group 2 Flashcards
What happens in redox reactions of group 2 metals? (2)
Group 2 metals lose two outer electrons
Forming 2+ cations.
How does reactivity change down group 2? (1)
Reactivity increases down the group.
Why does reactivity increase down group 2? (2)
More electron shells and increased shielding decrease nuclear attraction.
Less energy is needed to remove an electron from the outer shell, making it easier to lose two electrons.
What is the general equation for the reaction of a group 2 metal with oxygen? (1)
Metal + oxygen → metal oxide
What is the appearance of group 2 metal oxides? (1)
White solid
What is the general equation for the reaction of a group 2 metal with water? (1)
Metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen
What happens when a group 2 metal reacts with water? (2)
OH⁻ ions are released, making the solution alkaline.
Hydrogen gas is produced, causing fizzing.
How does steam affect the reaction of group 2 metals with water? (2)
The reaction is faster
Because steam has more energy than liquid water.
What is the general equation for the reaction of a group 2 metal with dilute acid? (1)
Metal + acid → salt + hydrogen
What happens when a group 2 metal reacts with dilute acid? (1)
Hydrogen gas is produced, causing fizzing.
How does the solubility of group 2 hydroxides change down the group? (1)
Solubility increases
Making the solution more alkaline.
Why does alkalinity increase down group 2? (1)
More soluble hydroxides release more OH⁻ ions.
What is the ionic equation for neutralisation using a group 2 hydroxide? (1)
H⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq) → H₂O (l)
What is an example of a group 2 compound used in agriculture? (1)
Ca(OH)₂ is used to neutralise acidic soil.
What are examples of group 2 compounds used in medicine? (1)
CaCO₃ and Mg(OH)₂
Used as antacids to neutralise stomach acid.
