Group 15- Big boi Petr Flashcards
What are the group 15 elements called?
pnictogens
Why is N2 inert?
Large HOMO-LUMO difference
How is Nitrogen recovered?
By distillation of liquid air.
Give the 3 allotropes of P
White P-P4 tetrahedra, very poisonous., bursts in air to form P4O10.
Red P- P4 units linked in chains, heat white P in 300C, much less reactive.
Black P- layered structures that are the most thermodynamically stable forms.
Why is P(4-)P only present at high T?
P4->2P2
Highly endothermic, however free energy shows possible at high T.
What is the structure of Arsenic?
Yellow- As4 tetrahedrons
Grey- layered As molecules
How are An and Bi the same?
Both metallic structures.
Are NX3 useful? Does NX5 exist? Why?
Nope, no as too sterically hindered.
P4 + 6Cl2 –>?
4PCl3
How are superacids formed? What metals can be a superacid?
EF5+2HF–>H2F+ + EF6-
Stronger than 100% H2SO4! Anything bar N.
Will protonate methane!
ER3 has enatimioers, how can they be seperated?
Allowing racemisation to occur.
Nitrogen forms many oxides, what happens when dissolved in water? Give an example of an NOx which can be used for something good.
It makes an acidic solution.
N2O is unreactive used in whipping cream.
4NH3 + 7O2 –> ? (conditions)
? + H2O –> 2HNO3 + NO
Why is N2–>? not favourable?
6H2O+4NO2
Thermodynamically, free energy>0
HNO3 + 4Zn + 9H+ –>?
2HNO3+Cu+2H+ –> ?
Which one is the stronger reducing agent?
NH4+ + 3H2O + 4Zn2+
2NO2 +Cu2+ + 2H2O
Zn
What is aqua regia? Why is it fucking cool?
HNO3 + 3 HCl –>NOCl(nitrosyl chloride).
Makes [AuCl4]-
