Group 1 And 2

Question 1

What are group 1 called?

Answer 1

Alkali metals

Question 2

What are group 2 called?

Answer 2

Alkaline earth metals

Question 3

What are the ionisation trends of group 1 and 2?

Answer 3

Both decrease down the group, due to increased atomic radius and shielding

Question 4

What are the trends in melting and boiling points for group 1 and 2, and are there anomalies?

Answer 4

Both decrease going down the group, excluding Mg in group 2- due to lather atomic/ionic radius and shielding

Question 5

What are the trends in reactivity of group 1 and 2?

Answer 5

Both increase in reactivity going down the group

Question 6

Which group is more reactive, group 1 or group 2?

Answer 6

Group 1

Question 7

What block of the periodic table are group 1 and 2 in?

Answer 7

S block- they are S block elements

Question 8

Group 2 + water —>…

What element is exempt from this and what does it produce

Answer 8

Group 2 hydroxide + hydrogen gas

Magnesium is exempt; the water must be steam and it produces an oxide

It forms MgO + hydrogen gas

Question 9

Group 2 + oxygen —>…

Answer 9

Group 2 oxide

Question 10

Group 2 + chlorine—>

Answer 10

Group 2 chloride

Question 11

Group 2- trends in the solubility of sulfates, carbonates, and hydroxides

Answer 11

Sulfates- solubility decreases down the group
Carbonates- solubility decreases down the group
Hydroxides- solubility increases down the group

Question 12

Carbonates + acids —>

Answer 12

Salt + Carbon dioxide + water

Question 13

Group 2 oxide + water —>…

Answer 13

Metal hydroxide

Question 14

Group 2 oxides + acid —>…

Answer 14

Salt + water

Question 15

Group 2 hydroxides + acid —>

Answer 15

Salt + water

Question 16

Group 2 carbonate + acid —>

Answer 16

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 17

Uses of group 2 in real life?

Answer 17

Used for indigestion (Calcium hydroxide)
Used in farming (Magnesium hydroxide)
Used in X-rays (Barium sulfate)
Mild latitudes (Magnesium sulfate)

Question 18

What causes distortion in an ion?

Answer 18

• The cation charge- the higher the charge the more distortion
• The charge density (how big the ion is)- the smaller the ion the more distortion

Question 19

Define thermal decomposition

Answer 19

Use of heat to break down a reactant into more than one product

Question 20

What happens when you thermally decompose group 1 carbonates? Which element reacts differently?

Answer 20

Group 1 carbonates do not thermally decompose due to the lack of distortion of the group 1 ions (only a +1 charge, and a large radius)

Lithium decomposes as a group 2 carbonate does

Question 21

What happens when you thermally decompose group 2 carbonates?

Answer 21

Forms an oxide and carbon dioxide- as group 2 is less stable than group 1

Question 22

What happens when you thermally decompose group 1 nitrates? Which element is exempt?

Answer 22

Forms a nitrite and oxygen

Aside from lithium which reacts as a group 2 nitrate does

Question 23

What happens when you thermally decompose group 2 nitrates?

Answer 23

Forms an oxide + nitrogen dioxide + oxygen

Question 24

How do you work out which carbonate or nitrate is the most stable?

Answer 24

The time it takes for the products to form- the longer it takes for products to form, the more stable the reactant is

Time taken for carbonate to produce CO2 (limewater)
Time taken for the nitrate to form oxygen
(Relight a glowing splint)

Question 25

What colour is nitrogen dioxide gas?

Answer 25

Brown