Grecia y Roma Clasicas

Question 1

Pericles

Answer 1

A statesman of ancient Greece, who tried to unite the country under the leadership of his own city, Athens. He also promoted democracy.

Question 2

Aristotle

Answer 2

Greek philosopher and scientist who wrote about virtually every area of knowledge, including most of the sciences.

Question 3

Direct democracy

Answer 3

forms of direct participation of citizens in democratic decision making.

Question 4

Philip II of Macedon

Answer 4

the king of the kingdom of Macedon from 359 BC until his assassination in 336 BC. He was a member of the Argead dynasty of Macedonian kings, the third son of King Amyntas III of Macedon, and father of Alexander the Great and Philip III.

Question 5

Diocletian-

Answer 5

was a Roman emperor from 284 to 305. Born to a family of low status in Dalmatia, Diocletian rose through the ranks of the military to become a cavalry commander of the Emperor Carus’s army

Question 6

Augustus caesar:

Answer 6

Returning to Rome in triumph, Octavian added the title Augustus (meaning “sacred” or “exalted”) to his adopted surname, Caesar, and remained imperator for life. The vast Roman Empire, long contested by consuls and generals, was now firmly in the grasp of an emperor: Augustus Caesar.

Question 7

punic wars:

Answer 7

a series of three wars between the Roman Republic and the Carthaginian (Punic) empire.

Question 8

The Roman Republic

Answer 8

was the era of classical Roman civilization, led by the Roman people, beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire.

Question 9

peloponnesian Wars

Answer 9

a war fought for supremacy in Greece from 431 to 404 bc, in which Athens and her allies were defeated by the league centred on Sparta.

Question 10

Constantine

Answer 10

Or also known as Constantine the Great was a Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337.

Question 11

iliad and odyssey-

Answer 11

The Iliad tells the story of the Greek struggle to rescue Helen, a Greek queen, from her Trojan captors. The Odyssey takes the fall of the city of Troy as its starting point and crafts a new epic around the struggle of one of those Greek warriors, the hero Odysseus.

Question 12

Sappho

Answer 12

630 – c. 570 BC) was an Archaic Greek poet from the island of Lesbos.

Question 13

Carthage

Answer 13

was an ancient Phoenician city-state and civilization

Question 14

Plato

Answer 14

was an Athenian philosopher during the Classical period in Ancient Greece, founder of the Platonist school of thought, and the Academy, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world.

Question 15

Stoics

Answer 15

a member of the ancient philosophical school of Stoicism

Question 16

Doric-

Answer 16

was one of the three orders of ancient Greek and later Roman architecture; the other two canonical orders were the Ionic and the Corinthian

Question 17

Cyrus the Great,

Answer 17

also called Cyrus II, (born 590–580 BCE, Media, or Persis [now in Iran]—died c. 529, Asia), conqueror who founded the Achaemenian empire, centred on Persia and comprising the Near East from the Aegean Sea eastward to the Indus River. He is also remembered in the Cyrus legend—first recorded by Xenophon, Greek soldier and author, in his Cyropaedia—as a tolerant and ideal monarch who was called the father of his people by the ancient Persians. In the Bible he is the liberator of th

Question 18

The Hellenistic period

Answer 18

covers the period of Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year.

Question 19

Constantine

Answer 19

Or also known as Constantine the Great was a Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337. Born in Naissus, Dacia Mediterranea, he was the son of Flavius Constantius, an Illyrian army officer who became one of the four emperors of the Tetrarchy.

Question 20

alexandria:

Answer 20

After conquering Syria in 332 BCE, Alexander the Great swept down into Egypt with his army. He founded Alexandria in the small port town of Rhakotis by the sea and set about the task of turning it into a great capital.

Question 21

stoicism:

Answer 21

an ancient Greek school of philosophy founded at Athens by Zeno of Citium. The school taught that virtue, the highest good, is based on knowledge; the wise live in harmony with the divine Reason (also identified with Fate and Providence) that governs nature, and are indifferent to the vicissitudes of fortune and to pleasure and pain.

Question 22

Corinthian:

Answer 22

relating to the lightest and most ornate of the three ancient Greek architectural orders distinguished especially by its large capitals decorated with carved acanthus leave.

Question 23

ionic

Answer 23

of or relating to the ancient Greek architectural order distinguished especially by fluted columns on bases and scroll volutes in its capitals — see order illustration.

Question 24

Zoroastrianism

Answer 24

is one of the world’s oldest monotheistic religions, having originated in ancient Persia. It contains both monotheistic and dualistic elements, and many scholars believe Zoroastrianism influenced the belief systems of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Question 25

Olympic Games

Answer 25

An ancient Greek festival consisting of contests in athletics, poetry, and music, held every four years at Olympia to honor Zeus.

Question 26

Hannibal

Answer 26

Barca (/ˈhænɪbəl/; Punic: 𐤇𐤍𐤁𐤏𐤋𐤟𐤁𐤓𐤒, Ḥannibaʿl Barqa; 247 – between 183 and 181 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman who commanded Carthage’s main forces against the Roman Republic during the Second Punic War. He is widely considered one of the greatest military commanders in world history.

Question 27

senate

Answer 27

was the upper chamber of the parliament in Greece, extant several times in the country’s history.

Question 28

Consuls

Answer 28

were the chairmen of the Senate, which served as a board of advisers. … They also commanded the Roman army (both had two legions) and exercised the highest juridical power in the Roman empire. Therefore, the Greek historian Polybius of Megalopolis likened the consuls to kings.

Question 29

Julius Caesar

Answer 29

was a renowned general, politician and scholar in ancient Rome who conquered the vast region of Gaul and helped initiate the end of the Roman Republic when he became dictator of the Roman Empire

Question 30

Cicero

Answer 30

was a Roman orator, statesman, and writer. He was born on 6 January 106 BCE at either Arpinum or Sora, 70 miles south-east of Rome, in the Volscian mountains. … Cicero died on 7 December 43 BCE, trying to escape Rome by sea.