Group 1A-3A Flashcards
1
Q
Aka: Inflammable air
A
H
2
Q
Lithos - (Earth)
A
Li
3
Q
Most abundant element in the universe
A
Hydrogen
4
Q
Lightest element
A
Hydrogen
5
Q
Heavy isotope/hydrogen
A
Deuterium
6
Q
Highly flammable diatomic gas
A
Hydrogen
7
Q
Industrial Uses:
Haber Process
Oil hydrogenation-production of margarine
Baloon production
A
Hydrogen
8
Q
Preparation:
Lane & Messerschmidt Process
A
Hydrogen
9
Q
It is the element that can only exist as a monovalent ion or a monovalent anion
A
Hydrogen
10
Q
Stored in red cylinder
A
H
11
Q
Aka: Earth/ Rock/ Stone
A
Li
12
Q
Lightest of all metal
A
Lithium
13
Q
What is the color of Li in Flame test
A
Carmine Red
14
Q
PCOL USE: Diuretic, Mood stabilizer (sedative), DOC for Mania and use in majority of modern batteries
A
Li
15
Q
What name - LiBr
A
Lithium Bromide
16
Q
[In lithium] Used in additive sedative effects and/or Depressant
A
LiBr
17
Q
[In lithium] For Bipolar Disorder and Mania
A
Lithium Carbonate
18
Q
What name - Li2CO3
A
Lithium Carbonate
19
Q
Lithium Carbonate Brand Name (capsule)
Li2CO3 Brand Name (tablet)
Li2CO3 Brand Name (extended release-tablet)
A
Eskalith
Lithase
Quilonium-R
20
Q
Aka: Natrium
A
Sodium
21
Q
What is the color of Na in Flame test
A
Intense Yellow
22
Q
Color of luminous and non-luminous
A
Luminous: Intense Yellow
Non-Luminous: Blue Flame
23
Q
Primary extracellular cation
A
Sodium
24
Q
What are the triple acetates
(It is under in Na)
A
Co
Mg
Zn
25
Triple acetate color ppt
Pale Yellow ppt
26
Cation choice for organic medicinal
Na
27
It draws water from cells/tissues
Na
28
Na PCOL Action:
Fluid Retention
29
What name is NaCl
Sodium Chloride
30
Aka: Table Salt/ Solar Salt/ Rock Salt
NaCl
31
NaCl PCOL Action:
Electrolyte Replenisher & for loosening of mucus
32
Element: NaCl + KCl + CaCl2
Isotonic Solution:
Ringer's injection
33
Element: 0.9% NaCl
Isotonic Solution:
NSS (Normal Saline Solution)
34
Element: Ringer's + Na lactate
Isotonic Solution:
Lactated Ringer's/Hartmann's Solution
35
Element: NaCl + KCl + Na lactate
Isotonic Solution:
Darrow's Solution
36
Element: NaCl + KCl + Na Citrate + Glucose
Isotonic Solution:
Use:
ORS (Oral Rehydration Salt)
Diarrhea & Dehydrated
37
Aka: Baking Soda
Sodium Bicarbonate
38
What name- NaHCO3
Sodium Bicarbonate
39
Produced via Solvay Process
NaHCO3
40
It is:
Systemic Alkalizer for weak acid poisoning (could cause systemic alkalosis)
Systemic Antacid (could cause rebound hyperacidity)
NaHCO3
41
If antacid has Al & Ca =
But if with Mg =
Al & Ca = Constipation
Mnemonics: Ala Ca TAE
Mg = Diarrhea
Mnemonics: Mg TAE
42
What name- Na2CO3
Sodium Carbonate
43
Anhydrous- soda ash
Sodium Carbonate
44
10 H2O (Decahydrate) - washing soda
Dihydrate - trona
Na2CO3
45
Carbonating Agent
Alkalizing Agent
Na2CO3 (Sodium Carbonate)
46
What name-Na3C6H5O7
Sodium Citrate
47
Use:
In vitro: anticoagulant (ex. vials)
In vivo:
Procoagulant
Systemic & Urinary Alkalizer
Na3C6H5O7 (Sodium Citrate)
48
What name-Na2SO4
Sodium Sulfate
49
Aka: Glauber's salt
Sodium Sulfate
50
Use of Sodium Sulfate
Laxative/Cathartic
51
Use:
Laxative
Cathartic
Sodium Sulfate
52
What name-NaKC4H4O6 • H2O
Sodium Potassium Tartrate
53
Aka: Rochelle Salt, Sal Seginette
Sodium Potassium Tartrate
54
• Fehlings B
• Sequestering Agent in Fehling's Solution
(For Cu)
Sodium Potassium Tartrate
55
What name-Na2C4H4O6
Sodium Tartrate
56
Primary Standard for Karl Fischer reagent
Sodium Tartrate
57
What name-NaNO3
Sodium Nitrate
58
Aka: Chile Salt Peter, Salitre
Sodium Nitrate
59
What name-NaNO2
Sodium Nitrite
60
Antidote for Cyanide [CN] Poisoning (2)
Sodium Nitrite
Sodium thiosulfate
61
Use: Meat preservative & Vasodilator
Sodium Nitrite
62
Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate
(Brand Name)
Kayexalate
63
Cation-exchange resin for tx of hyperkalemia
Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate
64
What name- NaOH
Sodium Hydroxide
65
A.k.a. caustic soda, sosa, lye
Sodium hydroxide
66
Use:
• Drain cleaner
• For HARD SOAP manufacture
• Glycerin suppositories preparation
Sodium hydroxide
67
Aka: Calx sodica
Soda lime NaOH Ca(OH)2
68
CO2 absorber for anesthesia in machines
Soda lime
69
Use:
Antioxidants & Preservatives
Sodium Bisulfite & Metabisulfite
70
Quantification of aldehydes (RCHO)
Bisulfite method
71
What name:
• NaHSO3
• Na3S2O5
• Sodium Bisulfite
• Sodium Metabisulfite
72
Aka:
• Umami molecule
• MSG
Monosodium Glutamate
73
USE: Monosodium Gutamate
Flavor enhancer
74
Cause "Chinese Restaurant Syndrome"
MSG
75
Light headedness, headache due to glutamate (happen in what disease?)
Chinese Restaurant Syndrome
76
A.k.a. kalium/potash
Potassium
77
Primary intracellular cation
K
78
Causes re/hyperpolarization of action potentials
K
79
Use: Diuretic, Muscle contractant
Heart - relaxation
Muscle - contraction
K
80
What name-KCl
Potassium chloride
81
Potassium Chloride (Brand Name)
Kalium Durules
82
Use: KCl
Electrolyte replenisher
For Hypokalemia (oral, IV , infusion)
83
As IV injection, administrered as drip not push -> muscle and heart contracts
KCl
84
IV bolus - lethal injection
KCl
85
What name-KHC4H4O6
Potassium bitartrate
86
Aka: cream of tartar, creamor, argol
Potassium bitartrate
87
Use:
• Food stabilizer & thickener (ing. on baking powder to raise dough)
• Laxative
Potassium bitartrate
88
Occurs in acidulous fruits (ex. grapes)
Potassium bitartrate
89
What name-KNO3
Potassium nitrate
90
Aka: Saltpeter, salitre, salt prunelle
KNO3
91
Use of KNO3
Meat preservative
92
What name- KOH
Potassium hydroxide
93
Aka: caustic potash, lye potash
Potassium hydroxide
94
Use of KOH
Saponifying agent
95
SOFT soap
KOH
96
HARD soap
SOFT soap
NaOH
KOH
97
What name-K2CO3
Potassium carbonate
98
Aka: salt of tartar, PEARL ASH, potash
Potassium Carbonate
99
Use
Carbonating Agent
Alkalizing/saponifying agent
K2CO3 Potassium Carbonate
100
1st element discovered by spectroscopy
Cesium
101
Group 1 are:
Alkali Metal
H
Li
Na
K
Rb
Cs
Fr
102
Lithium Bromide
Additive sedative effects
Depressant
103
Lithium Carbonate (Li2CO3)
Used in majority of modern batteties
Bipolar Disorder and Mania
104
NaCl
Table salt/solar salt
105
NaHCO3
Baking soda
Solvay process
Systemic alkalizer for weak acid poisoning
106
Na2CO3
10H20 - washing soda
Anhydrous -soda ash
Alkalizing agent
107
Na3C6H5O7
Sodium Citrate
Anticoagulant
108
Na2SO4
Sodium sulfate
Gaubers salt
Laxative
109
NaKC4H4O6 • H2O
Sodium Potassium Tartrate
Rochelle Salt
For Cu sequestration in Fehlings B reagent
110
Na2C4H4O6
Sodium Tartrate
Standard for Karl-Fischer reagent
111
NaNO3
Sodium Nitrate
Chile saltpeter
112
NaNO2
Sodium Nitrite
Antidote for CN poisoning
113
Sodium thiosulfate
Antidote fo CN poisoning
114
Sodium polystrene sulfonate
BN: Kayexalate
Cation-exchange resin for hyperkalemia
115
NaOH
Sodium Hydroxide
Caustic soda
Drain cleaner
HARD soap
116
NaOH Ca(OH)2
Soda lime
CO2 absorber for anesthesia in machines
117
NaHSO3 Na32O5
Sodium Bisulfite & Metabisulfite
Antioxidants/preservatives
118
Monosodium Glutamate
Umami molecule
Chinese Restaurant Syndrome
119
KCl
Potassium Chloride
For Hypokalemia
IV bolus - lethal injection
120
KHC4H4O6
Potassium Bitartrate
Cream of tartar
Food stabilizer and thickener for baking
121
KNO3
Potassium Nitrate
Saltpeter
Presevative
122
KOH
Potassium hydroxide
Caustic potash
Saponifying agent - SOAP soap
123
K2CO3
Potassium carbonate
Pearl ash
Alkalizer & saponifying agent
124
Most toxic metal
Be (Beryllium)
125
Glucinum
Be
126
Granulomas upon inhalation
Berylliosis
127
Lightest of all structurally important metals
Magnesium
128
Second most abundant intracellular cation
Magnesium
129
MICO
Magnesium In Calcium Out
130
Use: natural calcium channel blocker
Mg
131
Produced via DOW processes
Mg
132
Context of Mg when Ca Increase
Increase in calcium means increase contractility (+ inotropy) and this excess can lead to arrhythmia
tx: CCB
133
• Found in chlorophyll
• Part of Grignard Reagent (RMgX) for aldehydes and ketones
Mg
134
What name-MgCO3
Magnesium carbonate
135
A.k.a. Magnesia
Magnesium carbonate
136
Use: MgCO3
antacid/laxative
137
What name-Mg(OH)2
Magnesium hydroxide
138
Aka: Milk of magnesia / Magnesia magma
Magnesium hydroxide
139
Use: Mg(OH)2
Antacid
140
Stored in blue containers
Mg
141
What name-MgO
Magnesium oxide
142
Aka: Calcined Magnesia
MgO
143
Component of Universal Antidote
(3) Mnemonics: MAT
MgO - neutralize
Activated charcoal - adsorbent
Tannic acid - precipitant
144
Reduces bitterness of cascara sagrada
Magnesium oxide
145
What name-MgSO4
Magnesium sulfate
146
Aka: Epsom salt/bitter salt
Magnesium sulfate
147
MgSO4
Oral administration:
IM:
Cathartic
Anticonvulsant (ex. eclampsia)
148
Use: MgSO4 (2 in different route)
PO:Cathartic
IM: Anticonvulsant (ex. eclampsia)
149
Secondary extracellular cation
Calcium
150
Ca color in flame test
Brick red
151
PCOL ACTION:
• Major component of hydroxyapetite (bones)
• Trigger for neurotransmitter release
• #4 clotting factor
Ca
152
What name-CaCO3
Calcium carbonate
153
Aka: Precipitated chalk, prepared chalk, limestone
Calcium carbonate
154
• Ca supplement for bone conditions
• Antacid (Ex. Tums) that cause rebound hyperacidity
CaCO3
155
What name-CaO
Calcium oxide
156
Aka: lime, quicklime, calx, apog
Calcium Oxide
157
BEQ:
• Component of Bordeaux mixture
• Component of Sulfurated lime
Calcium oxide
158
What name-Ca(OH)2
Calcium hydroxide
159
Aka: slake lime, milk of lime, lime water
Ca(OH)2 Calcium Hydroxide
160
Use: Calcium Hydroxide
Base (saponifying agent)
161
CaCl2
Calcium chloride
162
Aka: muriate of lime
CaCl2
163
Use: Ca replenisher
CaCl2
164
CaSO4
Calcium sulfate
165
Calcium Sulfate:
• 1/2 H2O (hemiydrate)
Plaster of Paris
166
Use: 1/2H2O Plaster of Paris
Surgical casts/ dentistry
167
2 H2O
Gypsum
168
Use: 2 H2O Gypsum
Tablet diluent
169
Sr color in flame test
Crimson red
170
Use of Strontium ranolate
For Osteoporosis (similar to Ca)
171
Aka: "Barys" (heavy)
Barium
172
Ba color in flame test
Yellow green
173
BaSO4
Barium sulfate
174
Use: radiopaque for x-ray imaging
Barium sulfate
175
Discovered by: Marie Curie
Radium
176
Radioactive (1st discovered)
Radioactive -from pitchblende (Curie)
Ra
177
What group?
Boron Group/Icosagens
Group 3A
178
Borate + meOH (methanol) 2△= green bordered flame
Boron
179
Borate + meOH (methanol) 2△
Green bordered flame
180
Used:
Borosilicate glass
For hydroboration of alkenes
Industrial use:
Vulcanizing rubber
Boron
181
Na2B4O7
Sodium tetraborate
182
Aka: Borax
Sodium tetraborate
183
Use of Na2B4O7
For cleaning/laundry
Antiseptic
184
USE:
Antiseptic
For cleaning/laundry
Sodium tetraborate
185
H3BO3
Boric acid
186
Use: isonicity adjuster, • Opthalmic antiseptic 2-4% green
Boric Acid (H3BO3)
187
Use: Boric Acid?
• Isonicity adjuster
• Opthalmic antiseptic 2-4% green
188
What are the (3) abundant ELEMENT on earth from high to low
1. O2
2. Si
3. Al
189
3rd most abundant ELEMENT on earth
Aluminum
190
Most abundant METAL
Al
191
Al + Sodium Cobaltinitrite =
Thenard's blue
192
Aluminum Toxicity:
Excess from fumes =
Shaver's disease (Bauxite Fibrosis)
193
Aka: Tawas
Alum
194
Main component of antiperspirant
Alum
195
Double salt of aluminum
Ex. NaAl (SO4)2 / KAl (SO4)2
Alum
196
Burrow's Solution
Aluminum Acetate C6H9AlO6
197
For poison ivy irritatation
Aluminum acetate
198
Maalox combination of
Mg(OH)2 & Al(OH)3
199
Al(OH)3 =
Mg(OH)2 =
Constipation
Laxative
200
Use: Aluminium Hydroxide
Antacid
201
• Lewis acid
• Catalyst for Friedel- Crafts rxns
AlCl3 (Aluminum Chloride)
202
Before it was eka. Aluminum
Gallium
203
Use: Gallium Nitrate
For hypercalcemia
204
Use: Gallium Nitride
Foe losers, transitions, charges
205
What element?
"Budding twig" - green spectral lines
Thallium
206
Green twigs in Tl was?
Poisonous and used as ant/rat poison
207
Boron Group/Icosagens
Mnemonics: BAGIT
Group 3A
Boron
Aluminum
Gallium
Indium
Thallium
