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greece Flashcards

1
Q

Region of Persia located?

A

Located in present day southwestern Iran, east of mesopotamia (the empire stretched from asia minor to the hindu kush mountains)

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2
Q

Secret to Cyrus the Greats success as a ruler

A

He used tolerance or sympathy for beliefs and practices of others (ex. After winning the war he showed mercy to the conquered king and let them keep there throne)

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3
Q

Under Darius, How far did the Persian empire Stretch

A

2800 miles from india to europe

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4
Q

How did Darius rule his large empire?

A

He avoided problems and he was a wise ruler

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5
Q

What is Cyrus Cylinder?

A

ancient declaration of human rights

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6
Q

What did Darius the great accomplish

A
  • expanded the empire to its largest size
  • developed an Imperial Bureaucracy to govern his massive empire
  • also ruled with mercy and tolerance
  • started the use of standard money and the Royal road
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7
Q

Imperial Bureaucracy

A

Provinces

  • satraps (governors)
  • Army leader
  • Tax collector
  • Appointed by darius
  • keep culture
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8
Q

Zoroastrianism

A
  • Human soul being fought over by 2 armies ( good vs evil)

- largest followers in india

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9
Q

What 3 factors influenced Greek civilization

A

-seas
-land
-climate
( influenced the political, social, economical, development of ancient greece )

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10
Q

The land factors

A
  • mountains enabled Greeks to live in isolation
  • only 20% of land was suitable for farming
  • colonized lands for farming
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11
Q

The Seas

A
  • The aegean sea
  • The ionian Sea
    -The mediterranean
    Had to rely on sea trade
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12
Q

The climate

A
  • moderate climate allowed outdoor lifestyle
  • outdoor theaters
  • Agora (marketplace)
  • Religious ceremonies
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13
Q

The Minoans

A
  • seafarers and traders
  • polytheistic
  • strong navy
  • spread culture throughout greece
  • relatively prosperous people
  • mysterious end
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14
Q

The mycenaeans

A
  • settled in mainland greece

- Invaded crete and adopted minoan culture

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15
Q

The trojan war

A

famous 10 year war between mycenaeans and trojan

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16
Q

The dorians

A
  • Early greeks who settled in Mycenae
  • considered less advanced than the mycenaeans
  • No trade/written records
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17
Q

HOMER

A
  • considered the greatest storyteller of his time
  • known for epics the Iliad and The odyssey
  • talked about how gods and goddess influenced the lives of humans
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18
Q

The origins the greek civilization

A

Crete a civilization that is located 150 off mainland greece

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19
Q

Why do historians rely on archaeologist evidence in order to learn about the minoans?

A

because they cant read there language

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20
Q

How did minoans develop there wealth

A

trade across the mediterranean

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21
Q

Why did the Minoans not see a need for building walls

A

They had a strong navy controlling the seas

22
Q

Possible factors that could have contributed to the decline of the minoans

A

Natural disaster and invasions from mainland greece

23
Q

What group copied and then conquered the minoan civilization

A

The mycenaeans

24
Q

Significance of Mycenaean decline

A

People abandoned cities, trade halted, and the economy floundered

25
Q

Setting for homers epic poems and who was involved

A

Trojan war and believed that greeks and Anatolian city or troy were in battles

26
Q

Why did the greeks lack suitable farming land

A

They had hot,dry, and mountainous countryside land

27
Q

why did greece establish colonies overseas? Near what body of water were they located

A

They didn’t have enough farmland to make enough food. They settled near the black and mediterranean seas

28
Q

What trade flourished due to colonies overseas

A

sea trade

29
Q

What did wide ranging sea encourage

A

cultural diffusion

30
Q

examples of Greek cultural diffusion

A

military skills

31
Q

what did greeks get from the phoenicians

A

city states, colonization, and sea trade

32
Q

Who were citizens in Athens and who wasn’t?

A

Citizens were free adult men

non citizens were women, slaves, foreigners

33
Q

What did solon do for athens

A

He enacted reforms that helped reduce the growing gad between the rich and poor

34
Q

What did Cleisthenes do for athens

A
  • expanded the democracy by giving every citizen equal rights
  • created legislative body who members were randomly picked
35
Q

What is an Agora

A

large open space in the middle of a city state that had a market place and government buildings

36
Q

what were all citizens expected to do

A

vote and serve in the government

37
Q

what is an acropolis?

A

an upper citystate stoned wall fortress, was the last line of defence of invasion

38
Q

what did greeks call city states

A

polis

39
Q

geographic feature that made it hard for city states to communicate and trade

A

High mountains surrounded by plains and valleys

40
Q

In what way were city states similar and different

A

Similarities: common language, religion, heritage, and culture
Differences: own sets of customs/laws

41
Q

what group of people challenged the aristocracy

A

Growing merchant class and they gained power from trade expanding

42
Q

what ways did tyrants help people

A

They gave farms to landless and work to the unemployed

43
Q

sparta’s government

A
  • power in the hands of a few people
  • mix of kings, elected officials, and ruling class
  • council of elders( shared power with kings)
  • able to maintain a balance of power and stability
44
Q

Sparta’s Economy

A
  • agriculture based
  • Helots
  • little participation in trade
45
Q

sparta’s education

A

Boys education; focused on military

girls education: formal education with PE

46
Q

Women in sparta

A
  • had more freedom than other women in greece

- EXPECTATIONS: strong, and produce more soldiers(not citizens)

47
Q

Athens government

A

democracy

  • citizens assembly
  • council of 500
  • little power for elected officials
48
Q

Athenian economy

A
  • trade
  • the agora
  • currency
49
Q

Education Athens

A
  • educated by mother until 6 or 7
  • school from 6-14
  • Focused on academics
  • military training at 18
  • more wealth=better education
  • no education for girls
50
Q

Women in athens

A
  • not citizens
  • wealthy women(less freedom)
  • poor women( had more freedom due to work)
  • could be priestesses
51
Q

Who were helots

A

state owned slaves captured from conquered lands

52
Q

when did athenians invent democracy

A

508 BC

Greece (1 decks)

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