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Chemistry Module 3 > Group 2 > Flashcards

Group 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a common name given to group 2 metals?

A

Alkaline earth metals

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2
Q

What is the most reactive metal of group 2?

A

Barium

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3
Q

List 3 physical properties of group 2 metals?

A
  • High melting and boiling point
  • Low density metals
  • Form white compounds
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4
Q

Does reactivity increase or decrease down group 2? Why?

A

It increases. Electrons are lost more easily because of the larger atomic radius and more shielding which decreases the pull on electrons.

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5
Q

What happens to the first ionisation energy as you go down group 2? Why?

A

It decreases because the number of filled electrons increase down the group which means an increased shielding. Increased atomic radius means weaker attraction.

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6
Q

What type of reaction is the reaction between group 2 elements and oxygen?

A

Redox reaction

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7
Q

What are the products when group 2 elements react with water?

A

Hydroxide and hydrogen gas

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8
Q

Which group 2 elements doesn’t react with water?

A

Beryllium

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9
Q

What group 2 element reacts very slowly with water?

A

Magnesium

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10
Q

What is oxidised and what is reduced in a reaction between group 2 metal and water?

A

The metal is oxidised and one hydrogen atom from each water is reduced

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11
Q

Write and equation for the reaction of barium and water.

A

Ba + H2O -> Ba(OH)2 + H2

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12
Q

What are the products when a group 2 element reacts with a dilute acid?

A

Salt and hydrogen gas

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13
Q

What is formed when group 2 oxides react with water?

A

Metal hydroxide

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14
Q

Write an equation for the reaction of calcium and oxygen

A

2Ca + O2 -> 2CaO + H2

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15
Q

Write an equation for the reaction of calcium and hydrochloric acid

A

Ca + 2HCL -> CaCl2 + H2

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16
Q

Write an equation for the reaction between a group 2 oxide and water.

A

MgO + H2O -> Mg(OH)2

17
Q

What group 2 metal oxide is insoluble in water?

A

Beryllium oxide

18
Q

What is the trend in hydroxide solubility down group 2?

A

Increases down the group as solutions contains more OH- ions. Mg(OH)2 is slightly soluble and Ba(OH)2 creates a strong alkaline solution and is much more soluble in water

19
Q

What is Ca(OH)2 used for? Write an equation related to one of its uses.

A

Calcium hydroxide is used to neutralise acids in the soil, forming neutral water.
Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl -> H2O + CaCl2

20
Q

What is Mg(OH)2 used for?

A

Acts as an antacid for treating acid indigestion, ‘milk of magnesia’.

21
Q

What is calcium carbonate used for?

A

Present in limestone and marble and used in building construction

22
Q

In reactions what do group 2 elements act as?

A

Reducing agents

23
Q

Explain why group 2 elements are reducing agents?

A

They reduce another species

24
Q

State and explain the trend in alkalinity of the solution formed when group 2 oxides are added to water?

A

Down group 2, the solubility of the metal hydroxide increases, increasing the pH and alkalinity

25
Q

Explain why ZnCl2 is a salt

A

H+ replaced by Zn2+

26
Q

Predict the formula of the zinc salt that could be formed by adding an excess of zinc to phosphoric acid?

A

Zn3(PO4)2

27
Q

Describe and explain the trend in reactivity of the Group 2 elements with dilute HCl as the group is descended

A
  • Reactivity increases down the group
  • Atomic radius increases down the group
  • Shielding increases which is outweighed by increased proton charge
  • Nuclear attraction decreases/ionisation energy decreases
28
Q

Suggest why ice has a higher melting point than solid ammonia

A
  • Ice has stronger hydrogen bonds
  • O has 2 lone pairs and N has 1
  • O is more electronegative
29
Q

State one benefit for public health, of the reaction between chlorine gas and water

A

Removes germs/disinfects

30
Q

What trend in the behaviour of group 2 carbonates would be observed by the student?

A
  • Ease of thermal decomposition decreases down the group

Chemistry Module 3 (5 decks)

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