graphic design quiz 2 Flashcards
An invisible structure used as a guide, to help arrange elements on the page.
Grids
The background area without text, images or graphics. Use of adequate white space in a layout ensures visual breathing space for the viewer. It can help define proximity and organize elements.white space
white space
The elements in a design that look as though they belong together. It gives a sense of oneness with consistency and repetition.unity
unity
Printing inks of special colors, for example from the PMS system. Used to achieve an exact color that four color inks cannot provide because spot color is mixed according to a recipe.spot color
.spot color
A grayscale image printed with two printing inks instead of one. If you want to reproduce fine details in a black and white image, make it softer or tint it a color other than pure black, you use duotones. You usually print with black plus one spot color of your choice.duotones
duotones
An off press process. Printed products that should have a shape other than a rectangular one are die-cut. The die-cut or blade must be specially ordered and adds to the overall cost of the job.
die cutting
Bitmap images technically called raster images, are based on a grid of colors knows as pixels. Each pixel is assigned a special location and color value. In working with bitmap images, you edit groups of pixels. Bitmap graphics can represent subtle gradations of shade and color, so they are appropriate for continuous-tone images such as photographs. Bitmap images = raster images = pixel based.bitmap images
bitmap images
vector graphics
They are made of lines and curves defined by mathematical objects called vectors.
object graphics
They are more accurately appropriate for today’s software. These graphics retain their crispness whether they are moved, resized, or have their color changed. Vector graphics are appropriate for illustrations, type, and graphics such as logos that may be scaled to different sizes. Object graphics are based on bezier curves. Vector graphics = lines and curves = crisp edges even when resized (Object graphics).
trim
The edge of the page. This is the finished size of the job.
live area
The area that all important art, type, should appear. No necessary art, type or graphics should appear outside this area. If your supplied art contains type or image outside the live area there is the possibility that it will be cut off during trimming.
margins
the white area above, below, left & right of the live area. Art can continue outside the live area into the margins, but this should never be a crucial part of the page as it comes close to the trim line & could be cut off.
bleed
An area of text or graphics that extends beyond the edge of the page. Images that are supposed to run all the way to the paper edge has to be printed with bleed. Image must extend a bit outside of the page format, around 5mm or 1/8”. Bleed is the portion of art at the edge of the page that extends beyond the trim size. If your art goes to the edge of the page, it is important that there is enough extra art to extend past the trim line. This is so that we can cut into the art so no white edge will be left on the page after trimming. Art that extends into the bleed will be cut off at the trim line & should never include type (unless you want them to be trimmed off at the page edge for some artistic reason).
uppercase
Capital letters or caps of the alphabet. Abbreviated as Caps, UC or simply C.
lowercase
Small letters of the alphabet, abbreviated as lc.
