Group 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a common name given to group 2 metals?

A

Alkaline earth metals

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2
Q

What is the most reactive metal of group 2?

A

Barium

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3
Q

List 3 physical properties of group 2 metals

A
  • high melting and boiling points
  • low density metals
  • form colourless (white) compounds
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4
Q

The highest energy electrons of group 2 metals are in which subshell?

A

S subshell

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5
Q

Does reactivity increase or decrease down group 2? Why?

A
  • increases
  • electrons are lost more easily because larger atomic radius and more shielding
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6
Q

What happens to the first ionisation energy as you go down group 2? Why?

A

Decreases because:
- no. Filled electron shells increases down the group —> increased shielding
- increased atomic radius —> weaker force between outer electron and nucleus —> less energy needed to remove electron

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7
Q

What type of reaction is the reaction between group 2 elements and oxygen?

A

Redox reaction

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8
Q

Write an equation for the reaction of calcium and oxygen

A

2Ca (s) + O2 (g) —> 2CaO (s)

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9
Q

What are the products when group 2 elements react with water?

A

Hydroxide and hydrogen gas

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10
Q

Which group 2 element doesn’t react with water?

A

Beryllium

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11
Q

Which group 2 element reacts very slowly with water?

A

Magnesium

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12
Q

What type of reaction is between group 2 metal and water?

A

Redox reaction

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13
Q

Write an equation for the reaction of barium and water

A

Ba (s) + H2O (l) —> Ba(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g)

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14
Q

What is oxidised and what is reduced in a reaction between group 2 metal and water?

A

Metal —> oxidised
One hydrogen atom from each water—> reduced

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15
Q

What are the products when a group 2 element react with a dilute acid?

A

Salt and hydrogen gas

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16
Q

Write an equation for the reaction of calcium and hydrochloric acid

A

Ca (s) + 2HCl (aq) —> CaCl2 (s) + H2 (g)

17
Q

What is formed when group 2 oxides react with water?

A

Metal hydroxide

18
Q

Write an equation for the reaction between a group 2 oxide and water

A

MO (s) + H2O (l) —> M(OH)2 (aq)

19
Q

What group 2 metal oxide is insoluble in water?

A

Beryllium oxide

20
Q

What is the trend in hydroxide solubility down group 2?

A

Increases down the group
Mg(OH)2 is slightly soluble
Ba(OH)2 creates a strong alkaline solution

21
Q

What is Ca(OH)2 used for? Write an equation related to one of its uses.

A

Used to neutralise soil.
Ca(OH)2 (aq) + 2HCl (aq) —> 2H2O (l) + CaCl2 (aq)

22
Q

What is Mg(OH)2 used for?

A

Milk of magnesia - antacid to treat indigestion, heartburn, etc.

23
Q

What is calcium carbonate used for?

A

Present in limestone and marble
Used in building construction

24
Q

What is the drawback of using calcium carbonate in construction? Write a related equation.

A

Group 2 carbonate react with acid
CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) —> CaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)