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Basic Wine Knowledge > Grape Varieties > Flashcards

Grape Varieties Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the preferred growing conditions for Riesling?

A

Does best cool to cold climates

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2
Q

What is the body range for a Reisling

A

It ranges from very light when made in the dry style too thick and syrupy when made in the super ripe dessert wine

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3
Q

What are varietal characteristics of the Riesling grape

A

Riesling is a grape that very effectively translates terroir, such that it does not have consistent varietal characteristic that can range from heavily mineral to lush and fruity depending on the growing condition. Is any generalization can be made younger Riesling tends to show floral characteristics well age Riesling tends to show honey and petrol gasoline notes

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4
Q

What is the preferred growing conditions for Sauvignon Blanc

A

Grows best in temperate to cold climates

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5
Q

What are the eight international grape varieties

A

Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, pinot Grigio, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Syrah, merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon

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6
Q

What is the body range for a Sauvignon Blanc

A

Light to medium

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7
Q

What are varietal characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc

A

Grapefruit, tropical fruits, gooseberries, fresh cut green grass, herbs and cat urine

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8
Q

What region in France is most famous for Sauvignon Blanc

A

Loire valley

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9
Q

What are the two villages in France are the most notable for being famous for their Sauvignon Blanc

A

Sancerre and Pouilly-Fume

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10
Q

Describe a textbook Sauvignon Blanc from th Loire Valley

A

Light, clean, acidic, and intensely grassy and herbal.

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11
Q

What would a Sauvignon Blanc most likely be aged in.

A

Stainless steel or neutral oak.

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12
Q

Describe two characteristics found in Sauvignon Blanc from New Zealand

A

Bright grapefruit, and tropical notes

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13
Q

Describe Sauvignon Blanc styles from California?

A

There are two styles made in California

  1. Clean light version aged in stainless steel or neutral oak that focus on fruit flavored
  2. The other approach is similar to that of Chardonnay, heavily manipulating the grape with barrel fermentation using new oak. Malolactic fermentation can also be used to soften the acidity
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14
Q

In Bordeaux what grape do they blend with Sauvignon Blanc

A

Semillon

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15
Q

What is the body range for Chardonnay!

A

Medium to full

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16
Q

What is the acid level for Chardonnay

A

Low to medium

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17
Q

How is Chardonnay usually aged

A

In oak barrels

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18
Q

What are the varietal characteristics of on old world Chardonnay

A

Citrus, green apples, olives, nuts and minerals

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19
Q

What are the varietal characteristics of a new world Chardonnay

A

Pears, apple pie, pineapple, toffee, butter, vanilla and spices

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20
Q

What grape is used in a Chablis wine and what region of France is Chablis from.

A

Chablis is made with Chardonnay and is from burgundy

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21
Q

What characteristics do Chardonnays show if they are from Chablis

A

Lean, acidic, mineral laden wines

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22
Q

What characteristics does a Chardonnay from Côte d’Or show

A

Considered the top region of burgundy producing Chardonnay that is rich complex with more pronounced oak characteristics

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23
Q

What style of Chardonnay is produced in pouilly-guise

A

Soft fruitier style than pouilly-fuisse

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24
Q

A white wine that is from Bordeaux and has predominantly sauvignon Blanc and some Semilliin in it what villages would it most likely be from

A

Graves or Pessac-Leognan. The Semillon is added to soften the sharp acidity of the Sauvignon Blanc adding a roundness to the wine

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25
Q

If you are drinking a white Bordeaux and it is predominantly Semillon, what areas might it be from

A

Sauternes or Barsac. This style would be sweet, botryised dessert wine. In these wines Sauvignon Blanc brings vibrant balancing acidity to the rich Semillon

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26
Q

What do they call Pinot Grigio’s in Germany and Austria

A

Rulander

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27
Q

What are the preferred growing conditions for the Pinot Grigio grape

A

Temperate to cool climate

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28
Q

What is the body range for a Pinot Grigio

A

Light to medium bodied

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29
Q

What is the acid level range of a Pinot Grigio

A

Medium to high

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30
Q

If a label says Pinot Gris, what does that mean

A

It was most likely aged in oak, which is the French style of production for this wine. Gris means grey in French. It yields rounded, medium bodied wines

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31
Q

If a wine label says Pinot Grigio and not Pinot Gris what does that most likely mean.

A

That it was aged in stainless or neutral barrels. This is the Italian style of production for this wine. It ends up being crisp, & higher in acid

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32
Q

What are the varietal characteristics of the Pinot Grigio grape

A

Green apple, citrus, minerals and spice

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33
Q

If a Pinot Grigio is labeled Pinot Gris what will its characteristics most likely be

A

Ride Apple, peaches, almonds, cream

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34
Q

If you are drinking a Pinot Gris from France were would most likely be from

A

Alsace - is were they created the French style for production of this grape aging it in oak barrels. This is the style also used in Germany, Oregon and most of California

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35
Q

The Pinot Grigio style of aging in Italy was developed in what area

A

Tre Venezie ( Vento, trentino-Alto and Friuli-Venezia). Italian Pinot Grigio is the most popular import wine in USA

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36
Q

Where did the Chardonnay grape originate

A

Austria

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37
Q

What is the preferred growing conditions for Chardonnay

A

Grown almost anywhere, the best are grown in temperate to cool climates

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38
Q

What white wine is usually fuller bodied and offers a softer acid?

A

Chardonnay - it tends to have more neutral characteristics that allow for heavy municipalition in the winery

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39
Q

What is the only white wine grape that can legally be grown in champagne, France

A

Chardonnay

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40
Q

What grape issued to Blanc de Blanc

A

Chardonnay

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41
Q

What are the best growing conditions for Pinot noir

A

Temperate to cool

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42
Q

What is the body range for Pinot noir

A

Light to medium

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43
Q

What are varietal characteristics of Pinot noir

A

Cranberries, cherry, wet earth, tobacco, smoke, spice and barnyard

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44
Q

What is the only white wine grape that can be grown in champagne France

A

Chardonnay

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45
Q

What a champagne called when is made from 100% Chardonnay

A

blanc de blanc

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46
Q

What grape is used the most in California to produce sparking wines

A

Chardonnay

47
Q

What is the classic style of Chardonnay produced in California

A

Soft , rich , oaky and buttery, this is due to heavy manipulation in the winery

48
Q

What are the characteristics of a Chablis Chardonnay

A

Lean, acidic, mineral laden

49
Q

What is the style of a Chardonnay from burgundy, Côte d’Or

A

Rich and complex with more pronounced oak characteristics

50
Q

What are the best growing conditions for Pinot noir

A

Temperate to cool

51
Q

What are the varietal characteristics of Pinot noir

A

Cranberries, cherries, wet earth, tobacco, leather, smoke, spices and barnyard

52
Q

Name three mutations of the Pinot noir grape

A

Pinot blanc, Pinot Grigio, and Pinot meunier

53
Q

What is the origin of the Pinot noir grape

A

Burgundy France

54
Q

If you are going to drink a Pinot noir from France, what region would it most like be from

A

Burgundy

55
Q

Describe a Pinot noir from burgundy

A

Very intense and complex with defined earthiness and often barnyard characteristics

56
Q

Describe a Pinot noir from the new world

A

More fruit driven, with softer hints of earth.

57
Q

What are the growing conditions for s Syrah grape.

A

Warm to hot

58
Q

Where is the Syrah grape originally from

A

The rhone valley

59
Q

Describe the varietal characteristics of of Syrah

A

Blackberries, raspberries, jam, leather, black pepper, smoke and meaty /gamey

60
Q

Describe a Rhone valley Syrah

A

Powerful, and deeply flavored with dark fruit,fresh cracked pepper corns, and smoky meatiness

61
Q

Describe an Australian Shiraz

A

Very ripe and loaded with jammy, berry fruit flavors

62
Q

Describe a South Africa Shiraz

A

Leaner and more earthy than an Australian or Cali.

63
Q

What are the best growing conditions for merlot

A

Temperate to warm

64
Q

What is the body range of a merlot

A

Medium to full

65
Q

What are the varietal characteristics of a Merlot

A

Blueberries, black cherries, plums, chocolate, spice, Cedar, and vanilla

66
Q

What is the pigmentation of a merlot

A

Extremely dark almost black in color it produces wines with heavy Tannins due to its thick skin

67
Q

What region has the best conditions for growing merlot

A

Right bank (eastern) if Gironde river, of Bordeaux France. The climate of the right bank of Bordeaux is slightly warmer and the soil is made up of rich clay

68
Q

What are the best growing conditions for Cabernet Sauvignon

A

Temperate to warm

69
Q

Describe the varietal characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon

A

Black currents, plums, black cherries, mint, bell pepper, Cedar, vanilla and musty wet dog

70
Q

Describe the skin of the Cabernet Sauvignon grape

A

Very thick skin and dark pigmentation lead to wines with intense Tannin levels and almost opaque pigmentation

71
Q

Cabernet Sauvignon is a natural cross between Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon Blanc. What characteristics do these two varietals the land to the cross

A

The Cabernet Franc provides the dark color as well as the herbal qualities, it gets vegetable notes from Sauvignon blanc

72
Q

What is the most famous growing region or Cabernet Sauvignon

A

Left Bank of Bordeaux, as the perfect combination of temperate climate and gravelly well draining soil

73
Q

What red varietal is the most widely planted in California

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

74
Q

Describe a Cabernet franc

A

Dark fruit, green bell pepper, and herbs. Has similar body power structure of Cabernet Sauvignon

75
Q

Describe a carignan

A

Red grape producing rich full bodied red wine. Grown in Spain and in small quantities in California. The best examples are found in southern France, especially cornered

76
Q

What is the lost great of Bordeaux

A

Carmenere, was almost wiped out by phylloxera in the mid 1800. Some survived after being replanted in chili. Produces structured wine with deep dark fruit and earthy flavors. Also called grand vidure

77
Q

Where is Chasselas grown

A

Switzerland, it produces lean crisp white table wines

78
Q

Describe is Chenin Blanc

A

Turn toward fruity flavors such as melon, red Apple, and tropical fruits. Use of oak aging is generally kept to a minimum. The highest quality examples come from the Loire Valley, specifically Vouvray and savennieres

79
Q

What region will you find cinsault

A

Southern France

80
Q

Where would you find Cortese

A

A white grape varietal grown in northwest Italian province of Piedmont. Used to produce dry, crisp white table wine such as Gavi

81
Q

Where would Corvina be grown

A

Hey red wine varietal that you will find in northeastern Italy specifically Valpolicella, Vento. It is a cool climate red grape varietal that produces smoky earthy red wines. Can also be used to produce powerful hi extract whines when the grapes are dried and raisened

82
Q

In what region would you most likely find Gamay

A

You are fine Gammy and bougie lay it is most famous for making like fruity red wines that exhibit floral notes

83
Q

Describe Gewürztraminer

A

The name referred spicy great in German. Produces wine that has a strong perfume spicy flavor profile reminiscent of lychee fruit rose petals and white pepper. It is primarily made into dry or slightly sweet table wines although it can be produced in many different styles.

84
Q

Describe Grenache

A

A red grape varietal originating in Spain. Grenache produces medium bodied red wines that usually exhibit red fruit, strawberry jam and also tend to have a high level of alcohol. It is the main great used in Southern Rhône Valley of France. Most notably Chateauneuf-du-Pape and Cotes-Rhone

85
Q

Name multiple places where Grenache it’s grown

A

The Rhône Valley, Province, Rioja, Australia and California

86
Q

What is the most important grape from Austria

A

Gruner Veltliner, produces light drive to semi sweet white wines reminiscent of lime zest and white pepper

87
Q

Describe a Lambrusco

A

A rustic red grape varietal grown in northern Italy especially in Lumbardy where it used to produce sweet sparkling red wines

88
Q

Where were you find the best Malbec

A

Argentina is known for its Malbec production. Malbec produces deeply colored dense structured wines with flavors of dark fruit. In France it is used as a minor blending great in bordeaux where it is known as cot

89
Q

Where will you find Marsanne

A

In the Northern Rhône Valley of France. It is usually blended With Roussanne

90
Q

Where will you find Mavrodaphine

A

In Greece it is used to produce sweet fortified red wines

91
Q

If you’re drinking the wine from muscadet what grape might it be.

A

Melon de Bourgogne is a white grape varietal that produces very cris Lightbody wines. Muscadet is in the Loire Valley

92
Q

Where is Nebbiolo grown

A

You will find it in piedmont Italy where the variety originated. Nebbiolo is used to make Borello and Barbaresco. Winds produce from this great bridal tend to be rich and powerful with high levels of acidity alcohol and especially tannins. Tends to be used with extended periods of oak aging

93
Q

Where is most petite sirah grown today

A

In California where produces full-bodied extremely deep colored red wines with the powerful tannin structure and a flavor profile reminiscent of right could fruit and pepper. It is also used in France as a blending grape

94
Q

Where will you most likely find petite Verdot

A

One of the blending grapes use for the production of red Bordeaux wines. It contributes colors tannin and spicy flavors

95
Q

Describe Pinot Meunier

A

A genetic mutation of Pinot Noir. This is a Redskin grape that is most commonly used as a blending great in the production of sparkling white lines in Champaign

96
Q

What is a Pinotage

A

Developed for the South African wine industry is a genetic cross between Pinot Noir and cinsault. It produces lighter bodied red wines that are often earthy and smoking

97
Q

Describe Prosecco

A

A white grape varietal grown and Vento region of northeastern Italy produces fruity Crisp sparkling wines of the same name

98
Q

Describe Roussanne

A

A white grape varietal that often shows flavors of Pete and other stone fruit it is often blended with Marsanne and is usually found in the Rhone valley of France

99
Q

What is the most widely Grown grape in Italy

A

Sangiovese, The most important region is Tuscany where it is responsible for producing the Chianti. and Chianti Classico. Wine is made from Sangiovese are more acid and less tannic. On its own it will produce a light to medium bodied wine that emphasizes red fruit flavors, Clay and wet earth.

100
Q

Describe a Tempranillo

A

The wine is often reminiscent of cherries, leather and earth with intent structure long live that has a natural affinity for oak aged

101
Q

What is Xinomavro?

A

One of the top red wines from Greece. Reduces Lightbody high acid red wine reminisce red fruit

102
Q

Where will you most likely find in Viognier?

A

The Rhone Valley of France. It is capable of producing nobody powerful high alcohol white wine it is extremely aromatic variety when fully ripe and demonstrating peach apricot and honeysuckle aromas

103
Q

Describe a traditional California Zinfendel

A

A dry, high alcohol red wine with strong blackberry, pepper and jam flavors. Commonly age and American oak giving at flavors of dill and coconut. Not Tannic or a structured other heavy red wines.

104
Q

What is the only international variety of originated outside of France

A

Riesling

105
Q 
What is the international white grape varieties that has the heaviest body and the lowest acidity?
A.  Riesling 
B.  Sauvignon Blanc
C.  Pinot Grigio
D.  Chardonnay
A

D. Chardonnay

106
Q

The word Gris or Grigio both mean grey?

A

True

107
Q

We international red grape varietal has the lowest amount of Tannins, Thinnest skin, and highest acidity is?
A. Pinot Noir
B. Syrah
C. Cabernet Sauvignon

A

A. Pinot Noir

108
Q

Describe a Sauvignon Blanc

A

Grapefruit, grassy, herbal, and hints of cat urine

109
Q

Describe a Pinot Grigio

A

Green apple, citrus, and mineral

110
Q

Describe a Chardonnay

A

Pear, pineapple, battery, Oaky, and spicy

111
Q

Describe a Pinot Noir

A

Cherries, cranberries, earth, spice and barnyard

112
Q

Describe a Syrah

A

BlackBerry, meaty, smoky, and black pepper

113
Q

Describe a Merlot

A

Blueberry, cherry, chocolate, spice and vanilla

114
Q

Describe a Cabernet Sauvignon

A

Blackcurran, mint, Bellpepper and wet dog

Basic Wine Knowledge (33 decks)

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