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INORG CHEM > Group 1A-3A > Flashcards

Group 1A-3A Flashcards

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1
Q

Aka: Inflammable air

A

H

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2
Q

Lithos - (Earth)

A

Li

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3
Q

Most abundant element in the universe

A

Hydrogen

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4
Q

Lightest element

A

Hydrogen

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5
Q

Heavy isotope/hydrogen

A

Deuterium

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6
Q

Highly flammable diatomic gas

A

Hydrogen

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7
Q

Industrial Uses:
Haber Process
Oil hydrogenation-production of margarine
Baloon production

A

Hydrogen

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8
Q

Preparation:
Lane & Messerschmidt Process

A

Hydrogen

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9
Q

It is the element that can only exist as a monovalent ion or a monovalent anion

A

Hydrogen

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10
Q

Stored in red cylinder

A

H

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11
Q

Aka: Earth/ Rock/ Stone

A

Li

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12
Q

Lightest of all metal

A

Lithium

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13
Q

What is the color of Li in Flame test

A

Carmine Red

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14
Q

PCOL USE: Diuretic, Mood stabilizer (sedative), DOC for Mania and use in majority of modern batteries

A

Li

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15
Q

What name - LiBr

A

Lithium Bromide

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16
Q

[In lithium] Used in additive sedative effects and/or Depressant

A

LiBr

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17
Q

[In lithium] For Bipolar Disorder and Mania

A

Lithium Carbonate

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18
Q

What name - Li2CO3

A

Lithium Carbonate

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19
Q

Lithium Carbonate Brand Name (capsule)

Li2CO3 Brand Name (tablet)

Li2CO3 Brand Name (extended release-tablet)

A

Eskalith

Lithase

Quilonium-R

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20
Q

Aka: Natrium

A

Sodium

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21
Q

What is the color of Na in Flame test

A

Intense Yellow

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22
Q

Color of luminous and non-luminous

A

Luminous: Intense Yellow
Non-Luminous: Blue Flame

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23
Q

Primary extracellular cation

A

Sodium

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24
Q

What are the triple acetates
(It is under in Na)

A

Co
Mg
Zn

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25
Q

Triple acetate color ppt

A

Pale Yellow ppt

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26
Q

Cation choice for organic medicinal

A

Na

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27
Q

It draws water from cells/tissues

A

Na

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28
Q

Na PCOL Action:

A

Fluid Retention

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29
Q

What name is NaCl

A

Sodium Chloride

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30
Q

Aka: Table Salt/ Solar Salt/ Rock Salt

A

NaCl

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31
Q

NaCl PCOL Action:

A

Electrolyte Replenisher & for loosening of mucus

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32
Q

Element: NaCl + KCl + CaCl2

Isotonic Solution:

A

Ringer’s injection

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33
Q

Element: 0.9% NaCl

Isotonic Solution:

A

NSS (Normal Saline Solution)

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34
Q

Element: Ringer’s + Na lactate

Isotonic Solution:

A

Lactated Ringer’s/Hartmann’s Solution

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35
Q

Element: NaCl + KCl + Na lactate

Isotonic Solution:

A

Darrow’s Solution

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36
Q

Element: NaCl + KCl + Na Citrate + Glucose

Isotonic Solution:

Use:

A

ORS (Oral Rehydration Salt)

Diarrhea & Dehydrated

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37
Q

Aka: Baking Soda

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

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38
Q

What name- NaHCO3

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

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39
Q

Produced via Solvay Process

A

NaHCO3

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40
Q

It is:
Systemic Alkalizer for weak acid poisoning (could cause systemic alkalosis)

Systemic Antacid (could cause rebound hyperacidity)

A

NaHCO3

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41
Q

If antacid has Al & Ca =

But if with Mg =

A

Al & Ca = Constipation
Mnemonics: Ala Ca TAE

Mg = Diarrhea
Mnemonics: Mg TAE

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42
Q

What name- Na2CO3

A

Sodium Carbonate

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43
Q

Anhydrous- soda ash

A

Sodium Carbonate

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44
Q

10 H2O (Decahydrate) - washing soda

Dihydrate - trona

A

Na2CO3

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45
Q

Carbonating Agent
Alkalizing Agent

A

Na2CO3 (Sodium Carbonate)

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46
Q

What name-Na3C6H5O7

A

Sodium Citrate

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47
Q

Use:
In vitro: anticoagulant (ex. vials)

In vivo:
Procoagulant
Systemic & Urinary Alkalizer

A

Na3C6H5O7 (Sodium Citrate)

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48
Q

What name-Na2SO4

A

Sodium Sulfate

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49
Q

Aka: Glauber’s salt

A

Sodium Sulfate

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50
Q

Use of Sodium Sulfate

A

Laxative/Cathartic

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51
Q

Use:
Laxative
Cathartic

A

Sodium Sulfate

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52
Q

What name-NaKC4H4O6 • H2O

A

Sodium Potassium Tartrate

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53
Q

Aka: Rochelle Salt, Sal Seginette

A

Sodium Potassium Tartrate

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54
Q

• Fehlings B
• Sequestering Agent in Fehling’s Solution
(For Cu)

A

Sodium Potassium Tartrate

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55
Q

What name-Na2C4H4O6

A

Sodium Tartrate

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56
Q

Primary Standard for Karl Fischer reagent

A

Sodium Tartrate

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57
Q

What name-NaNO3

A

Sodium Nitrate

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58
Q

Aka: Chile Salt Peter, Salitre

A

Sodium Nitrate

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59
Q

What name-NaNO2

A

Sodium Nitrite

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60
Q

Antidote for Cyanide [CN] Poisoning (2)

A

Sodium Nitrite
Sodium thiosulfate

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61
Q

Use: Meat preservative & Vasodilator

A

Sodium Nitrite

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62
Q

Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate
(Brand Name)

A

Kayexalate

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63
Q

Cation-exchange resin for tx of hyperkalemia

A

Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate

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64
Q

What name- NaOH

A

Sodium Hydroxide

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65
Q

A.k.a. caustic soda, sosa, lye

A

Sodium hydroxide

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66
Q

Use:
• Drain cleaner
• For HARD SOAP manufacture
• Glycerin suppositories preparation

A

Sodium hydroxide

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67
Q

Aka: Calx sodica

A

Soda lime NaOH Ca(OH)2

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68
Q

CO2 absorber for anesthesia in machines

A

Soda lime

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69
Q

Use:
Antioxidants & Preservatives

A

Sodium Bisulfite & Metabisulfite

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70
Q

Quantification of aldehydes (RCHO)

A

Bisulfite method

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71
Q

What name:
• NaHSO3
• Na3S2O5

A

• Sodium Bisulfite
• Sodium Metabisulfite

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72
Q

Aka:
• Umami molecule
• MSG

A

Monosodium Glutamate

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73
Q

USE: Monosodium Gutamate

A

Flavor enhancer

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74
Q

Cause “Chinese Restaurant Syndrome”

A

MSG

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75
Q

Light headedness, headache due to glutamate (happen in what disease?)

A

Chinese Restaurant Syndrome

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76
Q

A.k.a. kalium/potash

A

Potassium

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77
Q

Primary intracellular cation

A

K

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78
Q

Causes re/hyperpolarization of action potentials

A

K

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79
Q

Use: Diuretic, Muscle contractant
Heart - relaxation
Muscle - contraction

A

K

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80
Q

What name-KCl

A

Potassium chloride

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81
Q

Potassium Chloride (Brand Name)

A

Kalium Durules

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82
Q

Use: KCl

A

Electrolyte replenisher
For Hypokalemia (oral, IV , infusion)

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83
Q

As IV injection, administrered as drip not push -> muscle and heart contracts

A

KCl

84
Q

IV bolus - lethal injection

A

KCl

85
Q

What name-KHC4H4O6

A

Potassium bitartrate

86
Q

Aka: cream of tartar, creamor, argol

A

Potassium bitartrate

87
Q

Use:
• Food stabilizer & thickener (ing. on baking powder to raise dough)
• Laxative

A

Potassium bitartrate

88
Q

Occurs in acidulous fruits (ex. grapes)

A

Potassium bitartrate

89
Q

What name-KNO3

A

Potassium nitrate

90
Q

Aka: Saltpeter, salitre, salt prunelle

A

KNO3

91
Q

Use of KNO3

A

Meat preservative

92
Q

What name- KOH

A

Potassium hydroxide

93
Q

Aka: caustic potash, lye potash

A

Potassium hydroxide

94
Q

Use of KOH

A

Saponifying agent

95
Q

SOFT soap

A

KOH

96
Q

HARD soap

SOFT soap

A

NaOH

KOH

97
Q

What name-K2CO3

A

Potassium carbonate

98
Q

Aka: salt of tartar, PEARL ASH, potash

A

Potassium Carbonate

99
Q

Use
Carbonating Agent
Alkalizing/saponifying agent

A

K2CO3 Potassium Carbonate

100
Q

1st element discovered by spectroscopy

A

Cesium

101
Q

Group 1 are:

A

Alkali Metal

H
Li
Na
K
Rb
Cs
Fr

102
Q

Lithium Bromide

A

Additive sedative effects
Depressant

103
Q

Lithium Carbonate (Li2CO3)

A

Used in majority of modern batteties
Bipolar Disorder and Mania

104
Q

NaCl

A

Table salt/solar salt

105
Q

NaHCO3

A

Baking soda
Solvay process
Systemic alkalizer for weak acid poisoning

106
Q

Na2CO3

A

10H20 - washing soda
Anhydrous -soda ash
Alkalizing agent

107
Q

Na3C6H5O7

A

Sodium Citrate
Anticoagulant

108
Q

Na2SO4

A

Sodium sulfate
Gaubers salt
Laxative

109
Q

NaKC4H4O6 • H2O

A

Sodium Potassium Tartrate
Rochelle Salt
For Cu sequestration in Fehlings B reagent

110
Q

Na2C4H4O6

A

Sodium Tartrate
Standard for Karl-Fischer reagent

111
Q

NaNO3

A

Sodium Nitrate
Chile saltpeter

112
Q

NaNO2

A

Sodium Nitrite
Antidote for CN poisoning

113
Q

Sodium thiosulfate

A

Antidote fo CN poisoning

114
Q

Sodium polystrene sulfonate

A

BN: Kayexalate
Cation-exchange resin for hyperkalemia

115
Q

NaOH

A

Sodium Hydroxide
Caustic soda
Drain cleaner
HARD soap

116
Q

NaOH Ca(OH)2

A

Soda lime
CO2 absorber for anesthesia in machines

117
Q

NaHSO3 Na32O5

A

Sodium Bisulfite & Metabisulfite
Antioxidants/preservatives

118
Q

Monosodium Glutamate

A

Umami molecule
Chinese Restaurant Syndrome

119
Q

KCl

A

Potassium Chloride
For Hypokalemia
IV bolus - lethal injection

120
Q

KHC4H4O6

A

Potassium Bitartrate
Cream of tartar
Food stabilizer and thickener for baking

121
Q

KNO3

A

Potassium Nitrate
Saltpeter
Presevative

122
Q

KOH

A

Potassium hydroxide
Caustic potash
Saponifying agent - SOAP soap

123
Q

K2CO3

A

Potassium carbonate
Pearl ash
Alkalizer & saponifying agent

124
Q

Most toxic metal

A

Be (Beryllium)

125
Q

Glucinum

A

Be

126
Q

Granulomas upon inhalation

A

Berylliosis

127
Q

Lightest of all structurally important metals

A

Magnesium

128
Q

Second most abundant intracellular cation

A

Magnesium

129
Q

MICO

A

Magnesium In Calcium Out

130
Q

Use: natural calcium channel blocker

A

Mg

131
Q

Produced via DOW processes

A

Mg

132
Q

Context of Mg when Ca Increase

A

Increase in calcium means increase contractility (+ inotropy) and this excess can lead to arrhythmia

tx: CCB

133
Q

• Found in chlorophyll
• Part of Grignard Reagent (RMgX) for aldehydes and ketones

A

Mg

134
Q

What name-MgCO3

A

Magnesium carbonate

135
Q

A.k.a. Magnesia

A

Magnesium carbonate

136
Q

Use: MgCO3

A

antacid/laxative

137
Q

What name-Mg(OH)2

A

Magnesium hydroxide

138
Q

Aka: Milk of magnesia / Magnesia magma

A

Magnesium hydroxide

139
Q

Use: Mg(OH)2

A

Antacid

140
Q

Stored in blue containers

A

Mg

141
Q

What name-MgO

A

Magnesium oxide

142
Q

Aka: Calcined Magnesia

A

MgO

143
Q

Component of Universal Antidote
(3) Mnemonics: MAT

A

MgO - neutralize
Activated charcoal - adsorbent
Tannic acid - precipitant

144
Q

Reduces bitterness of cascara sagrada

A

Magnesium oxide

145
Q

What name-MgSO4

A

Magnesium sulfate

146
Q

Aka: Epsom salt/bitter salt

A

Magnesium sulfate

147
Q

MgSO4
Oral administration:
IM:

A

Cathartic
Anticonvulsant (ex. eclampsia)

148
Q

Use: MgSO4 (2 in different route)

A

PO:Cathartic
IM: Anticonvulsant (ex. eclampsia)

149
Q

Secondary extracellular cation

A

Calcium

150
Q

Ca color in flame test

A

Brick red

151
Q

PCOL ACTION:
• Major component of hydroxyapetite (bones)
• Trigger for neurotransmitter release
• #4 clotting factor

A

Ca

152
Q

What name-CaCO3

A

Calcium carbonate

153
Q

Aka: Precipitated chalk, prepared chalk, limestone

A

Calcium carbonate

154
Q

• Ca supplement for bone conditions
• Antacid (Ex. Tums) that cause rebound hyperacidity

A

CaCO3

155
Q

What name-CaO

A

Calcium oxide

156
Q

Aka: lime, quicklime, calx, apog

A

Calcium Oxide

157
Q

BEQ:
• Component of Bordeaux mixture
• Component of Sulfurated lime

A

Calcium oxide

158
Q

What name-Ca(OH)2

A

Calcium hydroxide

159
Q

Aka: slake lime, milk of lime, lime water

A

Ca(OH)2 Calcium Hydroxide

160
Q

Use: Calcium Hydroxide

A

Base (saponifying agent)

161
Q

CaCl2

A

Calcium chloride

162
Q

Aka: muriate of lime

A

CaCl2

163
Q

Use: Ca replenisher

A

CaCl2

164
Q

CaSO4

A

Calcium sulfate

165
Q

Calcium Sulfate:
• 1/2 H2O (hemiydrate)

A

Plaster of Paris

166
Q

Use: 1/2H2O Plaster of Paris

A

Surgical casts/ dentistry

167
Q

2 H2O

A

Gypsum

168
Q

Use: 2 H2O Gypsum

A

Tablet diluent

169
Q

Sr color in flame test

A

Crimson red

170
Q

Use of Strontium ranolate

A

For Osteoporosis (similar to Ca)

171
Q

Aka: “Barys” (heavy)

A

Barium

172
Q

Ba color in flame test

A

Yellow green

173
Q

BaSO4

A

Barium sulfate

174
Q

Use: radiopaque for x-ray imaging

A

Barium sulfate

175
Q

Discovered by: Marie Curie

A

Radium

176
Q

Radioactive (1st discovered)
Radioactive -from pitchblende (Curie)

A

Ra

177
Q

What group?
Boron Group/Icosagens

A

Group 3A

178
Q

Borate + meOH (methanol) 2△= green bordered flame

A

Boron

179
Q

Borate + meOH (methanol) 2△

A

Green bordered flame

180
Q

Used:
Borosilicate glass
For hydroboration of alkenes
Industrial use:
Vulcanizing rubber

A

Boron

181
Q

Na2B4O7

A

Sodium tetraborate

182
Q

Aka: Borax

A

Sodium tetraborate

183
Q

Use of Na2B4O7

A

For cleaning/laundry
Antiseptic

184
Q

USE:
Antiseptic
For cleaning/laundry

A

Sodium tetraborate

185
Q

H3BO3

A

Boric acid

186
Q

Use: isonicity adjuster, • Opthalmic antiseptic 2-4% green

A

Boric Acid (H3BO3)

187
Q

Use: Boric Acid?

A

• Isonicity adjuster
• Opthalmic antiseptic 2-4% green

188
Q

What are the (3) abundant ELEMENT on earth from high to low

A
  1. O2
  2. Si
  3. Al
189
Q

3rd most abundant ELEMENT on earth

A

Aluminum

190
Q

Most abundant METAL

A

Al

191
Q

Al + Sodium Cobaltinitrite =

A

Thenard’s blue

192
Q

Aluminum Toxicity:
Excess from fumes =

A

Shaver’s disease (Bauxite Fibrosis)

193
Q

Aka: Tawas

A

Alum

194
Q

Main component of antiperspirant

A

Alum

195
Q

Double salt of aluminum
Ex. NaAl (SO4)2 / KAl (SO4)2

A

Alum

196
Q

Burrow’s Solution

A

Aluminum Acetate C6H9AlO6

197
Q

For poison ivy irritatation

A

Aluminum acetate

198
Q

Maalox combination of

A

Mg(OH)2 & Al(OH)3

199
Q

Al(OH)3 =
Mg(OH)2 =

A

Constipation
Laxative

200
Q

Use: Aluminium Hydroxide

A

Antacid

201
Q

• Lewis acid
• Catalyst for Friedel- Crafts rxns

A

AlCl3 (Aluminum Chloride)

202
Q

Before it was eka. Aluminum

A

Gallium

203
Q

Use: Gallium Nitrate

A

For hypercalcemia

204
Q

Use: Gallium Nitride

A

Foe losers, transitions, charges

205
Q

What element?
“Budding twig” - green spectral lines

A

Thallium

206
Q

Green twigs in Tl was?

A

Poisonous and used as ant/rat poison

207
Q

Boron Group/Icosagens
Mnemonics: BAGIT

A

Group 3A
Boron
Aluminum
Gallium
Indium
Thallium

INORG CHEM (6 decks)

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