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Chemistry 3.1.2: Group 2 > Group 2 > Flashcards

Group 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are group 2 elements sometimes called?

A

Alkaline-earth metals

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2
Q

Why are group 2 elements sometimes called alkaline-earth metals?

A

Due to the alkaline properties of the metal hydroxides that they form

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3
Q

Are group 2 elements reactive metals?

A

Yes

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4
Q

Do group 2 elements occur in their elemental form naturally?

A

No

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5
Q

How are group 2 hydroxides formed?

A

Through the reaction of a metal oxide and water

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6
Q

Give an equation of the reaction between strontium and water with state symbols

A

SrO (s) + H2O (l) → Sr(OH)2 (aq)

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7
Q

What are the group 2 hydroxides only slightly soluble in?

A

Water

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8
Q

What is released when the group 2 hydroxides dissolve and dissociate?

A

Metal cation
Hydroxide OH- ions

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9
Q

Write an equation for the dissociation of calcium hydroxide with state symbols

A

Ca(OH)2 (s) + aq → Ca2+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq)

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10
Q

Why does the solubility of the hydroxide increase down the group?

A

More OH- ions present in the solution
Meaning it is more alkali

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11
Q

What is the pH range of the hydroxide solutions?

A

pH 8 to pH 14

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12
Q

What is the use and reason of Ca(OH)2?

A

Agriculture
Neutralises acidic soils

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13
Q

What is the use and reason of Mg(OH)2/CaCO3?

A

Treating indigestion
Neutralises excess stomach acid (HCl)

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14
Q

What is the use of BaSO4?

A

Diagnostic medicine

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15
Q

What is the use of CaCO3?

A

Constructions and sculptures

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16
Q

Why do group 2 metals have high melting and boiling points?

A

They have strong metallic bonds in their giant metallic lattice structures

17
Q

Why can group 2 metals conduct electricity?

A

Due to the delocalised electron that are mobile

18
Q

Why are group 2 metals considered s-block elements?

A

Because the highest energy electron is found in an s subshell/orbital

19
Q

Why do group 2 atoms act as reducing agents?

A

They lose 2 electrons from their outer shell
Meaning they undergo oxidation

20
Q

State and explain if the second ionisation energy for strontium was greater, smaller or the same as the first ionisation energy

A

Will be greater
The proton to electron ratio has increased
Ionic radius has reduced
Harder to remove an electron from an ion than an atom

21
Q

Why are all of the group II metals are stored under liquid paraffin oil?

A

Prevent reaction with oxygen in the air

22
Q

How can the oxidation be seen with a freshly cut piece of calcium?

A

When left in the atmosphere it quickly becomes discoloured

23
Q

Write an equation for to show the oxidation of calcium by oxygen to form one basic product, include state symbols

A

2Ca (s) + O2 (g) → 2CaO (s)

24
Q

What would be observed when a group 2 metal reacts with water?

A

Fizzing
Solid dissolving
Colourless solution being formed

25
Q

What is produced when a group 2 metal reacts with water?

A

Alkaline hydroxide
Hydrogen gas

26
Q

Is the reaction of magnesium with water is very slow or fast?

A

Very slow

27
Q

What does magnesium react much more vigorously with?

A

Steam

28
Q

What is produced when magnesium hydroxide is thermally decomposed?

A

Magnesium oxide

29
Q

How would you describe the salts of the group 2 metals?

A

White, crystalline compounds

30
Q

How can the salts of the group 2 metals be prepared?

A

Reacting the metal/metal oxide/metal carbonate with the appropriate acid

31
Q

If magnesium was reacted with sulfuric acid rather than strontium what differences would you observe as the reaction took place?

A

The solid would dissolve slower
It would bubble less vigorously

32
Q

State and explain the trend in reactivity of the group 2 metals with dilute nitric acid

A

Reactivity with nitric acid increases down the group
Atomic radius increases
Shielding increases
Nuclear attraction decreases despite of number of protons
increasing
Ionisation energy decrease so it is easier to lose electrons

Chemistry 3.1.2: Group 2 (1 decks)

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