Group 14 Flashcards
What can the group 14 elements be called, referring to the fact that they have a stable octet?
Electron precise.
What form of group 14 halides are known?
EX4.
What is the exception to the known group 14 halides and why is this the case?
PbI4 - the inert pair effect and iodine is large and diffuse so the bonds would be weak and there is steric hindrance.
What are the properties of CF4 and CCl4 and why?
They are inert as there is a good match of atomic size, very strong bonds are formed and there is no opportunity to attack the carbon antibonding orbital.
What do Si halides form when they are hydrolysed?
SiO2 and HX.
Why is Si more prone to attack by nucleophiles than carbon?
It is larger.
What formula is more stable than EX4 for Sn and Pb?
EX2.
What is SnCl2 commonly used as?
A reducing agent that is oxidised to Sn(IV).
What are the properties of SnCl4?
It is a liquid that freezes at -33 degrees celsius, implying that is has a molecular structure rather than ionic.
Why is Pb(II) more stable than Pb(IV)?
The inert pair effect.
How does Al react with HCl and H2SO4?
Vigorously.
How does the reactivity of Sn and Pb compare to group 1, 2 and 13?
They are much less reactive.
What forms when Sn reacts with concentrated and dilute acids?
H2 gas.
What is the difference between Sn reacting with acids compared to Pb reacting with acids?
The products are insoluble so adhere to the metal, which stops the reaction continuing.
How is CO formed?
When carbon burns in a limited air supply.
