Group 2

Question 1

What happens to reactivity down the group?

Answer 1

Increases

Question 2

Why does reactivity down group 2 increase?

Answer 2

Less attraction between the nucleus and the electrons they are losing as the atomic radius and shielding increases.

Question 3

What happens to the sum of the first and second ionisation energies as you go down the group?

Answer 3

Gets less (links to reactivity)

Question 4

Using X to represent a group 2 metal write an equation for a reaction with oxygen

Answer 4

2X + O2 –> 2XO

Question 5

Using X to represent a group 2 metal write an equation for a reaction with water

Answer 5

X + 2H2O –> X(OH)2 + H2

Question 6

Using X to represent a group 2 metal write an equation for a reaction with sulfuric acid

Answer 6

X + H2SO4 –> XSO4 + H2

Question 7

Using X to represent a group 2 metal write an equation for a reaction with nitric acid

Answer 7

X + 2HNO3 –> X(NO3)2 + H2

Question 8

Using X to represent a group 2 metal write an equation for a reaction of X oxide with sulfuric acid

Answer 8

XO + H2SO4 –> XSO4 + H2O

Question 9

Using X to represent a group 2 metal write an equation for a reaction of X hydroxide with nitric acid

Answer 9

X(OH)2 + 2HNO3 –> X(NO3)2 + 2H2O

Question 10

Using X to represent a group 2 metal write an equation for a reaction of X hydroxide with hydrochloric acid

Answer 10

X(OH)2 + 2HCl –> XCl2 + 2H2O

Question 11

How are Calcium/Magnesium hydroxide used in the home/on a farm?

Answer 11

Treat stomach indigestion (neutralise stomach acid)

Neutralise acidic soil

Question 12

What is the bonding/structure of group 2?

Answer 12

Metallic bonding - Strong electrostatic force of attraction between positive ions and the sea of delocalised electrons.
Giant metallic lattice

Question 13

What ions do group 2 form?

Answer 13

2+

Question 14

What is the redox character of group 2?

Answer 14

Reducing agents

Reacts by losing electrons

Question 15

Are group 2 acids or bases?

Answer 15

Oxides and hydroxides are basic

Question 16

What things increase down the group?

Answer 16

Atomic radius
Reactivity
Speed of reaction with water
Solubility of hydroxides

Question 17

What decreases down the group?

Answer 17

Melting/boiling points
1st ionisation energy
Solubility of sulfate

Question 18

Write equation for the production of quicklime

Answer 18

CaCO3 –> CaO + CO2

Question 19

Write equation for neutralisation using quicklime

Answer 19

CaO + 2H+ –> Ca + H2O

Question 20

Write an equation for the formation of slaked lime

Answer 20

CaO + H2O –> Ca(OH)2

Question 21

Write an equation for magnesium and water

Answer 21

Mg + H2O –> MgO + H2

Question 22

Compare the conductivity of solid Group 2 oxides and Group 2 elements

Answer 22

Solid XO’s don’t conduct as their ions are fixed in a lattice so aren’t mobile while group 2 elements have delocalised electrons which are mobile so they can conduct.

Question 23

Compare the conductivity of solid and molten Group 2 oxides

Answer 23

Solid XO’s don’t conduct as their ions are fixed in a lattice so aren’t mobile while when molten ions aren’t fixed in a lattice so are mobile and are able to conduct the electricity.

Question 24

Compare the boiling points of Group 2 oxides and water

Answer 24

Group 2 oxides have a much higher melting point as they have strong efoa between oppositely charged ions while water just has intermolecular forces which require a lot less energy to break.