Group 1 - Alkali Metals Flashcards

1
Q

Which group of the periodic table are the alkali metals?

A

Group 1

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2
Q

What is the state of the alkali metals?

A

Silvery solids

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3
Q

What do the alkali metals need to be stored in oil?

A

To minimise contact with oxygen and water

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4
Q

Why do the alkali metals need to be handled with forceps?

A

They cause chemical burns on the skin.

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5
Q

How many electrons do the alkali metals have on their outer shells?

A

1

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6
Q

Why do the alkali metals have similar chemical properties?

A

They all have one electron on their outer shell.

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7
Q

Are the melting and boiling points of the alkali metals low or high?

A

Low

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8
Q

Are the alkali metals soft or hard?

A

Soft

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9
Q

What kind of ion do alkali metals form?

A

1+ ion

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10
Q

What is the trend of reactivity as you go down group 1?

A

Increasing

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11
Q

Explain the trend in reactivity in the alkali metals.

A

Group 1 metals react by losing their outermost electron. As you move down the group, the atomic radius gets larger. This means that the outermost electron becomes less strongly attracted to the nucleus because it is further away. So, less energy is required to remove the outer electron from elements at the bottom of the group and it is more easily lost.

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12
Q

What is the general equation for an alkali metals reacting with water?

A

Alkali Metal + Water ——> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen

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13
Q

What is the balanced symbol equation for sodium reacting with water, with state symbols?

A

2Na(s) + 2H(diatomic 2)O(l) ——> 2NaOH(aq) + H(diatomic 2)(g)

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