Group 1

Question 1

What is the name given to group 1 metals

Answer 1

Alkali metals

Question 2

How many electrons do alkali metals have in their outer electron shell?

Answer 2

1

Question 3

are group 1 metals soft or hard

Answer 3

Soft

Question 4

Describe how lithium reacts with oxygem

Answer 4

Lithium reacts quickly with oxygen to form lithium oxide

lithium+ oxygen —> lithium oxide

Question 5

Describe how sodium reacts with oxygen

Answer 5

Sodium reacts rapidly with oxygen to form sodium oxide

sodium + oxygen —> sodium oxide

Question 6

Which reacts quicker with oxygen: sodium or lithium?

Answer 6

Sodium

Question 7

Describe how potassium reacts with oxygen

Answer 7

Potassium reacts very rapidly with oxygen to form potassium oxide

potassium + oxygen —> potassium oxide

Question 8

Which reacts the quickest with oxygen: lithium, sodium or potassium

Answer 8

Potassium

Question 9

Write out the balanced equation for a reaction between oxygen and a group 1 metal

Answer 9

4(metal) + O2 —> 2(metal)2O

e.g 4Li + O2 —> 2Li2O

Question 9

What happens to the reactivity of group 1 metals as we go down the group?

Answer 9

it increases

Question 10

How do all group 1 metals react with chlorine

Answer 10

Rapidly

Question 11

Write out the balanced symbol equation for the reaction between chlorine and the group 1 metals

Answer 11

2(metal) + Cl2 —> 2(metal)Cl

e.g. 2Li + Cl2 —> 2LiCl

Question 12

What do we see when lithium reacts with water?

Answer 12

Lithium will react rapidly with the water
Effervescence is given off, showing that hydrogen gas is being produced

The lithium floats

Question 13

What do we see when an alkali metal reacts with chlorine

Answer 13

They form a white salt and they dissolve in water to form a colourless solution

Question 14

What do we see when sodium reacts with water?

Answer 14

The sodium reacts rapidly with the water
Effervesence is given off, showing that hydrogen gas is being produced

The sodium floats

Question 15

What do we see when potassium reacts with water

Answer 15

Potassium reacts extremely rapidly with water

It floats and moves around quickly on the surface of the water
Effervesence is given off which shows that the hydrogen gas is being prodced

The potassium self-ignites

Question 16

Is the reaction between alkali metals and water exothermic or endothermic

Answer 16

Exothermic because energy is being release as heat

Question 17

What is the word equation for the reaction between alkali metals and water?

Answer 17

metal + water —> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

e.g. lithium + water —> lithium hydroxide + hydrogen

where the metal hydroxide is alkaline

Question 18

What is the balanced symbol equation for the reaction between group one metals and water?

Answer 18

2(metal) + 2H2O —> 2LiOH + H2

e.g. 2Li + 2H2O —> 2LiOH + H2

Question 19

Why does the reactivity of alkali metals increase as you go down the group

Answer 19

The atomic radius increases so the outer electron shell becomes further away from the positively charged nucleus.
This** weakens** the electrostatic force of attraction between them, making the electrons easier to lose.

Question 20

What happens to the melting and boiling points of the alkali metals as you go down the group

Answer 20

It decreases

Question 21

Why does the reactivity of the alkali metals decrease as you go down the group

Answer 21

As the atomic radius increases, the outer electron shell becomes further away from the positively charged nucleus. This weakens the electrostatic force of attraction. This means that a lower amount energy is required to overcome the bonds.