and insol

A

mgso4-sol

rest-insol

23
Q

grp 2 nitrate salts are _ in water

A

all soluble

24
Q

thermal decomposition of grp 2 carbonates

A

give off metal oxide + co2

25
Q

thermal decomposition of grp 2 nitrates

A

metal oxide + no2 + o2

26
Q

temperature of thermal decomposition _ down grp

A

increases

27
Q

stability of nitrates _ down group hence _ temp required

A

increases

higher

28
Q

uses of CaCO3, Ca(OH)2

A

CaCO3- rocks for building, marble for tiles, cement making

Ca(OH)2- neutralize soil aka slaked lime

29
Q

cement making:

A

high temp of kiln CaCO3 decomposes to CaO+CO2 and the quick lime is roasted with clay to make cement
-cement can be mixed with sand to increase strength

30
Q

why does solubility of sulfates decrease down group

A

1) larger the cation, weaker lattice so lattice energy decreases as becomes less endo
2) weaker cations bond with water less exo so E change of hydration decreases

hence E of sol becomes more endothermic hence more difficult to dissolve
so 1 has mor value than 2 relatively because 1 decreases less compared to 2

31
Q

process of hydroxides dissolving

A

ionic lattice breaks as ions dislodge as water attracts ions. this process is endo to break ionic bonds
then new bonds between ions and polar water are formed