grog - easy to remember ones

Question 1

Identify the areas of North America where tornadoes are most likely to occur.

Answer 1

central and southeastern US

Question 1

Identify tropical cyclone hazards. Focus attention on the hazard that is the most serious.

Answer 1

Wind damage
Fresh water flooding
Earthflows
Storm surge - most serious

Question 2

Know what the Saffir-Simpson scale is, the number of categories, and the criteria used for categorizing tropical cyclones.

Answer 2

Developed to categorize intensity of cyclones.
-1-5 scale.
5 categories based on central pressure, mean wind speed, and storm surge height.

Question 3

Identify the names of prominent tropical storms (hurricanes) that have been retired. Focus attention on the hurricane that affected New Orleans in 2005.

Answer 3

Katrina, Andrew, Camille, Hugo

Question 4

Identify the general area in the North Atlantic where tropical cyclones originate.

Answer 4

off West Coast of Africa or in Carribean Sea

Question 5

Know the minimum wind speed required for a cyclone to be categorized as a hurricane in the Western Hemisphere (North Atlantic).

Answer 5

35- 74 mph

Question 6

Identify the term given to tropical storms/cyclones that form in the Atlantic (Western Hemisphere), the Western Pacific, and Indian Oceans respectively.

Answer 6

Western hemisphere - hurricanes
Western pacific - typhoon
Indian ocean - cyclone

Question 7

Identify the two regions of the world where cyclonic tracks have been studied extensively and are well known.

Answer 7

North America and Western Eurasia

Question 8

Identify the characteristics associated with cyclones and anticyclones in the upper atmosphere, respectively. Focus attention on the type of pressure (high or low), the general speed of the winds (faster or slower), and the direction of Coriolis and pressure gradient forces (inward or outward) for each.

Answer 8

Cyclones - low pressure center, slower, inspirals
Anticyclones - high pressure center, faster, outspirals

Question 9

Identify the three stages associated with tornado forecasting.

Answer 9

severe storm outlook - 24 hour look ahead
tornado watch - conditions are right to form tornadoes
tornado warning - radar or observer confirm tornado

Question 10

Know what sheet lightning is and the percentage of lightning that occurs within clouds and/or occur between clouds.

Answer 10

Sheet lightning is cloud-to-cloud lightning, or light diffused by a cloud. 80% of all lightning strikes within clouds.

Question 11

Identify the basic components in the structure of a tropical cyclone.

Answer 11

Extremely low pressure at center and strong pressure gradient towards center. Intense convergence and uplift - produces heavy rainfall.

Question 12

Identify the three types of traveling cyclones.

Answer 12

Mid-latitude cyclone (or extra-tropical cyclone)
Tropical cyclone (tropical storm or hurricane)
Tornado

Question 13

Identify the two types of air masses that commonly move through Ohio and the source regions from which they originate.

Answer 13

cA - continental Arctic, cool and dry, originates from land around Arctic Ocean
cP - continental Polar, cool and dry but warmer than cA, originates from continents lat 50-60*
mT - maritime Tropical, warm moist air from Gulf of Mexico

Question 14

Identify the two criteria by which air masses are classified and be able to identify examples of air mass types.

Answer 14

Latitude and Surface Type
Latitude - Arctic, Polar, Tropical, Equatorial - indicates temperature
Surface Type - maritime, continental - indicates moisture content
mE, mT, cT, mP, cP, cA, cAA

Question 15

Identify the names of the prominent ocean currents in the North Atlantic and Southeastern Pacific, respectively.

Answer 15

North Atlantic: Gulf Stream -> North Atlantic Drift
Southeastern Pacific: Humboldt Current

Question 16

Identify the three layers of the oceanic temperature structure and the characteristics of each.

Answer 16

Mixed Layer - layer of warm air near top of the low/mid latitudes
Thermocline - below warm layer(temp drops fast)
Deep Ocean - below thermocline, very cold, base is near freezing

Question 17

Identify the characteristics associated with winds aloft.

Answer 17

no frictional effects, 2 prevailing forces - coriolis effect, and pressure gradient

Question 18

Identify the names of the persistent low-pressure belts in the Northern Hemisphere

Answer 18

Aleutian Low (north pacific) and Icelandic Low (north atlantic)

Question 19

Identify the names of the persistent sub-tropical high-pressure belts in the Northern Hemisphere.

Answer 19

Hawaiian High (pacific ocean) and Azores High (atlantic ocean)

Question 20

Identify examples of other types of local winds and the general characteristics of each.

Answer 20

Foehn winds - winds that come down from mountains, descend and warm up

Santa Ana Winds - come from high lat areas east of mountains in California, if winds are strong and there are forest fires, they can make the fires even worse.