Grape Varieties Flashcards
Pinot Noir Characteristics
Thin skin
High acidity
Low-medium tannin
Flavours of red fruit
Pinot Noir Climate
Cool and moderate
Pinot Noir Region
Burgundy - Côte d’Or
Where Pinot Noir Grows Globally
USA - coastal Oregon and California
Chile
South Africa
Australia
New Zealand
How Pinot Noir is made
Crushing
Fermentation
Draining
Pressing
Aging
What Pinot Noir is aged in
Stainless steel
Concrete
Zinfandel/Primitivo Characteristics
Ripens unevenly
High sugar levels
Medium-high acidity
Medium-high tannin
Zinfandel/Primitivo Climate
Warm
Where Zinfandel/Primitivo grow globally
USA - California
Italy - Puglia
Reisling Characteristics
High acidity
Aromatic
Susceptible to botrytis/noble rot
Fruit varies according to ripeness
Reisling Climate
Cool
Moderate
Reisling Ripeness in order from just ripe to extra ripe
Green apple or pear
Flowers/herbs
Stone fruit
Tropical fruit
Regions in France and Germany where Riesling is grown
Mosel
Rheingau
Pfalz
Alsace
Regions in Australia where Riesling is grown
South Australia -Clare and Eden Valleys
Characteristics of Chenin Blanc
Versatile - grows in a range of climates
High acidity
Susceptible to botrytis/noble rot
Characteristics of Chenin Blanc
Versatile - grows in a range of climates
High acidity
Susceptible to botrytis/noble rot
Chenin Blanc Climate
Cool
Moderate
Warm
Where is Chenin Blanc grown globally
France- Loire Valley (Vouvray)
South Africa - Western Cape
Characteristics of Semillon
Medium to high acidity
Susceptible to botrytis/noble rot
Semillon Climate
Moderate
Warm
Where is Semillon grown globally
France - Bordeaux (Sauternes)
Australia - Hunter and Barossa Valleys
Where is Semillon grown globally
France - Bordeaux (Sauternes)
Australia - Hunter and Barossa Valleys
Furmint Characteristics
High Acidity
Mostly grown in Tokaj, Hungary
Susceptible to botrytis/noble rot
Furmint Climate
Moderate
Characteristics of Chardonnay
Versatile - grown in a range of climates
Medium to high acidity
Chardonnay Climate
Cool
Moderate
Warm
Winemaking options when crafting Chardonnay
Sugar or acidity adjustments
Malolactic conversion
Lees contact
Oak
Where Chardonnay is grown in France
Chablis and Burgundy (Pouilly-Fuse)
Characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc
High acidity
Aromatic
Herbaceous
Fruity (green, citrus, stone fruit, tropical)
Sauvignon Blanc Climate
Cool
Moderate
What is Sauvignon Blanc often blended with
Semillon
Where is Sauvignon Blanc grown
France - Bordeaux, Loire Valley
Also:
Oregon/California (Sonoma, Napa Valley, Santa Barbara)
Chile
South Africa
Australia
New Zealand
Where is Sauvignon Blanc grown
France - Bordeaux, Loire Valley
Also:
Oregon/California (Sonoma, Napa Valley, Santa Barbara)
Chile
South Africa
Australia
New Zealand
Characteristics of Pinot Gris and Pinot Grigio
Medium to high acidity
Where is Pinot Grigio grown and what are its characteristics
Italy
Dry
Medium-high acidity
Light bodied
Simple
Where is Pinot Gris grown and what are its characteristics
Alsace
Dry, off-dry or medium
Medium acidity
Full bodied
Complex
Characteristics of Gewurztraminer
Low to medium acidity
Aromatic
Floral - rose
Stone fruit - peach, apricot
Tropical fruit - lychee
Climate of Gewurztraminer and region
Cool
Moderate
Alsace
Characteristics of Viognier
Low to medium acidity
High alcohol
Aromatic variety
Floral blossoms, stone fruit (peach, apricot)
Viognier Climate and region
Moderate
Northern Rhone - Condrieu
Characteristics of Albarino
High acidity
Citrus and stone fruit
Albarino climate and region
Moderate
Spain and Portugal
Characteristics of Merlot
Medium acidity
Medium tannin
Fruit varies according to ripeness
Merlot Climate
Moderate
Warm
Characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon
Thick skin
High acidity
High tannin
Black fruit
Herbaceous
Cabernet Sauvignon Climate
Moderate
Warm
Where in France are Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon grown
Bordeaux
Cabernet on the left bank
Merlot on the right bank
Where are Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon grown globally
California - Sonoma and Napa Valley
Chile
South Africa
Australia
New Zealand
Characteristics of Syrah/Shiraz
Thick skin
Medium to high tannin
Medium to high acidity
Black fruit
Spice
Where in France is Syrah grown
Northern Rhone
Where in Australia is Shiraz grown
South Australia - Barossa Valley
Victoria and NSW - sparkling Shiraz
Characteristics of Gamay
High acidity
Low to medium tannin
Red fruit
Gamay climate
Moderate
Where in France is Gamay grown?
Beaujoulais
Grenache/Garnacha Characteristics
Thin skin
Low to medium tannin
Low acidity
High sugar
Red fruit and spice
Grenache/Garnacha Climate
Warm
Where in France is Grenache grown
Southern Rhone
Where is Garnacha grown
Spain and Portugal
Characteristics of Tempranillo
Medium acidity
Medium tannin
Red and black fruit
Tempranillo climate
Moderate
Warm
Where is Tempranillo grown
Spain and Portugal
What does Tempranillo mean
The grape of Spain
Characteristics of Carmenere
Medium to high acidity
High tannin
Herbaceous
Black fruit
Climate of Carmanere
Warm
Characteristics of Malbec
High tannin
Black fruits
Climate of Malbec
Warm
Where are Carmenere and Malbec grown
Chile and Argentina
Characteristics of Pinotage
High acidity
Medium tannin
Red and black fruit
Climate of Pinotage
Warm
Where is the only place pinotage is grown
South Africa
Characteristics of Barbera
High acidity
Low to medium tannin
Red fruit and spice
Where is Barbera grown
Northern Italy
Characteristics of Sangiovese
High acidity
High tannin
Red fruit
Herb
Where is Sangiovese grown
Tuscany
What are the four components of sparkling wine
Sugar in grapes
Yeast
Alcohol
Carbon Dioxide
Where is Chardonnay grown globally
France - Chablis and Burgundy (Pouilly-Fuse)
Also:
Oregon/California (Sonoma, Napa Valley, Santa Barbara)
Chile
South Africa
Australia
New Zealand