group 1a Flashcards
most reactive group
alkali metals
group 1a
most electronegative metals
alkali metals
group 1a
when combined with hydrogens, alkali metals form ____
hydrides
alkali metals react with water to form ____
metal hydroxides
alkali metals react with halogens to form ____
ionic salts, metal halides
metal hydrides react with water to produce ____ and ____
- hydrogen gas
- metalic hydroxide
when combined with oxygen, alkali metals form ____
oxides
aka peroxides or superperoxides
when combined with hydroxides, alkali metals become ____
strong alkali or base
except for lithium due to its small size
who discovered the hydrogen?
Henry Cavendish
back then, H was still called as “burnt water”
who coined the term “hydrogen”?
Atoine Lavoiser
other names of hydrogen
- burnt water
- inflammable air
what is the lightest and most abundant element?
hydrogen
H
- cation form of hydrogen
- anion form of hydrogen
- monovalent or hydronium
- hydride
preparation processes of hydrogen
- lane process
- messerschmidt process
produce 99% pure hydrogen
most common or abundant isotope of hydrogen
protium
most stable hydrogen isotope; not radioactive and not toxic
deuterium
regarded as the “heavy hydrogen”
deuterium
very radioactive and unstable hydrogen isotope
tritium
used in hydrogen bombs
lithium deuterium
lithium isotopes that produce tritium when combined
L16 and L17
petalite, a source of lithium, is composed of what elements?
- lithium
- aluminum
- silicate
2 sources of lithium
- petalite
- spodumine or trithane
aside from lithium, spodumine is also a source of?
ceramic materials
the lightest metal and solid metal on Earth
lithium
Li
who discovered lithium?
J.A. Arfvedson
other name for lithium
earth stone
lithia is regarded as ____
principal mineral spodumine
components of lithia water
- lithium carbonate
- lithium chloride
an ingredient in lithium ion batter and used in O-LED TVs
lithium fluoride
used in the treatment of manic disorder
lithium citrate
- 6th most abundant element in Earth’s crust
- 5th most abundant metal
sodium
Na
meaning of the Na symbol of sodium
natrium
who isolated sodium?
Humphrey Davy
he also discovered potassium
sources of sodium
- sodalite
- rock salt
- feldspar
the most abundant extracellular fluid cation and a major contributor in extracellular osmotic pressure
sodium
maximum amount of sodium that can be taken per day
2.3 g/day
the cation of choice to optimize the pharmaceutical utility of organic medicaments
sodium
used as an electromicroscope staining to see the presence of sodium acetate
magnesium uranyl acetate
a test for sodium acetate
“sodium reagent” is also called as
zinc uranyl acetate
a test for sodium acetate
an antidote for zinc poisoning
sodium acetate
also known as “baking soda”
sodium bicarbonate
the 2nd major extracellular anion
sodium bicarbonate
the 3 tests for sodium aetate
- zinc uranyl acetate
- magnesium uranyl acetate
- cobalt uranyl acetate
the primary standard for acid-base tritations
sodium carbonate
used in the manufacture of soda lime glass
sodium carbonate
preparation of obtaining sodium carbonate is called ____
solvay process
produces anhydrous soda ash or “calcined soda”
a water softening agent for hard water that dissolves magnesium and calcium
sodium carbonate
3 forms of sodium carbonate
- decahydrate
- sesquihydrate
- anhydrous
decahydrate sodium carbonates
- washing soda
- sal soda
- soda crystal
sesquihydrate sodium carbonates
- trona
- urao
anhydrous sodium carbonates
- soda ash
- calcined soda
aka sodium pyrosulfite
sodium metabisulfite
Na2S2O5
came from sodium hydroxide and disulfur monoxide
sodium metabisulfite
used in “micropack” silica gel that has antimicrobial and anti-mold properies
sodium metabisulfite
usually used in the production of epinephrine as an excipient
sodium metabisulfite
other names for sodium chloride
- rock salt
- halite
- table salt
- soler salt
differentiate rock salt from soler salt
- rock salt - mined underground
- soler salt - evaporated from seawater
sodium was formerly called as ____
salarium
historically given to soldiers as their salary
antidote for silver poisoning
sodium chloride
sodium salt that acts as sequestering agent in Benedict’s reagent
used as a test for reducing sugars
sodium citrate
anticoagulant of choice for most coagulation studies in vitro and a pro-coagulant in vivo
sodium citrate
used to prevent the greasiness of melting cheese
sodium citrate
this sodium salt is poisonous to rats
sodium flouride
the first fluoride compound used in water fluoridation
sodium fluoride
percentage concentration of sodium fluoride when used as anti-cariogenic
2%
other names for sodium hydroxide
- caustic soda
- sosa
- lye
TRUE OR FALSE
all hydroxide are caustic
true
this readily attacks glass; used in water attack test
sodium hydroxide
