gre_8 Flashcards
outmoded
(英) adj. 不再流行的(no longer in fashion; obsolete) (考) 反义词：original(创新的) (记) out(出)+mode(时髦)+d→不再时髦的 (例) The poor children dressed in outmoded clothing.
granulate
(英) v. 使成颗粒(to form into grains or granules)
squat
(英) v.蹲下(crouch on the ground) (考) 反义词：tall and thin(瘦高的) (例) They squatted down to wait in the shade／a squat woman.
prevaricate
(英) v. 支吾其词，说谎(to deviate from the truth; equivocate) (记) pre(预先)+varic(=vary变化)+ate→预先想好变化之词→支吾，说谎
deify
(英) v. 奉为神(to worship as a god)；崇拜(adore in an extreme way; idolize) [记]词根记忆：dei(神) + fy(化)同根词：deign(v. 屈尊)；deicide(v. 杀神)
flinty
(英) adj.极坚硬的(extremely hard and firm) (记) 和fling(扔，掷)一起记(to fling a flint to make fire)
antithesis
(英) n. 对立；相对(a contrast or opposition) (记) anti+thes=set(放置)+is→反着放→对立 (同) 派生词: antithetic (adj. 对立的)同根词：thesis(论文); hypothesis(假设) (例) What he said is the antithesis of the truth.
array
(英) v. 部署(place armed forces in battle order);n. 数字排列; 陈列(impressive display ) (考) array : numbers \ formation : soldiers(数列是数字排列\队列是士兵排列) (例) an array of factsinformationstatistics
corrugation
(英) n. 波浪形状，起皱纹 (to shape or contract into parallel grooves and ridges; make wrinkles in; furrow)
institution
(英) 建立设立(instance of establishing [an inquirya customa rule]) (记) institute(v.制定设立;in[进入]+stitute[建立放]→建立进去→设立)+ion
rarity
(英) n. 稀罕，罕见; 罕见事物(something uncommon) (考) 反义词：frequency(频繁) (记) rare(稀罕的)+ity
sandal
(英) n. 凉鞋，拖鞋 (a light open sided shoe worn in warm weather)
redundant
(英) adj. 累赘的，多余的(exceeding what is necessary or normal; superfluous) (考) pertinent : relevance \ redundant : superfluity(相关的和相关\多余的和多余)digress : excursive \ reiterate : redundant(离题和离题的\反复说和罗嗦的)indigent : wealth \ redundant : indispensability(穷困缺乏财富\多余缺乏必要)反义词：economical(节俭的) (记) red(=re)+und(=undulate 波动)+ant→反复波动→反复出现→累赘的 (例) The editor deleted the redundant phrases from my article.
extol
(英) v.赞美(to praise highly; laud) (考) 反义词：lambaste(指责); pan(严厉批评); deprecate(抗议); excoriate(批判); censure(责难); disparage(贬损); condemn(谴责); impugn(打击); detract(贬低); malign(诽谤) (记) ex+tol(举起)→举出来→赞美; (同) 参考：exalt(赞赏) (例) He keeps extolling her goodness.
arboreal
(英) adj. 树木的(of or like a tree) (考) arboreal : trees \ sidereal : stars \ aquatic : water(树木的和树木\恒星的和恒星\水的和水) (记) arbor(树)+eal→树的
currish
(英) adj. 下贱的，杂种的(bad-tempered; mean; ill-bred)
contentious
(英) adj. 好辩的，善争吵的 (quarrelsome; belligerent) (考) 反义词：conciliatory(安抚的)
necessitate
(英) v. 使成为必需，需要(make necessary)
proximate
(英) adj.最接近的，直接的(immediately preceding or following; imminent) (记) proxim(接近)＋ate→接近的; (同) 参考：approximate(大约的)
blasphemy
(英) n. 亵渎，渎神(profane or contemptuous speech; cursing) (考) castigation : disapproval \ blasphemy : irreverence(谴责表示十分不赞成\亵渎表示十分不敬) (记) （记）blas=blame（责备）+phem（出现）+y→受责备的事→亵渎 (同) 派生词: blasphemous (adj. 亵渎神明的)同根词：phenomenon（现象; 奇迹）
disaffection
(英) adj.(政治上)不满的，叛离的(unfriendlydiscontentedor disloyal) (考) officious : meddle \ disaffected : rebel(多管闲事的人喜欢干涉\不满的人喜欢反叛)反义词：win over(赢得好感) (记) dis+affect(友爱)→不再友爱→叛离的 (例) The people are becoming disaffected.
anthropology
(记) anthrop(人)+ology(学科)→人类学 (同) 派生词: anthropologist (n. 人类学家)
horticulture
(英) 园艺学(the art or science of growing flowersfruitsvegetablesor shrubsesp. in gardens or orchards) (考) tree : forestry \ flower : horticulture(林学研究树木\园艺学研究花) (记) horti(花园)+culture(培植)→园艺学 (同) 参考：hortitherapy(通过种花草而治病的园艺疗法)
choreography
(英) n. 舞蹈 (dancing)；舞蹈编排 (the arrangement of the movements of a dance) (考) choreography : dance \ plot : story(舞蹈要编舞\故事要情节) (记) chore(歌舞)+graphy(写)→为歌舞编排动作 (同) 同根词：chorus(合唱队，歌舞团)
sleigh
(英) n.(马拉的)雪橇(large vehicle drawn by a horse over snow or ice)
skit
(英) n. 幽默讽刺短剧(a short humorous acted-out scene) (考) anecdote : story \ vignette : scene \ skit : play (drama)(轶事是一种故事\装饰图案是一种图案\幽默短剧是一种戏剧) (例) a skit on Macbeth
glitch
(考) glitch : flaw \ peccadillo : error(小故障和缺点\小错误和错误)
baseboard
(考) veneer : furniture \ baseboard : wall(镶板装在家具上\护壁板装在墙上)
incursion
(英) n. 侵犯，入侵(a suddenbrief invasion or raid) (考) 反义词：retreat(退却) (记) in(进入)+curs(跑)+ion→跑进来→入侵
horology
(英) n. 测时法，钟表制造术(the science or art of measuring time or making timepieces) (记) hor(=hour 时间)+ology→测时法
ostentatious
(英) n. 夸示，炫耀(showy display; pretentiousness) (记) ostent(显现)+ation→显现出来→炫耀 (例) the ostentation of a rich man
anarchy
(英) n. 无政府；政治上的混乱(political disorder) (考) 反义词: order(有序) (记) an+archy(统治)→不统治→无政府 (同) 派生词: anarchic (adj. 无政府的); anarchist (n. 无政府主义者)同根词：matriarchy(母权制); hierarchy(等级制度)
pilgrim
(英) n. 朝圣客，香客(one who travels to a shrine as a devotee) (考) shrine : pilgrim \ peak : climber(朝圣者去圣地\攀登者去顶峰) (例) Many pilgrims travel to a holy city.
bewail
(英) v. 悲哀(express sorrow over sth) (记) be+wail(哭恸哭) →使恸哭→悲哀
rend
(英) v. 撕裂(to split or tear apart)；猛拉(to remove from place by violence; wrest) (考) 反义词：unite(使联合); mend(修补); repair(修理) (例) She wept and rent her garments.
testify
(英) v.见证，证实(to bear witness to: attest; prove) (记) test(验证，目击)+ify→见证 (例) refuse to testify against a friend(拒绝做不利于朋友的证词)
askew
(考) 反义词: aligned(排列成一行)
constellation
(英) n. 星座，星群 (an arbitrary configuration of stars) (考) constellation : star \ chord : note \ queue : person(星星组成星座\音符组成和音\人组成队伍) (记) con＋stell(星星)＋ation→星星在一起→星座、星群 (同) 同根词：stellar(星的，恒星的); interstellar(星际的)
anchorite
(英) n. 隐士(a person who lives alone ; hermit; recluse) (记) 分割记忆: anchor(铁锚)+rite(仪式) →像铁锚一样固定在一个地方不出来的人
bracket
(英) n. 托架(wooden or metal angle-shaped support) (考) buttress : wall \ bracket : shelf(扶壁用来支撑墙壁\支架用来支撑书架) (同) 近形词: racket(球拍)
accessory
(英) adj.附属的，次要的(extraadditional; supplementary; subsidiary) (考) 反义词：of primary importance(最重要的)
oversee
(英) v. 监督( watch to see that work is properly done) (记) over（在…上面）+see（看）→监督
herdsman
(英) n. 牧人(a person who keeps or tends a herd)
assuage
(英) v. 缓和，减轻(to lessenallayrelieve) (考) assuage : sorrow \ dampen : ardor \ muffle : sound(缓和减少痛苦\沮丧减少热情\蒙住减小声音)反义词：gall(使烦恼); intensify(强化); inflame(燃烧) ; harrow(使痛苦) (记) as+suage(甜)→变甜→缓和 (同) 同根词：suave(温和的，讨好人的)
streak
(英) n.线条，条纹(a line or mark of a different color or texture);v.加线条 (to have a streak) (例) The marble was streaked with green and grey.
definition
(英) (轮廓等)清晰定义(a putting or being in clearsharp outline) (考) amorphousness : definition \ lassitude : energy(无定形没有定形\疲乏没有精力) (记) de+fin(界限，结束)+ition→确定轮廓→清晰，定义; (同) 参考：affinity(吸引力)
grasping
(英) adj. 贪心的，贪婪的(eager for gain; avaricious; greedy) (记) 来自 grasp(抓取) (例) He is a grasping manalways eager to make more money.
weird
(英) adj.古怪的，荒唐的(oddfantastic) (例) a weird idea(怪念头)
subside
(英) v.(建筑物等)下陷(to tend downward；descend)；(天气等)平息(to become quiet or less) (考) 反义词：promote(促进) (记) sub(下面)＋side(坐)→坐下去→下陷 (例) The earth subsides.(地下陷)／The storm subsided.(暴风雨平息了)
transcribe
(英) v.抄写，转录 (to make a written copy) (记) trans(互相)+scribe(写)→照着写下→抄写 (同) 派生词： transcription (n. 抄写; 抄本) (例) transcribe a letter on the typewriter
fusion
(英) n. 融合; 聚变(union of atomic nuclei) (例) the fusion of copper and zinc to produce brass
humiliation
(考) catastrophe : mishap \ humiliation : embarrassment(灾难是大不幸\羞辱是大窘迫)
harbor
(英) n.港，避难所(retreat; shelter);v.包庇隐匿( to provide a place of protection to) (考) 反义词：evict(驱逐) (例) harbor a criminal(窝藏罪犯)\to harbor an ambition
retrogress
(英) v. 倒退，退化(to move backward; revert) (记) retro(向后)+gress(走)→倒退
fustian
(英) n. 空洞的话无意义的高调(bombast; rant) (例) Fustian can’t disguise the author’s meager plot.
puberty
(英) n.青春期，春情发动期(marked by maturing of the genital organs) (记) puber(成熟)＋ty→进入成熟→青春期 (同) 同根词：pubescent(到达青春期的) (例) During pubertyboys′ voices get lower.
consign
(英) v. 托运 (to send or deliver)；托人看管(to put in the care of another; entrust) (记) con＋sign(签名)→签完名后交托→托运 (例) consign sb’s name to oblivion(使某人默默无闻 )
undergird
(英) v. 加强(to strengthen from the bottom) (考) 反义词：undermine(削弱) (记) under（在…下面）+gird（束缚）
apparatus
(英) n. 仪器设备(set of instruments in scientific experiments) (例) laboratory apparatus
enmesh
(英) v.(通常被动)绊住陷入网(to catch or entangle in meshes) (考) 反义词：extricate(解脱) (记) en+mesh(网)→进入网中，mesh本身是一个单词意为’网眼罗网’ (例) He was enmeshed in his own lies
scurvy
(英) adj. 卑鄙的，可鄙的(despicable) (考) 反义词：above reproach(无可指责的) (记) 不要和scurry(急赶)相混 (例) a scurvy fellow(卑鄙的家伙)
inconsistency
(英) 不一致不一贯(quality of being inconsistent) (记) in(不)+con(共同)+sist(站立)+ency→不站在一起→不一致
compress
(英) v. 压缩，浓缩 (to press together; contract) (考) 反义词: distention(膨胀); increase in volume(增大体积) (记) com＋press(压)→全部压→压缩 (同) 同根词：depression(压抑，萧条); suppress(镇压)派生词: compression(n. 压缩)
bully
(英) v. 以强欺弱，威胁(to hurtfrightenor tyrannize); (考) instigator : incite \ bully : browbeat(煽动者煽动\欺凌弱小者欺辱)反义词：underdog(受压迫者) (记) bully 古意为’情人’在争夺情人的斗争中总是强的打败弱的所以有’欺负’之意 (同) n. bully(欺负别人者) (例) bullying smaller boys
oblique
(英) adj. 间接的( not straightforward)；斜的(inclined) (考) 反义词：direct(直接的) (记) ob(躺)+lique(歪斜的)→斜的 (例) make oblique accusations(指桑骂槐)
arthritis
(记) arthr(连结，关节)+itis(炎症)→关节炎
fragrance
(英) n. 香料(pleasant or sweet smell) (例) Lavender has a delicate fragrance.
thatch
(英) n.茅草屋顶，茅草(a plant material used as a sheltering cover) (例) thatch huts of a fishing village(渔村茅舍)
meteorology
(英) n. 气象学 (the scientific study of weather conditions) (考) meteorology : weather \ pathology : disease \ demography : population(气象学研究天气\病理学研究疾病\人口统计学研究人口) (记) meteor（陨石; 天气）+ology
drawl
(英) v.\ n. 慢吞吞地说(to speak slowly) (考) lope : run \ drawl : speak(程度: 慢慢跑跑\慢慢说说)pontificate : pompous \ scoff : deisive \ drawl : slow \ bluster : loud \ prate :aimless(装腔作势讲话特点是华而不实\嘲弄的特点是嘲笑\慢吞吞说的特点是慢\咆哮的特点是大声\空谈特点是无目的) (记) 分割记忆: draw(抽)+l一点点抽出来→慢说 (例) My friends from Georgia have a southern drawl.
tempestuous
(英) adj.狂暴的(turbulentstormy) (考) 反义词：halcyon(宁静的)
hosepipe
(记) hose(软管)+pipe(管道)
irresolute
(英) adj. 优柔寡断的( showing uncertainty) (考) malleable : shape \ irresolute : opinion(可锻的形状可以改变\犹豫的观点可以改变) (记) ir(不)+resolute(adj. 坚决的)
eclecticism
(英) n. 折衷主义(an eclectic method or system of thought)
aggrandize
(英) v.增大，扩张(to make greatermore powerful) (考) 反义词：disparage(贬损) (记) ag+grand(大)+ize→增大 (同) 同根词：grandeur(宏伟); grandiloquent(说大话的)
appalling
(英) adj. 骇人的，可怕的(causing horrorshockor dismay) (同) 近形词: appealing(吸引人的)
perishable
(英) adj. (食物)易坏的(liable to spoil or decay) (例) Perishable food should be kept in the refrigerator.
gingerly
(英) adj. adv.小心的(地); 谨慎的(地)(very carefully)
pittance
(英) n.微薄的薪俸少量的收入(small allowance or wage) (考) 反义词：cornucopia(富饶) (例) He had received a mere pittance of education.(他只受过一点儿教育)
febrile
(英) adj.发烧的，热病的(of fever; feverish) (记) febr(热)+ile→发热的; (同) 参考：febrifugal(解热的)
astound
(英) v. 使震惊(overcome sb with surprise ) (例) We were astounded to read your letter.
liturgy
(英) n. 礼拜形式(prescribed forms or ritual for public worship) (记) lit(可能来自litter一群)+urg(工作)+y→一群人一起工作→作礼拜
rave
(英) n. \v.热切赞扬(an extravagantly favorable criticism)；倾倒(talk irrationally indelirium) (考) 反义词：pan(严厉批评) (例) All the girls raved about the new singer.
enigmatic
(英) adj. 神秘的难解的(mysterious) (考) 反义词：free of ambiguity(清楚的); broadly known(广泛知道的); wildly accepted(广泛接受的); readily understood(易懂的) (例) the enigmatic Egyptian pyramids
unprepossessing
(考) 反义词：entrancing(使人入神的); winsome(迷人的) (记) un（不）+prepossessing（引人注意的）
diagnose
(英) v. 判断诊断(find out the nature of an illness by observing its symptoms) (记) dia(穿过二者之间)+gnose(知道)→穿过(皮肤)知道→诊断
desertification
(英) n. 背弃者逃亡者(person who deserts)
analgesic
(英) 镇痛剂(a drug that produces a fully conscious state in which a person does not feel painful stimuli); (考) analgesic : pain \ anesthetic : sensation \ palliative : symptom(镇痛剂可以消除疼痛\麻醉剂可以消除感觉\缓和剂可以消除症状)aseptic : disinfection \ anesthetic : numbness(消毒剂可以用来消毒\麻醉剂可以用来麻醉)tonic : invigorate \ analgesic : deaden(滋补品可以使强壮\镇痛剂可以使疼痛减 (记) an(没有)+alg(痛)+esic(药)→止痛药 (同) 同根词：nostalgia(怀旧); neuralgia(神经痛) (例) an analgesic medicine for one’s headache
desirous
(英) adj. 渴望的( having or characterized by desire) (记) 注意desirable和desirous两个单词的意义不同，看下面的例句： (例) For this job it＇s desirable to know something about medicine.\ She has always been desirous of fame.
defile
(英) v. 弄污，弄脏 (to make filthy or dirty; pollute)；n. (山间)小道(any narrow valley or mountain pass) (考) precipice : steepness \ defile : narrowness(山崖特点是陡峭\小道特点是狭窄) (记) de+file(=vile卑鄙的)→使…卑下→弄污 (例) Evil books defile the mind.
tamp
(英) v.捣实，砸实(to drive in or down by a succession of light or medium blows) (例) tamp the earth around the base of the seedlings
arcade
(英) n. 拱廊(a covered passageway usually lined with shops)
duct
(英) n. 管道槽(tube or channel carrying liquidgaselectric) (考) splint : immobilize \ duct : convey(夹板用来固定\管道用来运输) (记) duct本身就是词根意思是: 引导带来
accelerate
(英) v. 加速(to increase the speed)；促进( to develop more quickly) (考) expedite : process \ accelerate : pace(加速进程\加快步伐)accelerate : speed \ prolong : duration (加快速度\延长时间)crescendo : sound \ acceleration : tempo(声音渐强增强的是声音\加速增加的是速度)反义词：retard(减速) (记) ac+celer(速度)+ate→加速 (同) 派生词：acceleration(n．加速)；accelerating （adj. 加速的）同根词：celerity(速度迅速)decelerate(减速)
frank
(英) adj. 直率的(showing thoughts and feelings openly) (考) frank : secretiveness \ callow : maturity(坦率的对不坦率\不成熟的对成熟) (例) a frank reply
indemnify
(英) v. 赔偿，偿付(compensate for a loss; reimburse) (记) in+demn(损坏)+ify→使损坏消除→赔偿 (同) 同根词：condemn(谴责)
implicate
(英) v. 牵连(于罪行中)( involve in a crime) (记) im(进入)+plic(重叠)+ate→重叠进去→牵连 (同) 派生词: implication （n.牵连；暗示）
equestrian
(英) n.骑师(rider on horseback);adj.骑马的(of horse-riding)
pneumonia
(记) pneumon(肺，元气)+ia→肺炎 (同) 同根词：pneuma(元气，精神) ; pneumatic(元气的，精神的)
disbelieve
(英) v. 不相信(某人某事物)(refuse to believe sb\sth) (记) dis+believe(相信)
cumulus
(英) n. 积云(cloud formed ofroundedmassedheaped on a flat base) (记) 来自词根:cumul(堆积) (例) 积云(cloud formed of rounded massed heaped on a flat base)
plaintiff
(英) n. 原告(a person who brings a legal action) (记) plaint(哀诉，抱怨)+iff→哀诉的一方→原告 (同) 同根词：plaint(哀诉，起诉); complain(抱怨) (例) The plaintiff is suing the defendant for $100000._
jog
(英) v. 慢而平静地前进(to go on in a slowsteady manner) (考) jog : exercise \ barter : trade(慢跑是一种锻炼\易货贸易是一种贸易) (例) Our lives jog along from day to day.
elastic
(英) adj. 有弹性的灵活的(flexibleadaptiveresilientsupple) (考) ephemeral : endure \ inelastic : stretch(短暂的不持久\无弹性的不伸展)elastic : expand \ viable : live(有弹性的可以伸展\能活的可以活) (记) e+last(延长)+ic→可延长出去→有弹性的 (例) Rubber bands are very elastic.
chauvinism
(英) n. 沙文主义，盲目爱国主义 (fanatic patriotism; jingoism) (记) 来自一剧中人名：Chauvin，因其过分的爱国主义和对拿破仑的忠诚而闻名；
denude
(英) v. 脱去，剥蚀，剥夺 (to make bare or naked) (考) 反义词：cover(覆盖) (记) de+nude(=naked赤裸的)→完全赤裸→脱去 (同) 同根词：nudism(裸体主义)；nudity(裸体) (例) He was denuded of all pride.
emphasize
(英) v. 强调着重(stress) (例) Which word should I emphasize
exacerbate
(英) v. 加重，恶化(aggravate diseasepainannoyanceetc.) (考) 反义词：alleviate(减轻); mitigate(减轻) (记) ex+acerb(苦涩)+ate→出现了苦涩→恶化 (同) 同根词：acerbic(酸苦的); acerbate(激怒) (例) The accident exacerbated the slow flow of traffic.
incite
(英) v. 激发，刺激(to stimulate to action; foment) (考) instigator : incite \ bully : browbeat(煽动者煽动\欺凌弱小者恫吓)exhortation : motivate \ persiflage : incite(劝告为了激发\挖苦为了刺激) (记) in(进入)+cite(唤起)→唤起情绪→激发 (同) 同根词：excite(兴奋); recite(背诵) (例) His words incited anger among the soldiers_
vegetation
(英) n.植物，草木，植被(plant life or total plant cover)
associate
(英) adj. 联合的(joined);n.合伙人(partnercolleague);v. 将人或事物联系起来(join people or things together) (考) politic : offend \ aloof : associate(精明的[人]不易冒犯\冷漠的[人]不易合作) (记) as(加强)+soci(同伴引申为’社会’)+ate→成为社团→联合 (同) 派生词: association (n. 联合联盟协会))
indemnification
(英) n. 赔偿，赔偿金(recompense; reparation)
subjection
(英) n. 镇压(the act of subjecting);顺从(a state of dependence) (记) subject（服从的）；sub[在…下面]+ject[扔] →扔下去→服从的）+ion
summarily
(英) adv.概括地(covering the main points)；仓促地(quickly executed) (考) 反义词：after long deliberation(长时间考虑的) (记) summary(概括)＋ly (例) be summarily executed(被仓促处决)
cushion
(英) n. 坐垫(a pillow or soft pad for sitting or kneeling on)；v. 缓冲(to act as a cushion) (例) Nothing can cushion the severity of the electoral defeat.
incessant
(英) adj. 无间断的，连续的(continuing without interruption) (记) in(不)+cess(停止)+ant→不停止的→连续的 (同) 同根词：concession(让步); cessation(停止) (例) Jane bores me with her incessant talking.
wrench
(英) v.扭，拧 (to move with a violent twist) (例) wrench a screw off(用力拧下螺钉)
abacus
(考) abacus: calculate \ sextant: navigate(算盘用来计算\六分仪用来航海)
retentive
(英) adj. 有记忆力的(capable of keeping the memory of) (例) a retentive mind(记忆力强的脑子)
hearten
(英) v. 鼓励激励(make sb feel cheerful and encouraged) (考) mollify : anger \ hearten : dejection(平息消除愤怒\激励消除沮丧)反义词：dismay(沮丧) (例) We are much heartened by the latest developments.
crush
(英) v. 压坏(press or squeeze hard so that there is breakage or injury) (考) juggernaut : crush \ quisling : betray(不可抗拒力压倒\卖国贼背叛) (例) Don’t crush the box; it has flowers in it.
epic
(英) 叙事诗史诗(long poem about the deeds of one or more great heroesor a nation’s past history) (考) 反义词：modest(一般的; 适度的) (例) Homer’s Iliad is a famous epic.
needle
(考) needle : knit \ loom : weave(针用来编织\织布机用来织布)leaf : oak \ needle : pine \ frond : fern(橡树上的树叶\松树上的针叶\蕨类植物的复叶)
bent
(英) n. 特长爱好(natural skill at sth ) (考) 反义词：ineptitude(愚笨) (例) a bent copper
wade
(英) v.涉水 (to step in water) (例) Let’s wade across the water.
orthodontics
(记) ortho(正)+dont(=dent牙齿)+ics (例) My dentist specializes in orthodontics.
sufficient
(英) adj.足够的 (enough to meet the needs)
fauna
(英) n. 动物区系(the animals of a specified region or time) (记) 来自Fannus(潘纳斯)，罗马神话中动物之神; (同) 参考：flora(植物区系)
crux
(英) n. 关键症结所在(essential or main point) (考) 反义词：peripheral element(外围要素)
bewitch
(英) v.对…施魔法;蛊惑(cast a spell over);令…心醉(captivate) (记) be+witch(女巫;迷人的女子) →使…被迷住 (例) He was bewitched by her beauty.
brattish
(考) tightfisted : parsimonious \ brattish : mischievous(同义: 吝啬的=吝啬的\淘气的=淘气的)
stanch
(英) v.制止(血液)，止住(to check or stop the flowing) (考) damp : vibration \ stanch : flow(制止振动\制止流动) (记) stan(站)＋ch→让(血液)站住→止住 (例) stanch a leak in a ship(堵住船上的漏洞)
laudatory
(英) adj. 表扬的，赞扬的(commendatory) (考) counsel : advice \ laud : homage(忠告给予建议\赞美给予敬意)反义词：invective(辱骂); diatribe(恶骂); execrable(极坏的); pejorative(变坏的)
mollify
(英) v. 安慰，安抚(to soften in feeling or temper; appease) (考) mollify : anger \ hearten : dejection(安抚减少愤怒\加油减少沮丧)反义词：ire(激怒); pique(激怒); rouse(激起); antagonize(对抗); discommode(使为难); vex(使烦恼) (记) moll(软)+ify→软化→安慰 (同) 同根词：emollient(润肤剂); mollescent(变软的) (例) The waiter mollified the angry diners with a free bottle of wine.
decode
(英) v. 译解(密码) (to translate a coded message ) (考) tacit : infer \ encoded : decode(含蓄的须推断\加密的须解密) (记) de+code(密码)→去密
horn
(考) trumpet : horn \ tambourine : drum(小号是一种号角\手鼓是一种鼓)horn : blow \ harp : pluck(吹喇叭\拔竖琴)
hydrate
(考) aerate : oxygen \ hydrate : water(充气需要氧气\水化需要水)反义词：desiccate(变干) (记) hydr(水)+ate→使水化→水化物
incorrigible
(英) adj. 积习难改的，不可救药的(that cannot be corrected) (考) incorrigible : reformed \ inscrutable : understood(难以纠正的无法被纠正\难以理解的无法被理解)反义词：tractable(易于管教的) (记) in(不)+corrigible(可以改正的) (例) an incorrigible liar
infertility
(英) n. 贫瘠(state of being barren) (记) in(不)+fertility(n.肥沃多产)
vitalize
(英) v. 激发(to endow with life) (考) 反义词：arrest(阻碍) (记) vital（有活力的）+ize
conscript
(英) v. 强行征兵，征召(to enroll for compulsory service in the armed forces; draft) (考) subpoena : witness \ conscript : soldier(传票召证人\征兵召士兵)emigrate : exile \ enlist : conscript(自动移居和驱逐\自动从军和强行征兵) (记) con＋script(写)→把(名字)写入名单→征兵 (同) 同根词：prescription(处方; 命令); scripture(圣经圣典) (例) The soldier had been conscripted by the army against his will.
audacious
(英) adj.大胆的，愚勇的(daring; fearless; brave) (考) audacious : trepidation \ shiftless : aspiration(大胆的不会颤抖\无雄心的不会有热望)反义词：circumspect(慎重的)；timid(胆小的) (记) aud(大胆)+acious(多…的)→大胆的 (例) The audacious employee asked the manager for a second raise.
tenable
(英) adj.站得住脚的，无懈可击的(defensiblereasonable) (考) ineluctable(inevitable) : avoid \ untenable : defend(不可避免的无法避免\不可防守的无法保护)反义词：unjustified(未经证明的); unsound(谬误的) (记) ten(拿住)+able→能够拿住的→站得住脚的 (例) Your plan is tenable and well-thought-out.
snob
(英) n.势利小人(one who blatantly imitatesfawningly admiresor vulgarly seeks association with those regarded as social superiors)
expedite
(英) v.使加速，促进(to speed up the process of) (考) expedite : process \ acclerate : pace(促进是加快过程\加速是加快步伐)反义词：retard(延迟) (记) ex+ped(脚)+ite→把脚跨出去→加速 (例) He used my credit card to expedite the ticket purchase.
sever
(英) v.切断，脱离 (divide) (记) 和severe(严重的)一起记 (同) 派生词: severance (n.切断，分离)
fledgling
(英) n. 正在学习飞行的幼鸟(a young bird just fledged)；无经验的人(a younginexperienced person) (考) 反义词：experienced practitioner(有经验的从业者) (记) 分割记忆:fl看作 flyedge(边缘)鸟沿着边缘飞→刚学飞的幼鸟→羽毛长成的 (例) The young birds left the nest after they fledged.
characteristic
(英) 典型性的(forming part of the character of a person)与众不同的特征(distinguishing feature) (例) What characteristics distinguish the Americans from the Canadians ?
fidgety
(英) adj.烦躁的，不安的(nervous; uneasy)
asparagus
(考) 反义词: aligned(排列成一行)
hawker
(英) n. 沿街叫卖之小贩(a peddler or huckster)
summarize
(英) v. 总结，概括( make a short general statement)
avarice
(英) n.贪财，贪婪(too great a desire to have wealth; cupidity) (考) avarice : money \ gluttony : food(贪财喜欢钱财\贪食喜欢食物) (记) avar(渴望)+ice→渴求，贪婪；avid(渴望的)是同源词
pretentious
(英) adj. 自抬身价的(expressive of affectedunwarrantedor exaggerated importance) (例) He always uses pretentious language.
rakish
(英) adj. 潇洒的放荡的(jaunty; stylish; sporty; dissolute)
guileless
(考) 反义词：manipulative(耍手段的)
infliction
(英) n. (强加于人身的)痛苦，刑罚(something inflicted as punishment) (记) in(进入)+flict(打击)+ion→打击，痛苦 (同) 同根词：affliction(苦恼); conflict(冲突) (例) He endured many inflictions with patience.
remunerative
(英) adj. 报酬高的，有利润的(providing payment; profitable) (考) 反义词：unrequited(无报酬的) (例) remunerate sb． For his toil （报偿某人的辛劳）
synonymous
(英) adj.同义的(alike in meaning or significance) (考) synonymous : meaning \ interchangeable : function(同义的意义相同\可互换的功能相同) (记) 来自synonym(同义词)，syn(共同)+onym(名字)
lacerate
(英) v. 撕裂(to tear jaggedly) (记) lacer(撕)+ate→撕开 (例) The fierce dog’s teeth lacerated his leg.
pal
(英) n. 伙伴，好朋友(an intimate friend) (例) pal around with the kid next door(和邻家孩子结伴一起玩)
colorless
(英) adj. 无色的(without color);呆板而无趣的(dull and uninteresting) (考) 反义词：chromatic(彩色的) (例) a colorless character
cursory
(英) adj. 粗略的，草率的 (performed rapidly with little attention to detail; superficial) (考) 反义词：painstakingly thorough(仔细彻底的); slow and thorough(慢而彻底的); lucubration(沉思)-cursory consideration(草率考虑)；fastidious(苛求的) (记) curs(跑)+ory→跑过去→粗略的 (同) 同根词：excursion(远足，旅游) (例) The busy manager gave the report a cursory glance.
foreboding
(英) n. 预感，预兆(to have a presentiment of something bad or harmful) (例) She had a foreboding that she’d never see him again.
reimburse
(英) v. 偿还(to pay back to someone; repay) (记) re(重新)+im(进入)+burse(钱包)→重新进入钱包→偿还 (同) 派生词: reimbursement (n. 偿还[的款项]) (例) We will reimburse you the cost.
rustle
(英) v.(使某物)发出轻而爽的声音(make slight sounds like silk moving or being rubbed together)
notoriety
(记) not(知道)+oriety(多)→人所共知 (例) The convicted criminal’s sudden notoriety surprised us all.
blessing
(英) n. 神恩(God’s favor and protection);祝愿(good wishes) (考) 反义词：bane(祸根) (例) I cannot give my blessing to such a proposal .
peremptory
(英) adj. 不容反抗的; 专横的(of imperious or arrogant self-assurance) (考) prohibitive : purchase \ peremptory : dispute(昂贵的无法购买\专横的无法争论)parsimonious : spent \ peremptory : fawn(小气的人不化钱\专横的人不低三下四)反义词：open to chanllenge(愿意接受挑战的) (记) per(全部)＋empt(买)＋ory→全部买下来_的→专横的_ (同) 同根词：preempt(优先取得); exemption(免除)
decency
(英) n. 正派端庄(quality of being respectable people would wish) (例) an offence against decency
meditation
(英) n. 沉思，冥想 (solemn reflection; deep thought) (记) 来自meditate(沉思)，medit(中间)+ate→思考之中
spent
(考) precarious : stablility \ spent : efficacy(不稳定的无稳定\失去效能的无效能)
midget
(英) n. 侏儒( an extremely small person; dwarf) (记) 分割记忆：mid(中间)+get(得到)→到达中间状态→没长高→侏儒；注意dget结尾的单词：gadget(小工具)，budget(预算) (例) The door was so low that only a midget could get through.
exuberant
(英) adj. (人)充满活力的(having good health and high spirits)；(植物)茂盛的(growing profusely) (记) ex+uber(果实)+ant→出果实的→充满活力的 (同) 参考：udder(牛羊等的乳房)udder=uber (例) an exuberant young man(精力旺盛的年轻人)
bother
(英) v.打扰或烦扰某人(cause trouble to sb) (例) I am sorry to bother youbut could you tell me the way to the station ?
albeit
(英) conj. 虽然尽管(although) (例) I triedalbeit unsuccessfullyto contact him.
severe
(考) mitigate : severe \ qualify : general(缓和排除严重\限制排除一般)
wilt
(英) v.使…凋谢，枯萎 (to lose vigor from lack of water) (例) The crops wilted under the hot sun.(庄稼在烈日下枯萎了)
hapless
(英) adj. 不幸的(unfortunate; unlucky; luckless) (考) 反义词：fortunate(幸运的) (记) hap(运气)+less→无运气的 (同) 同根词：mishap(不幸); happy(高兴的)
blowhard
(英) n.自吹自擂者(a loudly boastful personbraggard) (考) blowhard : boastful \ toady : obsequious(吹牛者擅长吹牛\谄媚者擅长谄媚) (记) 分割记忆：blow－hard: 使劲吹→吹牛者
chimerical
(英) adj.荒诞不经的 (absurd)；梦幻的 (imaginary; fantastic)
grain
(英) n. 谷物(small hard seeds of food plants);小的硬粒(tiny hard bit) (考) dross : metal \ chaff : grain(锻造金属去除浮渣\扬谷去除谷壳)catch : fish \ harvest : grain(捕捉获得鱼\收割获得谷物)miller : grain \ tanner : hide(磨房工人加工谷物\鞣革工人加工皮革)refinery : petroleum \ mill : grain(炼油厂加工石油\磨房加工谷物) (例) a grain of sandgold
respect
(英) n. 尊敬(admire or have a high opnion of sb\sth) (考) flip : respect \ nonchalant : concern(不尊敬缺乏尊敬\不关心缺乏关心)reverence : respect \ avidity : enthusiasm(程度:崇敬→尊敬\热望→热情)反义词：deride(嘲笑)
smother
(英) v.覆盖 (to cover thickly)；(使)闷死(to kill through lack of air) (例) They were smothered by the dust after explosion. (他们被爆炸后的尘土憋得透不过气来)
originate
(英) v. 开始，起因，发源( have as an established starting point)
mysterious
(英) adj. 神秘的，难以理解的 (full of mystery) (考) 反义词：scrutable(可理解的) (记) 来自名词mystery(神秘)
vapid
(英) adj.索然无味的 (lacking liveliness; flatdull) (考) 反义词：bracing(令人鼓舞的); zealous(热情的) (记) vap(蒸气)+id→像蒸气的→乏味的 (同) 同根词：vaporous(有蒸气的)；vapidity(乏味)
discontinuous
(英) adj. 不连续的(intermittent)
homage
(英) n. 效忠，崇敬(honor; allegiance) (考) counsel : advice \ laud : homage(忠告为了给建议\称赞为了表崇敬)反义词：disrespect(不尊重) (记) hom(=hum 人)+age→把别人当人看 (同) 同根词：homicide(杀人犯) (例) pay homage to sb
gem
(考) gem : turquoise \ flower : violet(土耳其玉是一种宝石\紫罗兰是一种花)
hurricane
(考) fire : inferno \ storm : hurricane(程度: 火→火海\暴风→飓风)snow : precipitation \ hurricane : cyclone(雪是一种降水\飓风是一种暴风)rain : deluge \ wind : hurricane(大雨形成暴雨\大风形成飓风)
crestfallen
(英) adj. 挫败的，失望的(dejecteddisheartenedor humbled) (记) crest(鸡冠)+fallen→鸡冠下垂→斗败了的
skeptical
(英) adj.怀疑的(having an attitude of doubt) (考) lethargic : stimulate \ skeptical : convince(刺激消除困乏\说服消除怀疑) (记) 参考:sceptical(怀疑的)
junction
(英) 交叉路口(place where roads or railway lines meet)连接(instance of joining or being joined) (考) confluence : streams \ junction : roads(河流在汇流处相交\道路在交叉点相交) (记) junct(连接)+ion→交会点
debutante
(英) n. 初次参加社交活动的少女(a girl or woman making a debut into society)
betrayal
(英) n. 背叛或被出卖(action of showing disloyalty) (记) 来自betray(v.出卖或背叛)
virulent
(英) adj. 剧毒的(extremely poisonous or venomous)；恶毒的(full of malice) (考) 反义词：salubrious(有益健康的) (记) vir(=virus病毒)+ulent(多…的)→剧毒的 (例) virulent rumors(恶毒的谣言)
integrity
(英) n. 正直，诚实(honesty and sincerity)；完整(entirety) (考) ecumenical : generality \ entire : integrity(一般的有一般性\整体的有整体性)反义词：incompleteness(不完全)
buxom
(英) adj. 体态丰满的(having a shapelyfull-bosomed figure)
anthology
(英) n. 诗集，文选(a collection of poemsstoriessongs) (考) compendium : summary \ anthology : collection(纲要是一种总结\诗选是一种文集) (记) anth(花)+ology→像花一样的文章→文选 (同) 同根词：anthesis(开花期); chrysanthemum(菊花)
retain
(英) v. 保留，保持 ( keep possession of);留住( hold in place) (考) 反义词：discard(扔掉) (记) re（回）+tain（拿）→拿回来→保留
disinfectant
(英) v. 为某物杀菌或消毒(clean by destroying germs that cause disease) (考) oil : lubricate \ antiseptic : disinfect(油有润滑作用\杀菌剂有消毒作用) (记) dis+infect(感染) →消除感染→消毒
magistrate
(英) n. 地方保安官(a minor official with limited judicial powers) (记) magistr(主人)+ate→作主人→地方官 (例) The magistrate performed the wedding ceremony.
molar
(记) mol(磨)+ar→磨的牙→臼齿
barrage
(英) n. 弹幕(a curtain of artillery fire)堰拦河坝(barrier built to store water for irrigation) (考) barrage : explosives \ deluge : rain(连续发炮形成弹幕\连续降雨形成暴雨)
cataclysm
(英) n.剧变，灾难(常指大洪水或地震)(any great upheaval; disaster) (记) cata(向下)+clysm(洗)→洗掉→大洪水 (同) 同根词：catacomb(地下墓穴); catalogue(分类目录)
repulsion
(英) n. 厌恶，反感 (very strong dislike);排斥力(the force by which one object drives another away from it) (考) 反义词：attraction(吸引力)
diminish
(英) v. 变小变少(cause sth to become smaller or less) (考) erode : diminish \ accrete : enlarge(侵蚀使减少\增加使扩大) (记) di(向下)+mini(小)+ish→小下去→缩小
debase
(英) v. 贬低，贬损(to make lower in valuequalitycharacterdignity) (考) debase : value \ enervate : vitality \ attenuate : force(降低价值\减少活力\削弱力量) (记) de+base(低)→低下去→贬低 (同) 同根词：basement(地下室); basis(基础) (例) Such unkind action debased you.
adduce
(英) v. 给予(理由)(to give as reason or proof)；举出(例证)(cite as an example) (记) ad+duce(引导)→引导出→举出 (同) 同根词：induce(引诱)education(教育)
freight
(英) n. 货物; v.装货于船等(load a ship with freight) (例) a barge freighted with bananas
fermentation
(考) bacteria : decomposition \ yeast : fermentation(细菌有解体作用\酵母有发酵作用)
noxious
(英) adj. 有害的，有毒的(injurious; pernicious) (考) 反义词：beneficial(有益的) (记) nox(毒)+ious→有毒的; (同) 参考：nocuous(有害的) (例) The rats were poisoned by noxious fumes.
unscathed
(英) adj.未受损伤的，未遭伤害的 (wholly unharmed) (记) un(不)+scathed(损伤的) (例) He escaped unscathed from the car wreck.
decry
(英) v. 责难(to speak out against strongly and openly; denounce)；贬低(价值) (to depreciate officially; disparage) (记) de+cry(喊)→向下喊→贬低; 注意不要和descry(看见，望到)相混
deliberately
(记) de(坏)+liberate(解放释放)+ly→释放坏(心思)→故意地
elongation
(英) n.延伸(the process of growing in length) (考) torque : rotation \ tension : elongation(力矩可以使旋转\张力可以使伸长)
safeguard
(英) n. 防卫措施，防范措施(guard against loss or injury) (考) safeguard : accident \ quarantine : contamination \ hedge : loss(警卫避免事故\隔离避免传染\篱笆避免损失) (记) 组合词：safe(安全的)+guard(保卫) (例) smear one’s skin with suntan lotion as a safeguard against sunburn.
primate
(英) n. 灵长类(动物)(any of an order of mammals comprising humansapesmonkeys) (记) prim(最早的)+ate→最早的动物→灵长类
gangrene
(英) n.坏疽(decay of body tissue caused by insufficient blood supply)
effluvia
(英) n.气味恶臭(stink);废料(a byproduct or residue) (考) 反义词：desired products(要求的产品) (记) ef(出)+fluv=flu(指流出不好的东西)+ia→流污水→恶臭
evolve
(英) v. 使逐渐形成进化(cause to develop naturally and gradually) (记) e(出)+volve(卷转) →转出来→发展进化 (同) 派生词: evolution (n. 进化进化论)
disruptive
(英) adj. 制造混乱的(causing disruption) (记) disrupt+ive
connive
(英) v. 默许(feign ignorance of another＇s wrongdoing)；共谋(conspire) (记) con＋nive(眨眼睛)→互相眨眼睛→共谋，纵容 (同) 派生词: connivance (n. 共谋，纵容); conniving (adj.搞阴谋的)
tantamount
(英) adj.与…相等的(equivalent in valuesignificanceor effect) (考) 反义词：incommensurate(不相称的) (记) tant(相等)+amount(数量)→等量的 (例) He considered the note tantamount to a declaration of war.
fusillade
(英) n.\v. (枪炮)齐射，连发(a simultaneous or rapid and continuous discharge of many firearms) (考) armada : vehicles \ fusillade : projectiles(船只组成舰队\炮弹组成连发) (记) 来自fusilier(火枪手)
secretive
(英) adj. 守口如瓶的(liking to keep one’s thoughtsintentionsor actions hidden from other people) (考) 反义词：grandiloquent(夸大的，张扬的)
boor
(英) n.举止粗野的人(a rudeawkward person)；乡下人(a peasant) (考) credulous : dupe \ insensitive : boor \ mischievous : imp(易上当之人轻信\鲁钝之人感觉迟钝\顽童顽皮)neophyte : experience \ boor : sensitivity(新手缺乏经验\鲁钝之人缺乏敏感)反义词: civil person(有礼貌的人)
calculus
(英) 微积分学(branch of mathematicsdivided into two parts that deals with problems involving rates of variation)
intolerant
(英) adj. 不容异己的(not tolerant; bigoted; illiberal) (记) 来自intolerate(不容忍)in(不)+tolerate(宽容)
thrust
(英) v. 猛力推(to push or drive with force)；刺，戳(stabpierce) (例) He thrust his spade into the ground.
economize
(英) v. 节省(钱、时间)(to avoid waste or needless expenditure) (记) 来自 economy(经济节约)
saccharin
(考) butter : margarine \ sugar : saccharin(黄油和人造黄油\糖和人造糖精) (记) sacchar(糖)+in→糖精 (同) 同根词：saccharine(声调极甜的)；saccharize(使糖化)
trilogy
(英) n. 三部曲(a group of three related books) (记) tri（三）+logy
hinge
(英) n. 铰链(a joint)；关键(pivot) (例) The home is the hinge on which family life turns.
incubus
(英) n. 恶梦(a nightmare)，梦魇般的精神压力，负担(burden) (记) in+cub(睡)+us，原指在妇女睡觉时和妇女同眠的怪物
skulduggery
(英) n.舞弊(underhanded or unscrupulous behavior) (记) 分割记忆：skul(＝skull头颅，脑袋)＋dug(挖)＋gery→挖脑袋→想方设法作假
crumb
(英) n. 饼屑，面包屑(small particles of bread or cake)；碎裂的东西(any bit or scrap) (考) pottery : shard \ bread : crumd(陶器和陶器碎片\面包和面包屑) (记) 和下面的crumble(弄碎)一起记，把面包弄碎(crumble the bread into crumbs) (例) Sweep up the crumbs from under the table.
lionize
(英) v. 崇拜，看重(to treat as a celebrity) (考) lionize : admire \ vituperate : despise(崇拜是十分钦佩\辱骂是十分鄙视) (记) lion(狮子)+ize→把人看作狮子→崇拜
resumed
(考) 反义词：truce(休战)-resumed fighting(继续战斗)
scramble
(英) v. 攀登(to move or climb hastily)；争夺(to struggle eagerly for possession of sth.) (记) 分割记忆：scr看作scale(攀登)+amble(快走) (例) scramble up the ladder(爬上梯子)
amiable
(英) n. 和蔼的，亲切的(good naturedaffablegenialcordial) (考) 反义词：inimical(敌意的) (同) 派生词: amiability (n. 友好和蔼可亲) (例) She is amiablenot aloof.
destructible
(英) adj. 可破坏的(that can be destroyed) (记) de(坏)+struct(建立)+ible→把建造的东西弄坏→毁坏的
canary
(英) n. 谣言，假新闻(a false malicious report) (记) 和下面的canary一起记，联想：金丝雀特别会叫，似乎造谣(canary makes canard )
thrive
(考) 反义词：languish(衰弱); wizened(枯萎)
habituate
(英) v. 使习惯于(to make used to; accustom) (考) sensitization: allergic\habituation: inured(敏感化造成过敏\习惯化造成习惯) (记) habit(住，习惯)+uate习惯于; (同) 参考：habitude(习惯的行为方式)派生词: habituation (n. 习惯)
flinch
(英) v.畏缩，退缩(to draw back; to wince; cower; cringe) (考) droll : laugh \ grisly : flinch(滑稽的使人发笑\恐怖的使人畏缩) (记) 分割记忆：fl看作fly+inch(寸)，一寸一寸向后飞→退缩 (例) We all flinched when we saw the cars collide.
dehydrate
(英) v. 除去水分，脱水(to remove water from) (考) detoxify : poison \ dehydrate : water(解毒去除毒素\脱水去除水)abraded : friction \ desiccated : dehydration(磨擦造成磨损\脱水造成干燥)dehydrate : water \ wither : vitality \ fade : brightening(脱水使水减少\衰退使精力减少\褪色使亮度减少)fatigue : rest \ de (记) de+hydr(水)+ate→去水，脱水； (同) 派生词: dehydration (n. 脱水)同根词：hydrant(水龙头); anhydrous(无水的)
permanence
(考) evanescent : permanence \ archaic : currency(易逝的对永久\陈旧的对现行)反义词：transience(短暂)
ingestion
(记) in(内)+gest(带来产生)+ion→带到里面→摄取
lithe
(英) adj. 柔软的，易弯曲的(flexible; supple; limber; lissome) (记) 参考blithe(欢乐的，轻快的)
unbridled
(英) adj.放纵的(violent; uncontrolled) (例) His unbridled tongue has often got him into trouble.
antipathy
(英) n. 反感厌恶(strong dislike) (考) 反义词：affection(友爱)；benevolence (善意); settled fondness (坚定的喜爱); propensity (偏好) (记) anti+pathy(感情) →反感 (同) 同根词: apathy(冷漠); sympathy(同情)
scuff
(考) scuff : abrasion \ heat : vaporization(拖着走使磨损\加热使蒸发)
unconventionality
(考) 反义词：fidelity to custom(忠实于传统) (记) 来自形容词unconventional(非常规的)+ity
identification
(考) disguise : identification \ camouflage : detection(掩饰是为了防止识别\伪装是为了防止发现) (记) iden(相同)+tification→使东西相同→确认; (同) 参考：identical(同一的)
matriarchy
(英) n. 母权制；妇女统治(domination by woman) (记) matri(母)+archy(统治) (同) 同根词：matriculate(录取入学); matron(妻子，主妇)
manifold
(英) adj. 繁多的(having many and various forms)；多种的(of many sorts) (记) mani(=many许多)+fold(折叠，层次)→多种的 (例) The newlywed couple received manifold blessings of their friends and relatives.
rag
(英) n. 旧布，碎布 (old cloth);破旧衣服(an old worn-out garment)
grandiloquent
(英) adj.(语言等)夸张的，夸大的(using high-flownpompousbombastic words) (考) gaudy : apparel \ grandiloquent : speak(俗丽的衣服\浮夸的语言)反义词：secretive(遮掩的) (记) grandi(大的)+log(说话)+ent_说大话的 (例) What he said were more grandiloquent than substantial.(他说的话流于浮夸)
annoying
(英) adj. 使人颇为生气的(causing slight anger ) (考) annoying : gadfly \ rude : churl(牛虻[讨厌的人]很烦人\乡下人很粗鲁) (例) This interruption is very annoying.
abstracted
(英) adj. 心不在焉的(withdrawn; absentminded)
gleanable
(英) v. 拾落穗(to gather grains left by reapers)；收集(材料等)(to collect or find out) (例) glean information about sb’s family
analytical
(英) adj. 分析的，分解的(of or using analysis) (记) 来自analysis(分析): ana+lysis(分开) →分开来→分析
probity
(英) n. 刚直，正直(uprightness; honesty) (考) disinterested : partisanship \ venal : probity(公正的不会有党派偏见\贪污的不会正直)反义词：turpitude(卑鄙); unscrupulousness(肆无忌惮)
hydroelectric
(英) adj. 水力发电的(using water-power to produce electricity) (记) hydro(水)+electric(电)
declaration
(英) n. 宣言宣布(formally announcing) (记) declare(宣称断言)+ation
periphery
(英) n. 外围，不重要的部分(the external boundary or surface) (记) peri(周围)＋pher(带)＋y→带到周围→外围 (例) Bill lives on the periphery of a big cityand he takes a bus downtown every day to work.
freeway
(英) n. 高速公路(a multiple-lane highway) (记) free(自由)+way→自由路→高速路; (同) 参考：free 所组合的词：freethinker(自由思想家)，free-lance(自由作家)free-minded(心情轻松的)
moldy
(英) adj. 发霉的 ( covered with mold)
cuticle
(英) n. 表皮(the outer layer of the skin; epidermis)
scalding
(英) adj. 滚烫的(hot enough to scald)
insouciance
(记) in(不)+souci(担心)+ance→不担心→漠不关心
feeble
(英) adj.虚弱的(weakfaint) (例) a feeble old man
scepter
(英) n. 权利杖 (a staff as an emblem of authority)；君权(sovereignty)
consort
(英) v. 结交(associate with);n. 配偶( husband or wife) (记) con(共同)+sort(类型) →同类相聚 (同) 同根词: assorted(各式各样的); resort(度假胜地常去地)
incinerate
(英) v. 焚化，毁弃(to burn to ashes; cremate) (记) in(进入)+ciner(灰)+ate→变成灰→焚化 (同) 同根词：cinerary(灰的，骨灰的)
bale
(英) n.大包裹(a large bundle)；灾祸，不幸(evil; disaster) (记) bale来自ball(球)→大包裹，负担→不幸
greenhouse
(考) greenhouse : plant \ incubator : infant(植物在温室中成长\婴儿在保育器中成长)
languish
(英) v. 衰弱(to lose vigor or vitality)； (考) 反义词：thrive(茁壮成长) (例) She languished for his love and gave him languishing looks.
catalyst
(英) 催化剂促使事情发展的因素(a person or thing acting as the stimulus in bringing about or hastening a result) (考) enzyme : catalyst \ bacterium : microbe(酶是一种催化剂\细菌是一种微生物)反义词：inhibitor(抑制剂) (记) cata(下面)+lyst=(溶解)→起溶解作用→催化
venture
(英) n. 风险投资，冒险事业; v. 冒险( risk something dangerous) (记) vent（来到）+ure→来到危险→冒险
dock
(英) v. 剪短(to shorten the tail by cutting)扣除…的一部分(to deduct a part from wages) (例) Bob’s pay was docked for being late.
rescript
(英) n. 公告，法令 (an authoritative orderdecree)；重抄(the act of rewriting) (记) re(重新)+script(写)→重抄，公告
instruct
(英) v. 教授科目或技巧; 指导(give orders or directions) (考) didactic : instruct \ comic : amuse(教诲的目的是教导\喜剧的目的是娱乐) (记) in(进)+struct(建立) →把知识建立进去→指导
table
(英) v.搁置，不加考虑(to remove from consideration indefinitely) (考) 反义词：consider(考虑) (例) The investigation was temporarily tabled due to more pressing business.
subscribe
(英) v.捐助( to give something in accordance with a promise)；订购 (to enter one’s name for a publication or service) (记) sub(下面)＋scribe(写)→签署，写下订单→订购 (例) subscribe a large sum to the flood relief fund／subscribe a journal(订刊物)
deductive
(英) adj. 推理的(reasoning by deduction) (记) deduce+tive
verbal
(英) adj. 口头的 (spoken) (记) verb（词语）+al
deferential
(英) adj. 顺从的恭顺的(showing deference) (考) deferential : offend \ intransigent : acquiesce \ scornful : respect(顺从的不会冒犯\不妥协的不会同意\轻蔑的不会尊敬) (记) 来自defer(v.延期敬从;de[坏]+fer[带来] →带来坏→延期;de[强调]+fer→一再带来敬意)
hubris
(英) n. 过分自傲，目中无人(wanton insolence or arrogance) (考) hubris : pride \ flattery : praise(自大是过分骄傲\奉承是过分赞扬)parsimony : frugal \ hubris : proud(吝啬是过分节敛\狂妄是过分骄傲)反义词：humility(谦卑) (记) 分割记忆：hub(中心)+ris 看作 rise→中心升起→以(自我)为中心→目中无人
decoy
(英) v.诱骗(lure or bait) (例) They decoyed him into a dark street.(他们诱骗他走进一条黑黝黝的街道)
philology
(记) phil(爱)+ology(语言)→语言学
obstruct
(英) v. 阻塞，截断(to block with obstacles; clog) (考) 反义词：facilitate(加速进行); unocclude(顺畅的)-obstructed (记) ob(反)+struct(建造)→反对建造→阻塞 (同) 派生词: obstruction (n. 阻挠，障碍); obstructionist (n. 妨碍者) (例) The crash obstructed the road for several hours.
throttle
(英) v.掐脖子(choke)； 扼杀(suppress);n.节流阀(a valve for regulating the supply of a fluid to an engine) (记) throt(=throat喉)+tle→掐脖子 (例) The thief throttled the dog to keep it from barking.
sluice
(英) v.冲洗(to wash with water) (例) sluice a deck with hoses(用水龙带冲洗甲板)
knit
(英) 编结针织(to make [cloth or a piece of clothing] by looping yarn or thread together with special needles) (考) needle : knit \ loom : weave(针用来编织\织布机用来织布)knit : yarn \ plait : hair(编织用纱线\编辫用头发)反义词：ravel (拆开) (例) to knit scarves \ to knit one’s brow when confused
mores
(英) n. 风俗习惯，道德观念(folkways conductive to the welfare of society) (记) 分割记忆：more+s，mor(道德); (同) 参考：moral(道德的) (例) the mores of an author(作者的道德观)
primeval
(英) adj. 原始的早期的(of the earliest times) (记) prim(最早)+ev(时间)+al
fallacious
(英) adj.欺骗的(misleading or deceptive)；谬误的(erroneous) (考) 反义词：valid(正确的) (例) the fallacious gossip about the movie star
frowzy
(英) adj. 不整洁的，污秽的(dirty and untidy; slovenly; unkempt) (考) 反义词：dapper(整洁的) (记) 也作 frowsy; 联想记忆：frow(家庭主妇)或 frown(皱眉头)，家庭主妇做家务，所以不整洁(frow→frowzy)，不整洁所以皱眉头(frown)
inapparent
(英) adj. 不明显的不显著的(not clear) (考) 反义词：ostensible(表面的) (记) in(不)+apparent(adj.显而易见的)
moderate
(英) adj. 不过分的，有节制的(not extremeexcessiveorintense)；v. 减轻，节制(to make temperate; reasonable) (考) moderate : intensity \ extenuate : seriousness(缓和是消除强度\减轻是消除严重) (例) The wind was strong all daybut it moderated after sunset.
slanderous
(英) adj.诽谤的(false and defamatory oral statement) (记) slander(诽谤)＋ousslander可能来自 scandal(丑闻，诽谤)
beat
(英) v.心跳(pulsatevibrate)；搅拌(to mix by stirring; whip) (考) grow : burgeon \ beat : palpitate(成长和快速成长\跳动和快速跳动) (同) 派生词: beater (n. 搅拌器)
condign
(英) adj.罪有应得的；适宜的(［of punishment］ severe and well deserved) (考) 反义词：undeserved(不应该的); unmerited(不配的) (记) con＋dign（高贵）→惩罚罪行，弘扬高贵 (同) 同根词：indignant（愤怒的）；indignity（侮辱）
impertinent
(英) adj. 不恰当的，粗鲁的(saucy; insolent; impudent) (考) 反义词：obeisant(尊敬的) (记) im(不)+pertinent(恰当的)→不恰当的 (例) You should apologize for your impertinent behavior.
loathe
(英) v. 憎恨，厌恶(abhor; detest; hate) (记) 来自loath(不愿意的，厌恶的)分割记忆：l(看作leave)+oath(誓言)→发誓离开→憎恨 (例) Tom loathes travelling by air.
partition
(英) n. 隔开; 隔墙(division) (记) part(部分)＋ition→分成部分→分开 (例) Mary hung a calendar on her partition at work.
alert
(英) adj. 警惕的机警的(quick to think or act);n. 警报(warning); (考) stupor : alert \ despair : hopeful (昏迷不再机警\绝望不再有希望) (同) 派生词: alertness (n. 警戒戒备)
sermonize
(英) v.说教，讲道(to compose or deliver a sermon) (记) sermon(布道)＋ize; (同) 参考：homiletics(布道学)
euphoria
(英) n. 幸福愉快感(feeling of vigorwell-beingor high spirits) (记) eu(好)+phor(带来)+ia(病)→带来好处的病→欣快 (同) 同根词：semaphore(信号灯)
edify
(英) v. 陶冶启发(to enlightenor uplift morally or spiritually) (记) ed(吃)+ify(表示动作)→吃下去→启发，陶冶 (同) 同根词: edible(可食的); edacious(暴食的)派生词: edification (n. 陶治，教诲); edifying (adj 开导的启发的) (例) He reads edifying books to improve his mind.
retroactive
(例) The new law was made retroactive to 1 January.
profusion
(英) n. 丰富，大量(great quantity)；浪费(lavish expenditure) (考) 反义词：paucity(稀少) (例) a profuse spender（大手大脚化钱的人)
crescendo
(英) n. (音乐)渐强，高潮 (a gradual increase in loudness) (考) crescendo : sound \ acceleration : tempo(渐强是加强声音\加速是加快速度) (记) crescend(成长，上升)+o→(音乐)渐强 (同) 同根词：crescent(新月)
apolitical
(英) adj. 不关心政治的(not interested in politics) (记) 分割记忆: apo(离开远离)apolitical→远离政治的→不关心政治的
equation
(英) n. 等式(two expressions connected by the sign’=’);等同相等(action of making equal ) (记) equate+ion
radius
(英) n. 半径 (a straight line going from the side of a circle to the center) (考) spoke : hub \ radius : center(轮辐到轮轴距离相同\半径到圆心距离相同)
elixir
(英) n.万灵药长生不老药(cure-all; panacea)
loiter
(英) v. 游荡(to linger)；走走停停(to walk or move slowly and indolently (例) The tourists loitered about the town squarebrowsing through several of the shops. (browsing: 浏览)
corporate
(英) adj. 团体的 (having the nature of a corporation)；共同的(shared by all members of a unified group) (记) corpor(身体团体)+ate→是一个团体的 (例) a company’s corporate policies
apparition
(英) n. 幽灵，神奇的现象(a strange figure appearing suddenly and thought to be a ghost) (记) appar(出现)+ition→出现的幽灵; (同) 参考：appearance(出现，外貌)，来自同一词源
exhortation
(考) exhortation : motivate \ invective : discredit \ persiflage :incite(劝告为了激发\指责为了羞辱\嘲弄为了激起情绪)exhortative : urge \ didactic : teach(力劝的[东西]敦促\教悔的[东西]教育)
generator
(英) n. 发电机(dynamo)
torridness
(考) 反义词：frigidity(寒冷)
tirade
(英) n.长篇的攻击性讲话 (longangry speech) (考) bombast : pompous \ tirade : critcal(夸大言辞是夸大的\攻击性演说是批评的)anger : tirade \ exaggeration : hyperbole(攻击性演说表达愤怒\夸张法表示夸张)反义词：dispassionate speech(心平气和的演说) (记) tir(拉)+ade→拉长的话→长篇演说
hoist
(英) 吊高升起(to lift or pull up by means of a cablepulleycraneetc. );起重机(an apparatus for raising heavy things; elevator; tackle) (考) bolster : support \ tackle : hoist(枕梁起到支撑作用\滑索起到拉升作用) (例) The war hoisted prices.(战争使物价上涨)
deposition
(英) n. 免职(removal from office or position);沉积 (the laying down of matter);作证(to make a testimony) (考) 反义词：perjury(伪证); process of eroding(侵蚀过程) (例) The head of state was deposed by the army．
syllogism
(英) n. 三段论法(a reasoned argument in which there are two statements which must lead to a third statement) (考) remonstrance : offend \ syllogism : disprove(抗议是为了反对\三段论是为了反驳)
dwarf
(英) 侏儒矮小的植物(any human beinganimalor plant that is much smaller than the usual one of its species) (例) a dwarf apple tree\ the art of dwarfing trees.
exhilaration
(记) exhilarate(v.使高兴;ex[出]+hilar[高兴]+ate→高兴溢于言表)+ation
dynamic
(英) adj. 动态的(opposed to static)；有活力的(energetic; vigorous) (记) dynam(力量)+ic→有活力的; n. dynamics(力学) (同) 同根词: dynamo(发电机); dynamite(炸药) (例) a dynamic dancer
patch
(英) n. 补丁(a piece of material used to mend or cover a hole)；一小片(土地)(a small piece) (例) a patch of cloud in the blue sky \ a patch of cabbages
troth
(英) n.(婚姻)宣誓(pledge of good faith in betrothal)
clarion
(英) n.尖音小号声(shrilltrumpetlike sound) (考) 反义词：soft and undistinct(低声难辨的)
forebear
(英) n. 祖宗祖先(person from whom one is descended)
ebb
(英) v. 退潮(to flow back; recede)；衰退(decline; wane) (例) Water washed up on the shorethen slowly ebbed away. The politician’s popularity has ebbed.
acclaimed
(英) 欢呼的称赞的 (记) 来自acclaim(v.欢呼喝彩 ac[一再]+claim[呼喊] →一再喊→欢呼)
upheaval
(英) n.动乱，大变动 (extreme agitation or disorder) (记) 来自upheave(举起，鼓起)，up+heave(举起，胀起) (例) political upheavals(政治动乱)
putrefy
(英) v.使腐烂(to make putrid) (记) putr(腐烂)＋efy→使腐烂，注意不要和petrify(石化)相混
dynamite
(英) adj. 动人心弦的(exeremely inspiring)；n.炸药(explosives) (例) That news story is really a dynamite.
crockery
(英) n. 陶器瓦器(cupsplatesdishes made of baked clay)
harp
(考) horn : blow \ harp : pluck(吹喇叭\拔竖琴)
fertilizer
(英) n.肥料化肥(natural or artificial substance added to soil to make it more productive) (记) 来自fertilize
memento
(英) n. 纪念品(souvenir) (记) mement(时刻)+o→记住那一时刻→纪念品
designation
(英) n. 指定(pointing out or marking out; indication)；名称，称呼(title) (记) de+sign(标出)+ation→标出来→指定; (同) 参考：design(设计)
receptive
(英) adj.善于接受的(open and responsive) (考) patriotic : chauvinistic \ receptive : gullible(沙文主义是过分爱国\轻信是过分易接受) (记) recept(接受)＋ive (例) He’s not very receptive to my suggestions.
stout
(英) adj.肥胖的(bulky in body)；强壮的(sturdyvigorous) (例) a stout wall(坚固的墙)／stout legs(粗壮的腿)
pedagogy
(英) n. 教育学，教学法(the artscience of teaching) (记) ped(儿童)＋agog(引导)＋y→引导儿童之学→教学 (同) 同根词：demagogue(煽动者) (例) The old-fashioned teacher dismissed modern methods of pedagogy.
valor
(英) n.英勇 (personal bravery) (记) val(强大)+our→强壮，勇敢 (同) 同根词：valid(有效的)；valorous(英勇的)
wrongdoing
(英) n. 不道德的行为，坏事(badevilor illegal behavior) (例) such wrongdoing should be punished
fraud
(英) n. 欺诈，欺骗(deceit; trickery)；骗子(impostor; cheat) (考) forgery : counterfeit \ embezzlement : fraud(伪造品是一种赝品\贪污是一种欺骗)
impostor
(英) n. 冒充者，骗子(person who deceives under false name) (记) im(进入)+post(放)+or→把自己放入别人的角色→冒充者 (同) 派生词: imposture (n. 冒名顶替，欺骗)
figurine
(英) n.小塑像，小雕像(a small sculptured or molded figure; statuette) (考) colossus : figurine \ boulder : pebble(大小: 巨型雕像小雕像\大卵石小卵石)vestige : remainder \ figurine : statue(遗迹是一种遗物\小雕像是一种雕像) (记) figure(人物)+ine(小的)→小人物→小雕像
reenact
(记) re（再）+enact（制定，扮演）
adaptable
(英) adj.有适应能力的(able to adjust oneself to new circumstances)；可改编的，可改写的(that can be adapted) (记) adapt(适应)+able(能…的)；注意: adept(adj. 老练的); (同) 派生词: adapt(v.适应改写)；adaptor（变压器）同根词：aptitude(能力); ineptitude(无能ept=apt)
exactitude
(英) n. 极端的正确性或精确性(over-correctness) (考) 反义词：imprecision(不精确) (记) exact(精确的)+itude
benevolent
(英) adj. 善心的，仁心的(kindlycharitable) (考) sage : wisdom \ philanthropist : benevolence(哲人有智慧\慈善家有善心)反义词: antipathy(厌恶); truculence(凶残) (记) bene(好)+vol(意志)+ent→好意的 (同) 派生词: benevolence (n. 善心，仁心)同根词: volition(意志决心); malevolent(恶意的)
duplication
(英) n. 复制重复(being duplicated) (例) Duplication of effort is a waste of time.
sovereign
(英) n.最高统治者，元首(one that exercises supreme authority) (记) sove(＝over超过)＋reign(统治) (例) The true sovereigns of a country are those who determine its mode of thinking.
confess
(英) v. 承认，供认(admit that one has done wrong) (考) recantation : error \ confession : crime(认错是承认错误\供认是供认罪行) (记) con(全部)+fess(说) →全部说出→坦白 (同) 同根词: profess(声称讲授); professor(教授)派生词: confession(自白招供)
mildew
(英) 霉(因潮湿而生)(a disease of plant; whitish coating on the affected partscaused by any of various fungi) (记) mild(潮湿)+dew(露珠)→潮湿的露珠产生霉 (同) 派生词: mildewed (adj. 陈腐的) (例) a mildewed joke(陈腐的笑话); \ a mildewed book
treaty
(英) n. 条约(an agreement made between countries);协议(agreement between people) (考) rectify : treaty \ confirm : hypothesis(调整协议\确认假设) (记) treat（处理）+y→做出处理的文件→条约
belongings
(英) n.所有物，财产(possessions; property)
evaporate
(英) v. (使某物)蒸发掉(cause sth to change into vapor and disappear) (考) evaporate : vapor \ petrify : stone(蒸发产生蒸汽\石化产生石头)volatile : evaporate \ soluble : dissolve(易挥发的容易挥发\易溶解的容易溶解) (记) e(出) +vapor(水汽)+ate→使水汽出来→蒸发
deduce
(英) v. 演绎推断(arrive at a theory by reasoning) (记) de(向下)+duce(引导) →向下引→推论
dissolved
(考) clot : dissolved \ crowd : dispersed(凝块被溶解\人群被驱散)
melancholy
(英) adj. 忧郁的(depressed)；令人悲伤的(causing depression) (记) melan(黑色)+chol(=bile胆汁)+y→胆汁发黑→忧郁的 (同) 派生词: melancholic (adj. 忧郁的 ) (例) The melancholy song made me cry.
stature
(英) n. 身高，身材 (nature height in an upright position) (记) stat(站)＋ure(状态)→站的状态→身高 (例) She was rather small in stature.
dodge
(英) v. 闪开，躲避(shift suddenly to avoid a blow) (考) escape : capture \ dodge : blow(逃跑是为了防止被捕获\躲避是为了防止被打击) (例) Mike dodged the cars. to dodge controversial issues.
medium
(英) n. 媒介(something intermediate)；(细菌等)生存环境(any surrounding or pervading substance in which bodies exist or move) (考) plant : soil \ organism(bacterium): medium \ parasite : host(植物生长在土壤中\生物体（细菌）生长在培养基中\寄生虫生长在宿主身上) (记) medi(中间)+um→中间物，媒介 (例) A fish in water is in its natural medium.
primary
(英) adj. 首要的(chief; main; principal);起初的(earliest in time)
anachronistic
(英) adj. 时代错误的落伍过时的(old-fashioned) (考) anachronistic : time \ discordant : sound(年代错误是时间错误\不和谐是声音错误) (记) 联系anachronism(n.时代错误;ana[错误在旁边]+chron[时间]+ism→时代错误)
relocate
(英) v. 重新安置，迁徙(establish in a new place) (记) re（重新）+locate（定位）
actuarial
(英) adj. (保险)精算的;保险计算的(calculating; pertaining to insurance statistics) (记) actual(精确的实际的)+arial; (同) 派生词: actuary (n.精算师)
ersatz
(英) adj. 代用的，假的(substitute or synthetic; artificial)
perseverance
(英) n. 不屈不挠，坚持不懈 (continual steady effort) (考) 反义词：cessation of effort(停止努力)
indispensability
(考) indigent : wealth \ redundant : indispensability(穷困的没有财富\多余的不是不可缺少)
rive
(考) 反义词：unite(联合)
immoderate
(英) adj. 无节制的，过度的(without restraint; excessive) (记) im(不)+moderate(节制的)→不节制的 (例) She never drinks an immoderate amount of beer.
inestimable
(英) adj. 无法评价的难以估量的(too greatprecious to be estimated) (记) in(不)+estimable(可估量的)
distinguished
(英) adj. 著名的，卓越的(celebrated; eminent) (记) 来自 distinguish(区别)dis+stingu(刺激)+ish (同) 同根词: instigate(教唆煽动); extinguish(熄灭) (例) A distinguished actor starred in the play.
lurk
(英) v. 潜伏，埋伏(to stay hidden; lie in wait) (考) lurk : wait \ abscond : depart \ hoard : save(潜伏是偷偷地等\潜逃是偷偷地走\隐藏是偷偷地藏) (例) A snake was lurking in the grass. Guerrillas lurk in the forests.
candid
(英) adj. 率直的(not hiding one’s thoughts) (考) 反义词: dissembling(掩饰的) (记) cand(白发光)+id→白的→坦白的
defunct
(英) adj. 死亡的 (dead or extinct) (记) de+funct(功能)→无功能→过时的 (同) 同根词：dysfunction(功能失调) (例) defunct ideas
metaphysics
(英) n. 形而上学，玄学(a branch of philosophy) (考) insect : butterfly \ philosophy : metaphysics(蝴蝶是一种昆虫\形而上学是一种哲学) (记) meta(变化，超过)+physics(物理)→在物理之上→形而上学
unspoken
(记) un（不）+spoken（说出的）
fathomable
(考) 反义词：occult(神秘的); measurable(可测量的)
demographic
(记) 来自demography(n. 人口统计学;demo[人民]+graphy[学科] →人口学)
mortification
(英) n. 耻辱，屈辱(shamehumiliationchagrin)
hitherto
(英) adv. 到目前为止(until now) (例) a woman referred to hitherto as Mrs X
compass
(英) n. 指南针罗盘; 界限范围(scoperange) (考) thermometer : temperature \ compass : direction(温度计用来测温度\指南针用来指方向) (记) com(共同)+pass(通过) →共同的地方→做事的范围
surrender
(英) v. 投降( give in to the power);放弃( give up possession or control of ) (考) inalienable : surrendered \ implacable : propitiated(无法剥夺的不能放弃\无法平静的不能安抚)反义词：appropriate(挪用侵占) (记) sur（在…下面）+render（给予）→把（枪）放下去→投降
reparation
(英) n. 赔偿，补偿(repairingrestorationcompensation)
void
(英) adj. 空的，缺乏的(empty) (例) an aching void left by the death of her child
musket
(英) n. 旧式步枪 (a type of gun used in former times) (考) daguerreotype : photograph \ musket : firearm(早期银板相片是老相片\早期步枪是老枪炮)
encomiastic
(英) adj.赞颂的赞颂者的(praising; eulogistic)
elaborate
(英) adj. 精致的，复杂的(fullness of detail or ornateness; exquisite) (考) 反义词：abstract(抽象的摘要的) (记) e+labor(劳动)+ate→(努力)劳动出来的→精致的 elaborate[I’lXbEreIt]v. 详尽地说明阐明 (英) v. 详尽地说明阐明(to describe in detail; elucidate) (考) fawn : imperiousness \ equivocate : directness \ articulate : unclear \ elaborate : sketchy(奉承的反面特征是傲慢\含糊其词反面特征是直接\清楚地说反面特征是不清楚\详述的反面特征是粗略)反义词：simplify(简化) (例) Don’t elaborate! I don’t want to hear every little detail.
preside
(英) v. 任主席; 负责(act as presidentchairman)；指挥(to exercise control) (记) pre(前面)+side(坐)→坐在前面→主持，指挥; (同) 参考：president(总统，校长) (例) When court is in sessionthe judge presides.
