Group 15 Flashcards
P block includes group __ to group ___
13 to 18
Valance shell configuration
ns² np¹-⁶
Nitrogen found in plants and animals as
Proteins
Nitrogen occurs as _______ and ______ called as ___petre and ___ petre respectively
Sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate
Chile and Indian
What is the chemical formula for sodium nitrate?
NaNO3
What percentage of the atmosphere is comprised of molecular nitrogen?
78%
Which elements are typical metals in Group 115?
Bismuth and moscovium
What type of elements are Nitrogen phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony?
Non-metals and metalloids
What character shift occurs as you go down
From non-metallic to metallic through metalloidic character
Fill in the blank: Molecular nitrogen comprises _______ of the atmosphere.
78%
What is the chemical formula of the apatite family?
Flouroapatite formula
Ca9(PO4)⁶.CaX², where X = F, Cl, or OH
Ca9(PO⁴)⁶ .CaF²
Why is phosphorus considered essential?
It is an essential constituent of animal and plant matter, present in bones and living cells.
Where are phosphoproteins commonly found?
In milk and eggs.
What minerals are arsenic, antimony, and bismuth mainly found as?
Sulphide minerals.
True or False: Moscovium has a long half-life and is abundantly available.
False.
What is the chemical formula of the apatite family?
Ca5(PO4)3X, where X = F, Cl, or OH
Examples include fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F), which are the main components of phosphate rocks.
Why is phosphorus considered essential?
It is an essential constituent of animal and plant matter, present in bones and living cells.
What is the group number for ns²np³ elements?
Group 15
This group includes nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth.
What type of elements are found in Group 15?
Non-metal, metalloid
Group 15 contains both non-metals (like nitrogen) and metalloids (like arsenic).
How does metallic character change in Group 15?
Metallic character increases
This trend is observed as you move down the group from nitrogen to bismuth.
Arrange the following elements based on atomic radius from smallest to largest: N, P, As, Sb, Bi
N < P < As < Sb < Bi
Atomic radius increases down the group.
What is the order of electronegativity (E.N) in Group 15 elements?
N > P > As > Sb > Bi
Nitrogen has the highest electronegativity, while bismuth has the lowest.
What is the boiling point trend in Group 15?
N > P < As< Bi< Sb
Boiling points increase down the group.
What is the melting point trend in Group 15?
N < P < As > Sb > Bi
Melting points increase Upto As then decrease upto bismuth
Which element in Group 15 has a tendency to form -3 oxidation states?
N > P > As > Sb > Bi
This trend indicates the preference for gaining three electrons.
tendency of -3 Ox state decreases down the group due to
Increase in size and metallic character
which element hardly form any compound with -3
Bismuth
Which element in Group 15 has a tendency to form +5 oxidation states?
N > P > As > Sb > Bi
due to inert pair effect
Nitrogen is the most likely to form +5 oxidation states.
Tendency to form +3 ox state
N+³<P+³<As+³<Sb+³<Bi+³
due to inert pair effect
Besides +5 ox state N exhibit
+1,+2,+4 when it reacts with O2
N doesnt not form +5 ox state with_____
Halogens as N dont have D orbitals
Phosphorous also shows
+1 & +4 state in some oxoacids
For N all Ox state from +1 +4 tend to_______
disproprtionate in acid solution
In P all intermediate ox state dispropionate into +5 & +3 in
Alkali and acid
+3 ox state in As,Sb,Bi become
increasingly stable
N restricted to max covalency of
4 ( one s & three p) available
Heavier elements have vaccant d for P
PF6-
What is the anomalous behavior of nitrogen attributed to?
Small size, high ionization energy, high electronegativity, absence of d-orbital
These factors contribute to nitrogen’s unique chemical properties.
N exhibit unique ablity to form
P multiple bonds
with itself and high electronegativity(C,O)
Which hydride is the most stable among NH₃, PH₃, AsH₃, SbH₃, and BiH₃?
NH₃ > PH₃ > AsH₃ > SbH₃ > BiH₃
Stability decreases down the group.
Fill in the blank: The reducing character of the hydrides follows the trend ______.
NH₃ < PH₃ < AsH₃ < SbH₃ < BiH₃
This indicates that ammonia is the least reducing while bismuth hydride is the most.
Which element in Group 15 has a tendency to form -3 oxidation states?
N > P > As > Sb > Bi
This trend indicates the preference for gaining three electrons.
Which element in Group 15 has a tendency to form +5 oxidation states?
N > P > As > Sb > Bi
Nitrogen is the most likely to form +5 oxidation states.
Does nitrogen show allotropy?
No
Nitrogen does not exhibit allotropy like some other elements.
What is the anomalous behavior of nitrogen attributed to?
Small size, high ionization energy, high electronegativity, absence of d-orbital
These factors contribute to nitrogen’s unique chemical properties.
What is the bond enthalpy of the N-N bond compared to P-P
N-N < P-P
Nitrogen- Nitrogen bond weaker than P-P because of high inter electronic replusion of non bonding electrons
Owing to small bond length as result week catenations tendency in N
Which hydride is the most stable among NH₃, PH₃, AsH₃, SbH₃, and BiH₃?
NH₃ > PH₃ > AsH₃ > SbH₃ > BiH₃
Stability decreases down the group.
Fill in the blank: The reducing character of the hydrides follows the trend ______.
NH₃ < PH₃ < AsH₃ < SbH₃ < BiH₃
This indicates that ammonia is the least reducing while bismuth hydride is the most.
What is the reactivity trend of Group 15 elements with oxygen?
E + O₂ → E₂O₃
This reaction demonstrates the formation of oxides with oxygen.
What is the reactivity trend of Group 15 elements with oxygen?
E + O₂ → E₂O5
This reaction demonstrates the formation of oxides with oxygen.
