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Inorganic Chemistry > Group 2 > Flashcards

Group 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is metallic radius

A

Half the distance between nuclei in a giant metallic lattice

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2
Q

Describe and explain the trend in IE down group 2

A

IE decreases
Nuclear charge increase outweighed by sheilding effect
And distance from valence shell increasing

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3
Q

Describe the trend in reactivity of group 2

A

Reactivity increases

Ability to lose e- increases

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4
Q

Why are cations of group 2 smaller in radius than their atoms

A

Cations have one less shell

Less electrons less repulsion

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5
Q

Describe the trend in reducing power down group 2

A

Increases

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6
Q

Describe and explain the trend in melting points down group 1 and 2

A

Decreases
Size of atom increases
Decrease in metallic bond strength

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7
Q

Write an equation for the reaction of group 2 metals with H2O

A

X + H2O—-> X(OH)2 + H2

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8
Q

Describe observations of reaction of group 2 metals with water down the group

A

Reaction vigour increases down group-effervescence of H2 gas increases

Solubility of hydroxides formed increases thus pH increases more alkaline solution formed

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9
Q

Describe and explain the trend in solubilities of sulfates down group 2

A 
Solubility decreases 
BeSO4 (aq)
MgSO4 (aq)
CaSO4 (s)
SrSO4(s)
BaSO4 (s)

Radius of cation increases charge density decreases
Lattice energy decreases
Enthalpy of hydration decreases
Decrease in enthalpy of hydration is greater
Thus enthalpy of solution becomes more endothermic

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10
Q

Describe and explain the trend in solubility of group 2 hydroxides and oxides

A

Increases down group
Be(OH)2 / Mg(OH)2 (s) insoluble
Ca(OH)2 (aq) partially soluble
Sr(OH)2/Ba(OH)2 (aq) very soluble

Both L.E and ΔHhyd decrease
Decrease in LE is greater than hydration
Enthalpy of solution becomes more exothermic

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11
Q

Write equation for reaction of group 2 metals with oxygen

A

X + 1/2O2 —–> XO

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12
Q

Observations when Be reacts with oxygen

A

Silver grey solid dissappears
White solid forms
Bright White flame

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13
Q

Observations when Mg reacts with oxygen

A

Silvery grey solid dissapears
White solid formed
Burns in white flame

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14
Q

Observations when Ca reacts with oxygen

A

Silvery grey solid dissappears
White solid formed
Burns in a brick red flame

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15
Q

Observations when Sr reacts with oxygen

A

Silvery grey solid dissappears
White solid appears
Burns in scarlett/crimson red flame

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16
Q

Observations when Ba reacts with oxygen

A

Silvery grey solid dissappears
White solid appears
Burns in apple green flame

17
Q

Write equation for reaction of oxides and hydroxides with dilute acid

A

Basic oxide/ hydroxide + dilute acid—> salt + water

18
Q

Write equation for reaction of a group 2 metal with dilute acid

A

Metal + dilute acid —-> salt + H2

19
Q

Write equation for reaction of group 2 carbonates with dilute acid

A

Carbonate + dilute acid —-> salt + CO2 + H2O

CO2 turns limewater milky

20
Q

Reaction of group 2 carbonates with water

A

INSOLUBLE

21
Q

What carbonates are soluble in water

A

Group 1 and ammonium carbonates are soluble

22
Q

Reaction of BeO with water

A

No reaction insoluble

23
Q

Reaction of MgO with water

A

MgO+ H2O—> Mg(OH)2 (aq) very slightly soluble
CaO + H2O —> Ca(OH)2 (aq)
SrO + H2O—-> Sr(OH)2 (aq)
BaO + H2O —–> Ba(OH)2 (aq)

24
Q

Write equation for thermal decomposition of group 2 carbonates

A

XCO3 (s)—-> XO(s) + CO2 (g)

25
Q

Describe and explain trend in thernal stabilities of group 2 carbonates and nitrates

A

Thermal stability increases

Down the group charge density of cation decreases
Ability of cation to polarize anion decreases
Bonds get less polarized
More heat required down the group

(thermal decomposition becomes more endothermic)

26
Q

Write equation for thermal decomposition of nitrates

A

X(NO3)2 —-> XO (s) + 2NO2(g) + 1/2O2 (g)

27
Q

Observation of decomposition of nitrates

A

Brown NO2 gas

28
Q

Write equation for thermal.decomposition of group 2 hydroxides

A

X(OH)2 —-> XO (s) + H2O (g)

29
Q

Uses of MgO

A

Refractory material in lining of furnaces

30
Q

Uses of Mg(OH)2

A

Antacid tablets

31
Q

Uses of CaO( quick lime) and Ca(OH)2

A

Used to treat acidic soils and for flue gas desulfurization

/ USED TO RAISE PH

32
Q

Uses of CaCO3 (limestone)

A

Building material

33
Q

Uses of BaSO4

A

Ba meal for x rays

Inorganic Chemistry (4 decks)

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