GREECE Flashcards
How is Greece’s geography different than Egypt and Mesopotamia?
- 70 to 80% of it is covered with mountains
- There are no large rivers
- Rocky land=only 20-30% of land good for farming
Name two ways Greece’s geography influenced trade?
- It was on the sea
- It had harbors and seaports and trading partners
- It had a long coastline (like a sea highway)
- Ionian and Aegean Sea weren’t large and could be easily sailed)
What are two characteristics of the Greek gods that can be seen in their myths?
REGULARLY IN PEOPLES LIVES!!!
SHOWED HUMAN EMOTIONS!!
Who created the Greek alphabet?
THE PHOENICIANS!!!!
What happened in Homer’s epic poem, the Iliad?
The Greeks sent a “victory prize” to the Trojans in the form of a Trojan Horse. The Trojans wheeled it into the city walls. The Greeks inside attacked, destroyed and captured the city, rescued Helen and took her home.
What are two ways that religious beliefs influenced Greek ways of life for the common person?
- They tried to honor the gods and prevent them from being angry
- They built statues and temples to worship them
In Greek, the word for city-state was…
POLIS
The upper class in Greece was called the…
ARISTOCRACY
How was as Greek citizen different than an Egyptian or Mesopotamian citizen?
Greek: must be a free, landowning male, can vote, serve in the gov, and fight for their country
Egypt/Meso: no rights, no voice in gov, no choice but to obey the rulers
What is a monarchy?
•The earliest form of Greek government that is led by a king or queen with supreme power
What is an Agora?
•An open area used as a marketplace and center for political debates. Located outside the Acropolis.
What is a democracy?
- All citizens take part
* Decisions made by voting
What is the difference between an Athenian style direct democracy and U.S. style indirect democracy?
Greece: Direct-ALL citizens meet to decide on laws
U.S.: Representative-people ELECT representatives to make the laws
Name two ways Greece was organized into different political systems.
- The rugged geography divided it into small regions
- It was divided into city-states
- Each city-state had its own form of government
Give two goals that Pericles had as a leader of Athens.
- strengthening democracy
- beautifying Athens
- expanding the empire
Name two of Solon’s accomplishments.
- He freed people who had become slaves because of debts
* He made a law that nobody could be enslaved
What was Darius I known for? Name Three.
- Ruled Persia
- Divided empire (because it was huge!) into provinces
- Appointed a governor, called a Satrap for each province
How did the Greeks win at the Battle of Marathon
•They attacked the Persians in the water when they weren’t ready. 10,000 troops defeated the 20,000 Persian troops.
What was Plato, the Greek philosopher known for?
He wrote “The Republic” saying that the Greek government should be run by only philosophers because they were smart.
What were two consequences of the Peloponnesian War?
- As many as 1/3 of the population of Athens was killed by plague including Pericles himself.
- The great Athenian navy was destroyed when Sparta won.
- Phillip II of Macedon was able to sweep in and conquer the weakened city-states of Greece.
What does “Hellenistic” mean?
- “Like the Greeks”
* It is a culture based on a mix of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, Indian and Roman styles and customs
Who were the first people to create a civilization in Greece?
MYCENAENS
