Greek history Flashcards
What legacy did Alexander the Great leave behind?
Although Alexander’s empire did not last long he had on lease changes that would ripple across the Mediterranean world in the Middle East for centuries.
Alexander’s most lasting achievement was the spread of Greek culture.
Across the Empire local people assimilated(or absorbed)
In turn, Greek settlers adopted local customs.
How did Alexander the great encourage the blending of eastern and western culture?
Alexander had encountered this blending by marrying a Persian woman and adopting Persian customs.
3 most famous Greek philosophers.
Socrates- develop Socratic method whereby a series of questions are posed in order to challenging implications of answers.
Plato-emphasized importance of reading and believed the ideal state should regulate every aspect of citizens’ lives to provide for their best interest.
Aristotle- Favored rule by single strong and virtuous leaders. Also taught good conduct meant pursuing.
What did the geography of Greece prevent?
It prevented the Greeks from creating a large United empire.
Instead they built many small city states, cut off from one another by mountains or water.
Oligarchy
A government in which power is in the hands of a small, powerful elite, usually from the business class.
How was the purpose of education different in Athens and Sparta?
In Athens, boys received education in many areas(not just military training) and girl were inferior(not equal).
In Sparta, All boys received military training and girls were raised to produce healthy sons for the Army.
What were the Persian Wars?
Despite their cultural ties, the Greek city-states were often in conflict with each other.
However, the threat of the powerful empire United the Greek city-states. United, the city-states defeated the Persians and ended the threat.
What was the impact of the wars?
- Victory over the Persians increased the Greeks’ sense of their own uniqueness.
- Athens emerged as the most powerful city state.
- Athens used the Delian league to create an Athenian Empire.
Athens under Pericles
Periclean Athens was a direct democracy. In this form of government, large numbers of citizens take part in the day to day affairs of government. This meant Athenian men participated in the Assembly and served on juries.
Pericles hired architects and sculptors to rebuild the Acropolis. Pericles turned Athens into the cultural center of Greece.
Pericles gave a speech at the funeral of Athenians slain in battle, which is considered to be one of the earliest and greatest expressions of democratic ideas.
Peloponnesian Wars
Cause & Effect
CAUSE- Many Greeks outside of Athens resented Athenian domination. Sparta formed the Peloponnesian league to rival the Delian League. Sparta encouraged oligarchy, while Athens supported democracy.
EFFECT- Athenian domination of the Greek world ended. Athens recovered economically and remained the cultural center of Greece. Democratic government suffered. Corruption and selfish interests replaced older ideals such as service to the city state.
What was Alexander’s the great first victory?
What did he go on to conquer?
Alexander the great won his first victory against the Persians at the Granicus River.
He then conquered the Asia minor, Palestine, Egypt and Babylon
Describe the fact that although city-states rivaled each other, they were also bound by one another.
Greece is part of the Balkan Peninsula, but mountains divide the peninsula into isolated valleys. Off the Greek mainland are hundreds of small islands that prevented the Greeks from creating a large empire, so instead they built many small city states, cut off from one another by mountains or water.
What is Jason’s quest?
To find the Golden Fleece ??
How can a country be both a democracy and a monarchy at the same time?
Royal families are figureheads; they have no actual power. Instead they act as symbols of the countries they act as symbols of the countries they represent.
(Britain??)
The Evolution of Democracy
Trials were an important part of government developed by the citizen of Athens. They developed a new form of government called democracy.
Examples:
Athens- 1st democracy, direct democracy
United States- Example of a representative democracy or democratic republic.
