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Greece Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the main mountain range in Greece?

A
  • Pindos, it forms the spine of Greece, it is the southernmost extension of the central Alps
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2
Q

What is the tallest peak of Greece? Where is it located?

A
  • Mount Olympus
  • mark the northeastern boundary between Thessaly and Macedonia
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3
Q

What are the two PDO in Greece that is using international varieties?

A
  • the Slopes of Meliton
  • Messenikola
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4
Q

True or False for a PDO, 85% of the grape must be grown and vinified within the appellation

A
  • False, 100%
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5
Q

In Greece, what are the three levels of PGI?

A
  • Regional
  • District
  • Area
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6
Q

True or False for a PGI, 85% of the grape must be grown and vinified within the appellation

A
  • True for the origin of the grapes, but it should be vinified within the PGI
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7
Q

What are the two traditional PGIs of Greece ?

A
  • Verdea
  • Retsina
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8
Q

What is Verdea?

A
  • a traditional PGI
  • oxidized white wine from the Ionian island Zakynthos
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9
Q

What is Retsina?

A
  • a traditional PGI
  • aromaized wine wih he resin of pine tree
  • cannot be labeled with a vintage
  • the Aleppo pine trees sap must be added during the first half of fermentation (can account for 0.15 to 1.0% of the wine’s final volume
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10
Q

What are the grape varieties allowed for Retsina?

A
  • Savatiano
  • Roditis (if used as rosé Retsina, it is called Kokkineli)
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11
Q

What is Tsipouro?

A
  • Greek grappa
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12
Q

What are the restriction of a Greek vinsanto?

A
  • min 51% Assyrtiko, with Aidani and Athiri
  • grapes must be dried, with or without fortification (fortification is rarely if ever practiced)
  • aged in barrel for a minimum of two years
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13
Q

Define a Grand Cru Greek wine

A
  • Vin doux naturel fortified with Tsipouro
  • From a select group of vineyards, which are generally at a high elevation and are subject to stricter maximum yields
  • Only applicable to certain muscats and sweet liatiko from Crete’s Daphnes PDO
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14
Q

What is Theophastus?

A
  • a mixture of hard but aromatic wine from Heraclea with soft Erythraean (a salted wine) which lacks bouquet
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15
Q

What is the traditional vine training in Santorini? Why are they using this technique?

A
  • Kouloura or Stefani, a low-lying basket shape
  • to keep the morning fog moisture
  • to protect from the intense wind
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16
Q

What is the traditional vine training in Cyclades?

A
  • Aplotaries, a unsupported vine training, the old wood extends horizontally, it creates a floor covering of vines
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17
Q

Where is located the city Thessaloniki?

A
  • Macedonia
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18
Q

Where can we find an important amount of Debina grape?

A
  • Zitsa in Epirus
  • 100% Debina
  • Is a white grape
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19
Q

What is the most commonly planted indigenous grape variety in Greece?

A
  • Savatiano
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20
Q

What is the color of Roditis grape?

A
  • pink
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21
Q

What is the color of Moschofilero grape?

A
  • pink
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22
Q

What is the wine region between the Aegean Sea and Bulgaria?

A
  • Thrace
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23
Q

What are the two major grape varieties in Thrace?

A
  • Mavroudi (red)
  • Limnio (red)
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24
Q

Which region is considered as “the Tuscany of Greece”?

A
  • Macedonia
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25
What are the 3 countries that border Macedonia?
- Albania - Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia - Bulgaria
26
What are the three Xinomavro oriented PDO in Macedonia? Are they all 100% Xinomavro?
- Amynteo - Goumenissa - Naoussa - Amynteo and Naoussa are 100% Xinomavro, Goumenissa must be fermented with at least 20% of Negoska
27
What style of wine is produced in Amynteo?
- Red - Rosé - Sparkling rosé or blanc de noirs
28
What is the minimum aging of Goumenissa PDO?
- must be aged in oak for at least 12 months
29
What style of wine is produced in Naoussa?
- Red
30
What style of wine is produced in Goumenissa?
- Red
31
Name an important producer in Naoussa?
- Argatia winery - Boutari - Tsantalis - Kir-Yianni
32
What is the sole estate in Slopes of Meliton?
- Domaine Porto Carras
33
What are the grape varieties used for a white Slopes of Meliton?
- Assyrtiko - Athiri - Roditis
34
What are the grape varieties used for a red Slopes of Meliton?
- Limnio based - Cabernet sauvignon and or Cabernet franc
35
What is the famous oenologist of Domaine Porto Carras?
- Evangelos Gerovassiliou
36
What is the sole PDO of Epirus?
- Zitsa
37
What is the average altitude of Zitsa?
- 700m
38
What are the two major natural features of Zitsa?
- Pindos mountains to the east - Ionian Sea to the west
39
What style of wine is produced in Zitsa?
- White - Sparkling
40
What is the particular wine produced by Ktima Glinavos in Epirus?
- Paleokerisio - it is made in the style in which the old people of the region liked their wine – skin fermented, off dry, semi-sparkling. This is the original orange wine in Greece - the grapes are Debina and Vlahico
41
What is the white wine PDO of Thessalia?
- Achialos - blend of 80% Roditis and 20% Savatiano - oak aging is forbidden
42
What is the PDO in Thessalia that allowed international grape varieties?
- Messenikola - Mavro Messenikola with a maximum combined total of 30% Carignan and syrah
43
What is the major producer of Messenikola?
- Monsieur Nicolas winery
44
What is the smallest PDO but most important of Thessaly?
- Rapsani - Xinomavro based, cofermented with Stavroto and Krassato
45
What are the major producers of Rapsani?
- Dougos winery - Ktima Katsaros - Tsantali
46
Which PDO is at the foothills of Mount Olympus?
- Rapsani
47
What is the major wine style produced in Central Greece?
- Retsina
48
What are the major grape varieties in Central Greece?
- Savatiano (90% of production in Attica) - Roditis
49
Tripoli is located in which wine region?
- Peloponnese
50
Where is located Skouras Megas Oenos?
- in Nemea, but not labeled with the PDO, blend of Agiorgitiko and Cabernet Sauvignon
51
Which grape is named the “blood of Hercules”?
- Agiorgitiko
52
Koutsi is a renowned cru of which PDO?
- Nemea
53
Which grape variety is allowed for Nemea PDO?
- 100% Agiorgitiko
54
What style of wine is produced in Nemea PDO?
- Red - Sweet
55
What grape varieties are allowed for Mantinia PDO?
- min 85% Moschofilero - 15% indigenous grapes (local term: Asproudes)
56
What style of wine is produced in Mantinia PDO?
- Dry white or Vin gris style made by skin contact - Sparkling
57
What grape varieties are allowed for Patras PDO?
- 100% Roditis
58
What style of wine is produced in Patras PDO?
- Dry white only
59
What grape varieties are allowed for Mavrodaphne of Patras PDO?
- min 51% Mavrodaphne - Corinthiaki
60
What style of wine is produced in Mavrodaphne of Patras PDO?
- Always fortified as mistelle or VDN
61
What is the minimum aging of Mavrodaphne of Patras PDO?
- a year
62
What is the minimum aging of Mavrodaphne of Patras Reserve?
- 3 years with 2 years in cask
63
Where is located the producer Gentillini?
- Cephalonia, Ionian Islands
64
What is the minimum aging of Mavrodaphne of Patras Grande Reserve?
- 7 years with 3 years in cask and 3 in bottle
65
What grape varieties are allowed for Muscat of Rio Patras and Muscat of Patras PDO?
- Muscat blanc à petits grains
66
What style of wine is produced in Muscat of Rio Patras and Muscat of Patras PDO?
- VDL - VDN - Vinification of dried fruits
67
What grape varieties are allowed for Monemvasia – Malvasia PDO?
- min 51% Monemvasia - Assyrtiko, Asproudes, Kydonitsa
68
What style of wine is produced in Monemvasia – Malvasia PDO?
- Sweet (grapes must be dried) - Fortified (optional)
69
What is the minimum aging of Monemvasia – Malvasia PDO?
- 2 years in barrel
70
Where are located the PDOs in Ionian Islands?
- on Cephalonia
71
What are the three PDO on Cephalonia?
- Robola of Cephalonia - Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia - Muscat of Cephalonia
72
What grape varieties are used for the traditional wine of Verdea?
- min 50% Skiadipoulo - Pavlos, Robola, Goustolidi
73
What style of wine is produced in Robola of Cephalonia?
- Dry white
74
What style of wine is produced in Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia?
- Forified Sweet Red - Fortified during fermentation with alcohol of vinous origin (minimum 95% ABV)
75
What grape varieties are used for Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia?
- Mavrodaphne - max 49% Mavri Korinthiaki
76
What style of wine is produced in Muscat of Cephalonia?
- Vin doux - VDN, may be grand cru - VND
77
Which island is also included in Santorini PDO?
- Thirassia
78
What is the major wind of Santorini?
- Meltemi wind
79
Where can we find the highest concentration of vineyard on Santorini?
- Central and western part
80
What’s the name of the volcanic soil in Santorini?
- Aspa
81
Is there phylloxera in Santorini?
- No, phylloxera-free, but also Phylloxera-immune. There’s 0% clay
82
What is the average density planting on Santorini?
- 2,500 vines/hectare
83
What is the maximum yields in Santorini?
- 60 hl/ha – the lowest of Greece
84
Can you name producers in Santorini?
- Ktima Argyros - Hatzidakis - Sigalas winery
85
What is one of the most expensive wine of Greece in Santorini?
-20 years old vinsanto from Argyros
86
What is a Nykteri wine?
- No specific rules - Dry white from Santorini - 75% Assyrtiko with Athiri and Aidani - Overripe grapes - Aged in oak - Traditionally picked during night (nychta = night) - min 13,5% alcohol - min of extraction and min of contact with air
87
What is a Brusco wine?
- could be white, rosé or red - traditionally locals were not able to gather a large quantity of fruit in a day. When enough was picked (after a week or so), they could start the fermentation but the oxidation and extraction of phenolics were intense
88
What in Mezzo in Santorini?
- style close to Vinsanto - only red grapes are used, mainly Mandilaria - less dried than vinsanto, fewer than 10 days
89
Define a Greek Vinsanto
- Vin Santo (Vino Santorini) - min 51% Assyrtiko - dried to 370 g/l must weight - aged for min 2 years in barrel (500l or larger)
90
What is the sole appellation who require white grape for red wine in Greece?
- Red from Paros - Madilaria based (this grape is so rich in anthocyanins) - must be co-fermented with Monemvasia
91
What’s the PDO for sweet wine in Paros?
- Malvasia of Paros (VDN or just sundried)
92
What are the subregions of Rhodes?
- Zone A - Zone B (the best sites)
93
True of false, Rhodes has never been affected by Phylloxera
- true
94
What are the major grapes of Rhodes PDO?
- White: min 70% Athiri with muscat and assyrtiko - Red: Mandilaria (also known as Amorgiano (min 70% for PDO), malagousia, mavrothiriko
95
What style of wine is produced in Rhodes?
- dry white - sweet - rosé - red - tradition of sparkling production
96
What are the two PDO of Rhodes?
- Rhodes - Muscat of Rhodes
97
What is the synonym of Moschato Aspro?
- Muscat blanc à petits grains
98
What is the first appellation in Greece?
- Samos (1934): - PDO for Muscat blanc à petits grains - VDN - VDN Grand cru - VDL - Natural sweet wine
99
What style of Muscat is planted on Lemnos?
- Muscat of Alexandria
100
What is the red grape variety used on Lemnos?
- Limnio, here called Kalambaki
101
What are the most important white grape varieties in Crete?
- Vidiano - Vilana
102
What are the most important red grape varieties in Crete?
- Liatiko - Kotsifali - Mandelaria - Syrah
103
In Crete, the majority of vineyard are on the northern half or southern?
- Northern, the southern is quite warm with the impact of African winds
104
What are the PDO in Crete from west to east?
- Chandaka Candia & Malvasia Chandakas Candia - Dafnes - Archanes - Peza - Sitia & Malvasia Sitia
105
What is the sole grape variety allowed for Daphnes PDO?
- Liatiko
106
Which PDO in Crete grow only Liatiko as red grapes?
- Daphnes - Chandaka Candia - Sitia
107
In Greece, speaking of 'Oinos', or 'Epitrapezios Oinos', what do we refer to ?
- Table Wine
108
In Greece, speaking of 'Liastos', what do we refer to ?
- Sun-dried wine
109
Which Greek PDO produce 100% Monemvassia grape, white wines ?
- Paros PDO
110
General aging for a 'Grande Réserve' red wine from Aegean Islands ?
- 48 mt total - 18 mt oak - 18 mt botle
111
General aging for a 'Grande Réserve' white wine from Aegean Islands ?
- 24 mt total - 12 mt oak - 6 mt bottle
112
What is he aging requirement for a 'Liastos' wine from Aegean Islands ?
- Sun-dried grape wine - Min. 24 mt oxydative aging in barrel
113
General aging for a 'Réserve' red wine from Aegean Islands ?
- 24 mt total - 12 mt oak - 6 mt bottle
114
General aging for a 'Réserve' white wine from Aegean Islands ?
- 12 mt total - 6 mt oak - 3 mt bottle
115
Speaking of 'Samos Nectar', what do we refer to ?
- Similar to Vin de Paille - Dried grapes (Moschato Aspro) - Aged 36 mt prior to release
116
What is the traditonal vine training for Assyrtiko in Santorini ?
- Stefani
117
What are the two highest elevated PDOs of Greece ?
- Patras - Samos - can reach 900m.
118
In Greece, speaking of 'Vino di Sasso', what do we refer to ?
- Robolla based wines - From Robola of Cephalonia PDO - Vino di Sasso = Stone wine - Past name given by Italians
119
What are the four flagships grape varieals of Greece ?
- Xinomavro - Assyriko - Agiorgitiko - Moschofilero
120
Which greek varietals can be compared to Gewurztraminer ?
- Moschofilero
121
In Greece, speaking of 'Kataboladi', what do we refer to ?
- Marcottage - A grower buries a cane from a living vine in the ground to generate a new plant
122
What means the therm pezoules in Greek?
- Terraces
123
What is the ratio of production for PGI in Greece?
- it represent 62.47% of production in Greece
124
What is the minimum Assyrtiko for white Santorini PDO?
- 85%
125
Trifolos, Fytia and Ramnista are crus of which PDO?
- Naoussa
126
Who is renowned to bring back the Malagousia grape variety?
- Evangelos Gerovassiliou
127
Who vinifies 95% of fruit from Rapsani?
- Tsantali, they actually does not own vineyards in Rapsani
128
What historic wine of Greece is made in a style similar to Sherry and may have flor?
- Verdea, on island of Zynkathos

Greece (1 decks)

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