Group 1 - Frankfurt School Flashcards
who are the four figures associated with the FRANKFURT SCHOOL?
theodor adorno
max horkheimer
herbert marcuse
walter benjamin
when was the FRANKFURT SCHOOL founded?
1923
this term refers to anything that can be bought or sold
commodity
this term refers to the act of worshipping an object because it is believed to have a spirit or special magical powers
fetishism
this term refers to the practice of how a product or object become symbols of status and social identity
cultural symbolism
who came up with the concept of commodity fetishism?
theodor adorno and or karl marx
this term refers to the quantitative relationship which expresses the worth of one commodity in terms of another commodity
exchange value
For Marx, ____ will always dominate use value in capitalism because the production, marketing and consumption of commodities will always take precedence over people’s real needs.
exchange value
this term refers to the usefulness or utility of a good or service in satisfying human wants or need
use value
this term is the basic definition of the value of commodities for people in capitalist societies
it also exemplifies how social relations between people can assume the fantastic of defined by a ‘thing
money
who elaborated the concept of musical fetishism
‘all contemporary musical life is dominated by the commodity form; the last pre-capitalist residues have been eliminated.’
theorno adorno
this organization reflects the consolidation of commodity fetishism, the domination of exchange value and the ascendancy of state monopoly capitalism.
frankfurt school
how did theorno adorno distinguish the culture industry from mass culture?
mass culture assumes the masses bear some responsibility for the culture they consume
what are the roles of standarization and pseudo-individualization?
Standardization of song hits keeps the customers in line by doing their listening for them, as it were.
Pseudo-individualization, for its part, keeps them in line by making them forget that what they listen to is already listened to for them or ‘pre-digested’.
this term refers to the process of standardization whereby the products acquire the form common to all commodities.
industrial cultural production
what does the attribution of individuality do?
it obscures the standardization and manipulation of consciousness practiced by the culture industry.
what are the two processes that dominated popular music produced by the culture industry?
standardisation
pseudo-individualisation
what is the Frankfurt School’s claim about modern mass culture?
Modern mass culture is a relatively harmless form of entertainment, a democratic response to consumer demand.
what are some reasons why some people listen to popular music?
- People drawn to POP MUSIC are often thought to have infantile or childlike characteristics.
- People desire popular music, partly because capitalists ‘hammer’ it into their minds and make it appear desirable.
- Popular music offers relaxation and respite from the rigours of ‘mechanised labour’ precisely because it is not demanding or difficult, because it can be listened to in a distracted and inattentive manner.
this type of music has every detail acquires its musical sense from the totality of the piece, and its place within that totality.
classical and avante-garde music
this type of music is characterized by the habit of the beginning of the chorus is replaceable by the beginning of innumerable other choruses…every detail is substitutible; it serves its function only as a cog in a machine
popular music
