GRE Math Flashcards
least common multiple
The least common multiple of two nonzero integers a and b is the least positive integer that is a multiple
of both a and b. For example, the least common multiple of 30 and 75 is 150.
Combinations
n!\k!(n-k)!
greatest common divisor (or greatest common factor)
The greatest common divisor (or greatest common factor) of two nonzero integers a and b is the
greatest positive integer that is a divisor of both a and b. For example, the greatest common divisor of 30
and 75 is 15.
the remainder of a/b
r = a - qb
even integer
integer that is divisible by 2. This includes 0.
odd integer
integer that is not divisible by 2. When a positive odd integer is divided by 2 the remainder is 1.
prime number
integer greater than 1 that has only two positive divisors, 1 and itself. 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29
prime factorization
a number expressed as a product of factors that are prime numbers. Every integer greater than 1 is either prime or can be expressed in a prime factorization
a^0, 0^0, a^(-1)
a^0 = 1, 0^0 = undefined, a^-1 = 1/a
sqrt(a)*sqrt(b) =
sqrt(a)sqrt(b) = sqrt(ab)
sqrt(a)/sqrt(b) =
sqrt(a)/sqrt(b) = sqrt(a/b)
of roots for odd order roots
For odd-order roots, there is exactly one root for every number n, even when n is negative.
of roots for even-order roots
For even-order roots, there are exactly two roots for every positive number n and no roots for any
negative number n.
real numbers
consists of all rational and irrational numbers