Gross Anatomy 2 Flashcards
How many thoracic vertebrae?
12
What is the shape of the vertebrae?
Heart-shaped body
What are the facets of the vertebrae?
Superior + inferior costal, superior + inferior articular, transverse costal
What do the facets of the vertebrae body do?
Articulation of the heads of ribs
What do the transverse facets of the vertebrae do?
Articulation with tubercles of ribs
How many pairs of ribs in total?
12
How many pairs of true ribs? Which ones?
7, 1-7
How many pairs of false ribs? Which ones?
3, 8-10
How many pairs of floating ribs? Which ones?
2,11-12
What is the difference between true false and floating ribs?
true = reach sternum false = reach costal cartilage above floating = lack anterior attachment
What are the 3 parts of the sternum?
Manubrium, body + xiphoid
What does the sternum have articulate sites + facets for?
Ribs 1-7 and clavicles
What is the thoracic inlet/ superior thoracic aperture?
Ring formed by:
Vertebra T1
Rib 1
Manubrium
What does the thoracic inlet contain?
→ oesophagus → trachea → nerves → lymphatic → great vessels for neck + upper limbs
What is the costal margin?
Lining of costal cartilage from ribs 7-10
What muscles expand chest + lung volumes?
Diaphragm + intercostal
How do ribs move to increase chest volume?
→ superior tanterion movement of sternum like a pump handle
→ elevation of lateral shaft of rib like bucket handle movement
What is the order of intercostal muscles for anterior to posterior?
→ external
→ internal
→ innermost
Between which intercostal muscles are the collateral branches located?
Internal + innermost
What is the order of collateral branches from superior to inferior?
VAN ( vein, artery, nerve )
What direction do the muscle fibres run for the different types of intercostal muscles?
External = lateral to medial when going superior to inferior
Internal + innermost = medial to lateral
