Greesia y Roma Classica

Question 1

Cyrus the Great

Answer 1

conqueror who founded the Achaemenid empire, centred on Persia and comprising the Near East from the Aegean Sea eastward to the Indus River.

Question 2

Zoroastrianism

Answer 2

a monotheistic pre-Islamic religion of ancient Persia founded by Zoroaster in the 6th century BC.

Question 3

Olympic Games

Answer 3

the greatest of the games or festivals of ancient Greece, held every four years in the plain of Olympia in Elis, in honor of Zeus. Also called O·lym·pics . a modern international sports competition, held once every four years.

Question 4

Pericles-

Answer 4

Pericles was a prominent and influential Greek statesman, orator and general of Athens during its golden age, specifically the time between the Persian and the Peloponnesian Wars

Question 5

Peloponnesian Wars

Answer 5

The Peloponnesian War was an ancient Greek war fought by the Delian League led by Athens against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. Historians have traditionally divided the war into three phases.

Question 6

Philip II of Macedon

Answer 6

philip II of Macedon was the king of the kingdom of Macedon from 359 BC until his assassination in 336 BC. He was a member of the Argead dynasty of Macedonian kings, the third son of King Amyntas III of Macedon, and father of Alexander the Great and Philip III.

Question 7

Hellenistic Period

Answer 7

The Hellenistic period covers the period of Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year.

Question 8

Alexandria-

Answer 8

Alexandria, Virginia, is a city on the Potomac River, just south of Washington, DC. It’s known for its Old Town, with brick sidewalks and well-preserved 18th- and 19th-century buildings. King Street is lined with boutiques and specialty shops. Founding fathers dined at Gadsby’s Tavern, now a museum with period objects and photographs. Carlyle House Historic Park is a restored Georgian mansion with a garden.

Question 9

Roman Republic

Answer 9

The Roman Republic was the era of classical Roman civilization, led by the Roman people, beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire.

Question 10

Punic wars

Answer 10

The Punic Wars were a series of three wars between 264 and 146 BC fought by the states of Rome and Carthage. The First Punic War broke out in Sicily in 264 BC as a result of Rome’s expansionary attitude combined with Carthage’s proprietary approach to the island.

Question 11

Carthage

Answer 11

a seaside suburb of Tunisia’s capital, Tunis, is known for its ancient archaeological sites. Founded by the Phoenicians in the first millennium B.C., it was once the seat of the powerful Carthaginian (Punic) Empire, which fell to Rome in the 2nd century B.C. Today it retains a scattered collection of ancient baths, theaters, villas and other ruins, many with sweeping views of the Gulf of Tunis.

Question 12

Hannibal-

Answer 12

was a Carthaginian general and statesman who commanded Carthage’s main forces against the Roman Republic during the Second Punic War.

Question 13

Julius Caesar

Answer 13

Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman who played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.

Question 14

Augustus Caesar

Answer 14

Caesar Augustus was the first Roman emperor, reigning from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. His status as the founder of the Roman Principate has consolidated an enduring legacy as one of the most effective and controversial leaders in human history.

Question 15

Diocletian

Answer 15

Diocletian was a Roman emperor from 284 to 305. Born to a family of low status in Dalmatia, Diocletian rose through the ranks of the military to become a cavalry commander of the Emperor Carus’s army. After the deaths of Carus and his son Numerian on campaign in Persia, Diocletian was proclaimed emperor.

Question 16

Constantine

Answer 16

Constantine the Great, also known as Constantine I, was a Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337. Born in Naissus, Dacia Mediterranea, he was the son of Flavius Constantius, an Illyrian army officer who became one of the four emperors of the Tetrarchy. His mother, Helena, was Greek and of low birth

Question 17

Direct Democracy

Answer 17

Direct democracy or pure democracy is a form of democracy in which people decide on policy initiatives directly. This differs from the majority of currently established democracies, which are representative democracies.

Question 18

Senate

Answer 18

the state council of the ancient Roman republic and empire, which shared legislative power with the popular assemblies, administration with the magistrates, and judicial power with the knights.

Question 19

Consuls

Answer 19

an official appointed by a government to live in a foreign city and protect and promote the government’s citizens and interests there.

Question 20

Cicero

Answer 20

Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar and Academic skeptic who played an important role in the politics of the late Roman Republic and in vain tried to uphold republican principles during the crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire.

Question 21

Aristotle

Answer 21

Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. Taught by Plato, he was the founder of the Lyceum, the Peripatetic school of philosophy, and the Aristotelian tradition.

Question 22

Stoics

Answer 22

is a school of Hellenistic philosophy founded by Zeno of Citium in Athens in the early 3rd century BC. It is a philosophy of personal ethics informed by its system of logic and its views on the natural world.

Question 23

Socrates

Answer 23

ocrates was a Greek philosopher from Athens who is credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, and as being the first moral philosopher of the Western ethical tradition of thought.

Question 24

Plato

Answer 24

Plato was an Athenian philosopher during the Classical period in Ancient Greece, founder of the Platonist school of thought, and the Academy, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world.

Question 25

Sophocles

Answer 25

Sophocles is one of three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays have survived. His first plays were written later than, or contemporary with, those of Aeschylus; and earlier than, or contemporary with, those of Euripides.

Question 26

Odyssey and Iliad

Answer 26

The Iliad tells the story of the Greek struggle to rescue Helen, a Greek queen, from her Trojan captors. The Odyssey takes the fall of the city of Troy as its starting point and crafts a new epic around the struggle of one of those Greek warriors, the hero Odysseus.

Question 27

Sappho

Answer 27

Sappho was an Archaic Greek poet from the island of Lesbos. Sappho is known for her lyric poetry, written to be sung while accompanied by a lyre. In ancient times, Sappho was widely regarded as one of the greatest lyric poets and was given names such as the “Tenth Muse” and “The Poetess”

Question 28

Doric

Answer 28

relating to or denoting a classical order of architecture characterized by a sturdy fluted column and a thick square abacus resting on a rounded molding.

Question 29

Ionic

Answer 29

Ionic things have something to do with ions, or charged molecules. An ionic bond is the attraction that occurs between ions with opposite charges.

Question 30

Corinthian

Answer 30

belonging or relating to Corinth, especially the ancient city.