Graphic Design, Fundamentals, Principles, and its History Flashcards
can refer to a number of artistic and professional disciplines which focus on visual communication and presentation
Graphic Design
the art or profession of using design elements to convey information or create an effect
Design
something that is created with imagination and skills and that is beautiful or that expresses important ideas or feelings
Art
the fundamental particle of graphic design
Point
a mark connecting two points
Line
anything that has a width and height and is a shape
shape
when a shape becomes 3d
it can be 3d and exist in the real world or they can be implied using techniques like light shadow and perspective to create the illusion of depth
forms
the physical quality of a surface
texture
refers to the distribution of visual weight in art
balance
sought to define the principles of perception these are innate mental laws that determine how we see images
gestalt or whole form
create a focal point in a design composition
emphasis
is simply defined as difference.
contrast
the repeated use of particular elements a visual arts to create a pattern, movement, rhythm, or unity
repetition
helps deliver the message by controlling the viewers eye movement
rhythm
relates to the size of a design in relation to the height and width of an area in which it is placed
proportion and scales
this is referred to as the visual flow of your design
movement
unmarked space in the design
white space or negative space
what are the two types of white space
micro and macro
the space between the small elements like letters text lines paragraphs icons and buttons
micro white space (passive)
the space between bigger elements like text columns and graphics also refers to paddings and margins
macro white space (active)
among the world’s first known works of written communications
cave art in Lascaux france
originally based on the sumerian script and later adopted into a formal language around 3,200 bc
ancient egyptian hieroglyphs
like today’s new inventions during the mid to late 19th century change the way people lived or work
middle ages and industrial revolution
in 1454 this was invented by johannes gutenberg who was commissioned by the holy roman empire
the printing press
who wrote the gutenberg bible
johannes gutenberg
was the first book printed in western europe that intruded text reproduction to the masses
gutenberg bible
reflex values of the period which is clear class structures, sexual restraints, and the strict code of conduct
victorian advertising
who started american wood type posters
darius wells
started by darius wells who began making letter forms out of wood to solve problem where larger headline metal plates would break apart
american wood type posters
are typically fluid and flat
art nouveau
designs with less clutter started by lucian bernhard’s approach to strip away necessary items from a design
german minimalism
who started german minimalism
lucian bernhard
with new cost efficient printing technologies mass production of poster is became the primary tool for war propaganda
world war i propaganda
a movement where designers with radical new ideas were welcomed
russian constructivism
the most important influence in contemporary design
the bauhaus
who invented the bauhaus and when
walter gropius in 1919
designers were urged to speak to the masses in the least elitist way possible
american modernism
by 1934 the nazi propaganda machine used films books and graphic design to communicate its message and deducted many of the modernist ideas: simple messages, iconography, and strong forms.
world war ii propaganda
after the war the international style or swiss typography predominated european graphic design
swiss typography
when designer started making posters that followed style that was fluid and complex
the fillmore movement
