Greek Into Persia Flashcards
Historian Heinrich Schliemann
- Myths of Theseus Odysseus
Trojan war
- Homer's Epic to --> TROY
- Discovery of Agamemnon's Palace
^Mulcenae
- Knossos - Crete King Minos
^ Minoan5th Century BCE —>
Created a Thalassocracy
^ Empire of the Seas
2500 BCE wealthy civilization
1. Mediterranean Se
2. Aegean Sea
Extract trade/TRIBUTE
Height --> 1900-1500 BCE
Virtually unassailable
Created textiles, pottery, metal workTribute
When bigger powers force smaller powers to give money
Knossos & Challenges
- Indoor plumbing
- Color paintings
Hallways –> labyrinth
MINOTAUR
Knossos worshipped a
Language –> ???
Linear A
Linear B –> Mycemaen Greek Script
Greece’s Existence Into Bronze Age
1500 BCE -- > citadel
- Rulers were warriors with MARTIAL prowess
- Center of commerce/storage emerges
^ Territorial Kings
- Werfare --> geographical terrain
- Mycenaean rulers --> respected
War leaders
Warrior aristocracy
Palace bureaucracy
Everything else (damos or urban
population)States of the Early Iron Age
Phoenicians
Philistines
Assyrians
Persians
Phoenicians
- Intrepid colonists!
- Cannanites
- Early government
^hereditary Royal government
^ city*^ (what each city had)
AUTONOMY–> LOCALIZATION - (City in Phoenicia) Gubla –> papyrus power house
^Byblos->biblion->book
Greek history begins ________
776 BCE ; 1st Olympiad
Phoenicia (cont.)
- Main commodity LEVANTINE COAST
^purple dye
^^phoinikeai
Specialties of Phoenicia
Cedar glass
Metal work
Ivory carvers
Ships
Colonies/Influence
- Famous Merchants/sea-farers
Colonies emerge
Enter Atlantic Ocean –>
Cornwall (Britain) - Claims of CIRCUM-NAVIGATION Africa
- Citizens establish a place –> Tyre->Carthage (Tunisiz)
- cultural INFLUENCE
Alphabet -> 22 letter system
^24 Greek
A (alpha) B (Beta)
alphabeta
The Philistines
- Levantine Coast
- ENEMY of Old Testament
- Known by MATERIALS
- grape vines introduced to region
- Rise of powerful armies
^monopoly of metal making - Centralized Power
^Pentopolis (five cities)
^ 3 Sea towns, 2 inland - Control Trade
The Hebrews & Scripture
- Levantine Coast
- History is “sacred text”
^mythology, law, ritual,
genealogy, prophecy, etc. - First five books –> Moses
^cultural communities REGION - Ruled by 12 tribes –> defended
- Judges Rules
- HEBREW KINGDOM
- SAMUEL –> Judge
1. Saul is dethroned
2. DAVID
Emergence of Hebrew Kingdom
10,000 BCE --> David's victory
- expansion of power
- TAXATION designed to create city of Jerusalem
^unpopular
3. Solomon 973-937 BCE
^Known for WISDOM
^Luxury -> "cause" of all evil
927 BCE --> approx.
^Split of Kingdom
North --> Israel
South--> JudahAssyrian Empire
- Revival 9th century BCE –> ASSURNASIRPAL II
~ aggressive campaigns
~ conquered 1. tribute 2. Die
^Quick changes
NEO-ASSYRIAN GOVT.
~military dictatorship
~HEAD of govt–> heredity: ASSUR
~leader–> also religious–> sacrifice was necessary to please gods
Military-Religious Ethos
2 Waging Holy War
~exactions of tribute
-Worship expands through conquest
-gods" --> Assus (humiliated)
-Tribute--> Plunder
-100,000 ft soldiers (full-time)Legacy of Assyrians
1. reconstruction of Ninevah
^a mile walled city
2. culturally-->Lib e NirevaL
^Mesopotamian texts copied & recorded
3. Ninevah destroyed after death A II
4. Treaty to secure land
5. Chaldeans
^conquer JerusalemPerson Empire
-descendants of Chaldean & Lydian Kingdom
- 559 BCE –> one tribe rules by Prince Cyrus
- Expands rule –> 549 (Medes)
- Cyrus expands region
^Lydia (coinage)
^ CROESUS- Most rich empire
