Green Flashcards
What two things must a designer know about space before the necessary number of exits can be determined?
Before a designer can determine how many of these are needed, both the floor area and the occupancy group must be known.
What are the four stages of a product life cycle?
The stages of this process include:
- raw material acquisition
- manufacturing
- use and maintenance
- disposal
What is embodied energy?
This is the energy required by a product or material for its extraction as a raw material, initial processing, and subsequent manufacture into a finished product.
In terms of its sustainability, what are the primary advantages and disadvantages of aluminum as a construction material?
This material has a high potential for recycling, but it requires a large amount of energy for its manufacture.
What is composite wood veneer?
This is a product made by slicing readily available, fast-growing trees into veneers, dyeing the veneers, and then gluing them together to create an artificial log. The log is then re-sliced to produce a variety of wood veneers.
What is building commissioning?
This is the process of inspecting, testing, starting up, and adjusting building systems and then verifying that the systems are operating as intended and then they meet the design criteria.
What is displacement ventilation?
This is an air distribution system in which supply air originates at floor level and rises to return air grilles in the ceiling.
What are volatile organic compounds (VOCs)?
These are chemicals that contain carbon and hydrogen and that vaporize at room temperature and pressure.
What are nine common biological contaminates often found in buildings?
Nine common are: -mold -viruses -animal dander -mildew -mites -dust -bacteria -pollen -insects
What are five common hazardous materials found in existing buildings?
Five common ones are: 1. asbestos 2. vermiculite 3. PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) 4. lead 5. radon
What is adaptive reuse?
This is the practice of reusing exciting buildings and materials from buildings as much as possible.
What are post-industrial (or pre-consumer) materials?
These are scrap or trim materials generated in the manufacturing process that have been recovered or diverted from solid waste.
What does post-consumer mean?
This adjective describes a material or product that has served its intended use and has been recovered from waste destined for disposal.
What is programming?
This is the process undertaken before design during which all pertinent information about a project is collected and analyzed.
According to the book PROBLEM SEEKING by William Pena, et al., what are the five steps in the programming process?
The five steps in this process are: 1. establish goals 2. collect facts 3. uncover concepts 4. determine needs 5. state the problem
How does a programmatic concept differ from a design concept?
The first is a performance requirement that is related to general methods of solving a problem or satisfying a need. The second is a specific physical response that is an attempt to satisfy the first.
In terms of the programming process, what are the three components of flexibility?
The three components of this aspect of programming are: 1. expandability 2. convertibility 3. versatility
What four types of information should be included in every programming document?
Every document of this kind should list: -the client’s goals and objective -required spaces and area requirements -required adjacencies between spaces -specific client requirements for budget, schedule, furnishings, equipment, and mechanical and electrical systems.
What are the four possible ratings for a LEED-certified project?
From highest to lowest, the possible ratings for these projects are: -platinum -gold -silver -certified
What type of workflow is represented by this diagram?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/204/957/672/q_image_thumb.jpg?1488650585)
This is a graphic representation of departmental workflow.
What type of conceptual plan arrangement could be used as a nondirectional way to focus attention on a space?
A centralized plan arrangement could be used to accomplish this.
What type of circulation pattern is generally the most efficient and flexible?
A linear layout (also called a dumbbell layout) is generally the most efficient and flexible of these.
What voluntary, consensus-based national standard for developing high-performance, sustainable buildings was established by the U.S. Green Building Council?
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) was established by this organization.
What activities does Greenguard Environmental Institute conduct?
This organization tests products for acceptable indoor air quality standards and registers the products it certifies.
What three activities does Scientific Certification Systems conduct?
This organization certifies: -environmentally related product attributes -environmentally preferable products -well-managed forests
What is the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)?
This nonprofit organization is devoted to encouraging the responsible management of the world’s forests.
What is outgassing?
This is the release of toxic gases from material, typically after the material has been installed.
What is the primary concern related to indoor air quality and paint?
With this wall from finish, the primary concern related to indoor air quality is the level of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
What is sustainable design?
This term encompasses the various strategies employed to achieve a balance between the consumption of environmental resources and the removal of those resources throughout the entire life cycle of a building.
What type of conceptual plan arrangement is represented here?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/204/957/682/q_image_thumb.jpg?1488650643)
This is a representation of an axial plan.
What type of volumetric relationship could be used to functionally and perceptually link two spaces?
An overlapping relationship could be used to accomplish this.
What client-approved document should be available to the designer before the schematic design process begins?
Good business practice requires that a client-approved program be available before this phase of work begins
What is the minimum diameter of a circle in which a wheelchair can turn?
The minimum diameter for this is 60 inches (1525 mm).
When a door is approached perpendicularly to its opening, what is the minimum maneuvering clearance for wheelchair access at the strike side of the door opening on the pull side of the door?
The minimum wheelchair maneuvering clearance in this situation is 18 inches (455 mm).
How high above the floor must a grab bar be mounted?
This accessibility feature must be mounted between 33 inches and 36 inches (840 mm and 915 mm) above the floor.
What is the maximum allowance slope for an accessible ramp?
The maximum slope for this accessibility feature is 1 vertical unit for every 12 horizontal units, or 8.33%.
In addition to a specific diameter and mounting height, what other handrail feature is required on an accessible stairway?
On an accessible stairway, this feature must extend beyond the upper and lower risers.
Where are detectable warnings required?
These are required on walking surfaces in front of hazardous vehicular areas.
According to ADAAG regulations, what is the maximum vertical reach dimension for accessibility?
The maximum dimension for this, for either a front or side approach, is 48 inches (1220 mm).
Under previous regulations, a 54 inches (1370 inches) dimension was allowed for a side.
What is the minimum clear floor space required to accommodate one stationary wheelchair?
The minimum clear floor space required for this is 30 inches x 48 inches (760 mm x 1220 mm).
What is the minimum dimension for the space label A?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/205/061/434/q_image_thumb.jpg?1488650690)
The minimum width for this sort of passage is 32 inche
What is the minimum clear width of an accessible toilet stall?
60 inches (1,525 mm) is the minimum clear width for this accessibility feature.
To be classified as accessible, what is the maximum allowable vertical change in floor level?
To be classified as accessible, this construction element must not have a vertical change exceeding 1/4 inches (6mm).
For an accessible ramp, what is the maximum rise allowed between landings?
For an accessible ramp, this must be no more than 30 inches (760 mm)
According to ADAAG regulations, what two types of alarms are required for accessibility?
ADAAG regulations require these to be both audible and visible.
In accessibility regulations, what type of provision might require that a certain percentage of seating in an area be accessible.
This is an example of scoping provisions.
For a corridor in commercial construction, what minimum width is required, and what width is recommended?
The minimum width for this component of a space plan 44 inches (1,118 mm), but a recommended width is 60 inches (1,500 mm).
What are two sustainable types of wood flooring?
Two examples of this are:
- bambo
- palm wood
What type of construction element is shown, and what are the components label A, B, and C?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/205/204/075/q_image_thumb.jpg?1488650740)
Is illustration shows a section of a standard wood doorframe in a wood stud partition, including the stop (component A), the casing trim (component B), and the shim (component C).
What are the components of a fire-rated door assembly?
These consist of the door itself (including glazing, if any), the frame, and the hardware.
What are the three most common types of interior glazing?
The three most common types are:
- float
- tempered
- laminated
What are the primary elements to make bronze?
Copper and tin are used to make this material.
What is a concrete masonry unit?
This building product, abbreviation CMU, is also commonly known as concrete block.
What is a sole plate?
This is a horizontal wood member that serves as the base for the studs in a wood stud partition.
What is mean radiant tempature?
This is a measure of the heat a person gains from or loses to his or her surroundings through radiation. It is used in assessing how comfortable a room is.
The value is a weighted average of the various surface temperatures in a room (taking into account an occupant’s angle of exposure to these surfaces) and any sunlight present.
In terms of wallboard partitions, what are the common differences between residential and commercial construction?
The first trypically uses 2x4 wood studs with 1/2 inch (13 mm) wallboard, while the second trypically uses metal studs with 5/8 inches (16 mm) wallboard.
What are the standard depths of metal studs?
Standard depths for these construction components are 1 5/8”, 2 1/2”, 3 5/8” 4”, and 6” (41, 64, 92, 102, and 152 mm).
What is the generic name for fire-rated gypsum wallboard?
Type X is the generic name of this material.
What are advantages of using portland cement plaster as a finish material?
As a finish material, this has the advantages of being
- hard and abrasion resistant
- water resistant
- easily formed into surve and ornate surfaces
- a good base for wall tile
What are four disadvantages of using portland cement plaster as a finish material?
As a finish material, this has the disadvantages of being
- more expensive than gypsum wallboard
- slower to construct with than gypsum wallboard
- wet and messy to work with
- challenging to work with, thus requiring more-skilled labor
In this diagram of a door opening, what are the componentslabeled A, B, and C?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/205/867/575/q_image_thumb.jpg?1488650825)
The three components shown are
- (A) a head
- (B) a jamb
- (C) a threshold
What is a pivot?
This is a type of hardware used to hang doors.
It consists of a rotating bottom pin and a corresponding pin at the top of the door.
What type of construction element is shown, and what are the components labeled A and B?
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/205/867/793/q_image_thumb.jpg?1488650844)
This illustration shows a suspended gypsum wallboard ceiling, including (A) a cold-rolled steel channel, sometimes called a black iron, and (B) a furring channel, sometimes called a hat channel.
What four characteristics distinguish a fire-rated, suspended acoustical ceiling from a non-rated standard ceiling?
The distinguishing characteristics of this type of ceiling are
- it is only part of an entire fire-rated floor/ ceiling assembly
- its tiles must be rated mineral tiles
- it uses hold-down clips
- it must have expansion slots in the grid
In regards to construction, what is a plenum?
In commercial construction, this is the space between the building structural roof or floor and the suspended ceiling.