Greek Flashcards

1
Q

What did the people of Greece become

A

The seafaring nation

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2
Q

Why did Greece become a seafaring nation

A

Because of its central position and because it had lots of natural harbours, dry mountain terrain and mild Mediterranean weather

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3
Q

What did being the seafaring nation help them to do

A

They had contact with a wide variety of cultures from the other countries with whom they traded and learnt about agriculture and metalwork techniques

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4
Q

What was the Bronze Age

A

The establishment of the first cities in this area

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5
Q

What was the Minoan period

A

A culture specific to the region around Crete developed and dominated the region around 2500 BC

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6
Q

When did the Cretan culture collapse

A

After a volcanic eruption around 1400-1500BC

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7
Q

Who took advantage of the collapse of the Cretans

A

The Myecenaeans from the mainland of Greece

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8
Q

What was the Mycenaean culture

A

A culture cased on warfare

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9
Q

What happened to the money that the Mycenaean warlords were gathering

A

It was not being shared

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10
Q

Who were the Myecenaeans overthrown by

A

The Dorian tribes or groups within its own tribe

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11
Q

When did the first monumental freestanding sculpture appear

A

In the army stages of the archaic period

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12
Q

What were the kouros

A

The male statues

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13
Q

What were the kore

A

The female statues

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14
Q

What did the kouros wear

A

They were nude

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15
Q

What did the kore wear

A

The were clothed

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16
Q

Why did the Greeks create these sculptures

A

The reason was not always clear. Sometimes there were funerary monument while others were found in sanctuaries where they were placed as offerings to the gods.

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17
Q

What did these statues represent

A

They did not represent specific people or god, but rather the idea of youthfulness and vigour (a stage of life that humans experience for a short period of time, while gods experience it eternally). The young men may also have represented self-confidence and pride in physical appearance associated with a male dominated society where the superiority of male strength and beauty was constantly admired and celebrated.

18
Q

What did the use of youth as subject matter and the increasing attempts at portraying people in a naturalistic style lead to

A

It led to the archaic artists portraying idealistic versions of young men and women and avoiding the portrayal of specific people

19
Q

Who was one of the famous kouroi

A

Kouros from Tenea. He was a funerary monument.

20
Q

What are the characteristics of the Greek sculptures

A

Rigid attitude, clenched fists, arms next to body, one foot slightly forward, raised heat looking strait ahead

21
Q

What aspects of the kouros are emphasised and what do they contribute to

A

Broad shoulders, developed pectoral and calf muscles, narrowness of waist and the roundness of the things and buttocks all contribute to the athletic look of the statue

22
Q

What is the defined facial features

A

The archaic smile and the impassive stare and stylised long flowing hair

23
Q

what are the different stages of Greece

A

Archaic period
Classical period
Hellenistic period
Late Hellenistic or Greco-roman period

24
Q

What was the piece of classical architecture

A

The Parthenon

25
What were most significant buildings
Shrines or temples to the gods
26
What did statues on the buildings communicate
Important aspects about the gods the buildings honoured
27
Where did the Greeks derive the use if the post and lintel technique from
The Egyptians
28
What did the Greek do differently to the Egyptians
They turned the Egyptian buildings inside out by using the columns as support for the outer framework of the rope.
29
What was the main purpose of the Parthenon
To house the Greek go, Athena
30
How does the parthenon differ from other Greek temples
It is wider, 8 columns instead of 6. It has 2 windowless chanmbers
31
What was the discobolos
It was originally created in bronze by the Greek sculptor Myron
32
What was Myron known for
Creating realistic sculptures
33
Why did the discobolos become very popular amongst the Greek
Because if the representation fo the athletic ideal
34
What do the early classical sculptures show
That sculptors were free from the rigid poses of the archaic period
35
How was the placement of the arms and legs of the discobolos strategic
It distributes the body weight
36
Is emotions shown
No, although there is a dramatic action, his face is emotion;es
37
What is no emotion a sign of
Strength and power with the excellence of an athlete
38
What is an example of a Hellenistic sculpture
The Laocoon.
39
What do Hellenistic works look like
The seen exaggerated and emotional when seen next to classical sculptures
40
What is the Laocoon
It is a group sculpture from the late Hellenistic period
41
Who was the maecoon carved by
Rhodeians hagesadrus, polydorus and athenodorus
42
What does the lad ion represent
A Trojan priest, Laecoon, and his sons antiphants and thymbaeus. The priest who defined one of the gods, was punished by the god by sending 2 sea serpents to attack him as he was about to make an offering to the temple