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Chemistry 3.1 - Periodic table > Group 2 > Flashcards

Group 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the characteristic physical properties of group 2 metals?

A
  • they are called alkaline earth metals
  • reactive metals and do not occur in elemental form naturally
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2
Q

What is the reaction of group 2 metals?

A
  • group 2 metals are reducing agents as they are oxidised
  • this means they lose 2 electrons and form 2 plus ions, helping another species gain 2 electrons and be reduced
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3
Q

Describe redox reactions with oxygen

A
  • Group 2 metals react with oxygen to form a metal oxide
  • 2Mg + O2 = 2MgO
  • Magnesium is oxidised and oxygen is reduced
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4
Q

Describe group 2 redox reactions with water

A
  • Group 2 metals react with water to form alkaline hydroxides and hydrogen gas
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5
Q

Write the reaction of magnesium and water

A
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6
Q

are group 2 metals oxidised or reduced in these reactions

A

Oxidised

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7
Q

Describe redox reactions with dilute acids

A

metal and an acid form salt and hydrogen

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8
Q

What is the trend in reactivity down group 2?

A
  • as you go down group 2, reactivity increases
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9
Q

Why does reactivity increase down group 2?

A
  • as ionisation energy decreases down a group
  • this is because atomic radius increases and shielding increases
  • this outweighs nuclear charge
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10
Q

What is the reaction of group 2 oxides with water

A

group 2 oxides react with water releasing hydroxide ions and forming alkaline solutions

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11
Q

Write the equation for a group 2 oxide with water

A

CaO + H20 = Ca + OH-

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12
Q

How soluble are group 2 hydroxides

A

They are slightly soluble in water however when they become too saturated, they form solid precipitates

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13
Q

Describe the trend in the solubility of group 2 hydroxides

A
  • down a group, solubility increases so the solutions contain more OH- ions and become more alkaline
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14
Q

Explain the overall trends down group 2

A
  • solubility increases
  • PH increases
  • Alkalinity increases
  • Reactivity increases
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15
Q

Explain the two uses of group 2 compounds

A
  • agriculture
  • medicine
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16
Q

Explain how group 2 metals are used in agriculture

A
  • calcium hydroxide is added to fields to increase the PH of soils as calcium hydroxide neutralises acids and forms water
17
Q

Write the equation of calcium hydroxide and HCL

A

Ca(OH)2 + 2Hcl = CaCl2 + 2H20

18
Q

Explain the use of group 2 compounds in medicine

A
  • they are used to treat acid indigestion
  • for example, milk of magnesia which contains a suspension of Mg(OH)2
  • this neutralises the acid in the stomach (HCL)
19
Q

write the equation where magnesium hydroxide neutralises stomach acid

A

Mg(OH)2 + 2HCL = MgCl2 + 2H20

Chemistry 3.1 - Periodic table (4 decks)

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