Greeks Exam Flashcards
Who built the Parthenon?
The people of Athens (Athena)
Who is Zeus’s child?
Dionysus (wine, intoxication), male
Believing in multiple gods, not a lot of rules
Polytheistic Religion
Believing in one god, many rules
Monotheistic Religion
Why was the Bronze Age so important? Mycenean Era
age of building weapons and tools
What did Ancient greeks believe in?
spiritual and physical planes
the universal dream
myth
the individual myth
dream
“utterance” or “something one says”
mythos
How old is Mythology?
language
For greeks, what is their hell?
Hades
Who is Zeus’s brother?
Hades
What is an oral tradition? (written later)
Myth
Has facial hair
greeks
no facial hair
Romans
Unlike the Bible, in mythology, the stories are not…
Chronological
The Greek gods represent what?
Human traits
What type of universe does Mythology have?
triple layered
Heaven, Earth, Hades
Mt Olympus, place where the gods and goddesses are
heaven
Who were the first known myth writers?
Sumerians
What shape is myth?
Circle
departure, initiation, return
What is the theme of Departure?
discomfort, hero is taken out of his comfort zone
Theme of Initiation?
pain, hero will suffer
Theme of return?
change, hero will be changed from the beginning to end of story
Who razed the Myceneans and plunged Greece in the Dark Age that lasted 300 years?
Dorians
who came before the Myceneans?
Minoans
Where did the Myceneans settle after the Dorians razed Greece?
Ionia, later Troy, then Turkey
Greeks are humanists that emphasize…
this life, not the next
Where did the Dorians settle
southern greece, sparta
who ruins the greek culture in Ionia?
Persia
King of Heaven, wise but unfaithful
Zeus
Jealous and vengeful
Hera
goddess of wisdom and strategy
Athena
Sun God of accomplishment and athletes (good brother to Dionysus)
Apollo
goddess of male sexual desire
aphrodite
god of war (Mars to the Romans) city is sparta, does not get along with Athena
Ares
Who declared himself the sun king therefore comparing himself to the greek god Apollo?
French king louis XIV
who is thought to have controll over the weather?
Zeus, jupiter
How many theories are there on mythical origin?
4
Myths are suppressed desires, god is not real, everyone are animals, we are driven by sexual desire
Freudian Theory
A man muders his father and has sexual relations with his mother
Oedipus Rex by Sophocles
to Freud, what are three parts to the human psyche?
Id (desire), ego (regulates and balances desires), and superego (conscience).
We are all connected and bound by something that predates culture and history
collective unconscious, carl jung
Believed in God, collective unconscious, all of us come from God, all roads lead to God, Sexual desires are there, but spiritual concerns are stronger,
Carl Jung
part of the collective unconscious, tell us who people are, a universal representation like a king
Archetypes
Female aspect of the male pysche
Anima
male aspect of the female psyche
Animus
Negative, dark aspects of the psyche, repressed desires
Shadow
do not like mythology, sexist, all about men, myths are a product of patriarchal communities, only men are considered worthy heroes, male heroes get all the glory, while women do the real work
Feminist Scholars
agrees with Jung and the collective unconscious, every hero is essentially the same, there is a hero who leaves him reluctantly, undergoes trials, and return to his community to teach the tribe
Joseph Campbell
King of heaven
Zeus
queen of heaven
Hera
patron of hunter and nature
Artemis
zeus’s brother, master of the sea
Poseidon
god of war, patron of soldiers
Ares
patron of thieves, couriers, and merchants
Hermes
god of wine and intoxication
Dionysus
patron of athletes, artists, musicians, and the accomplished
Apollo
