Granulomatous disease

Question 1

What type of inflammation is a granuloma

Answer 1

chronic

Question 2

possible causes of granulomatous disease

Answer 2

Microbial agents
Autoimmune disease
Foreign bodies
Other idiopathic conditions

Question 3

What is Rhodococcus equi

Answer 3

Intracellular, gram-positive bacterium
Proliferates in macrophages - vapA gene
Inhibition phagosome-lysosome fusion

Foals 1-6 months old:
Pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia
Ulcerative enterocolitis

Question 4

What bacterium causes johnes disease

Answer 4

Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP)

Question 5

What is Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP)

Answer 5

Acid-fast, weakly gram-positive, non-motile, intracellular bacillus
Iron is required for them to grow
Cause chronic enteritis in cattle (ileum)

Question 6

What bacteria causes bovine tuberculosis and properties of it

Answer 6

Mycobacterium bovis
Intraceelular, aerobic, gram positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming coccobacilli
Acid fast bacteria

Question 7

Virulence factor of mycobacterium bovis

Answer 7

Cord factor, Lipoarabinomannan (LAM), ESAT-6

Question 8

What bacteria causes wooden tongue and properties of it

Answer 8

Actinobacillus lignieresli
aerobic, non-motile, non-spore forming, gram-negative coccobacilli
Oral cavity (commensal) > Mucosal trauma > invasion > local infection > spread via lymphatics > pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis

Question 9

What bacteria causes glanders and properties of it

Answer 9

Burkholderia mallei
Non-motile, non-spore forming, weakly gram-negative bacillus
Zoonotic disease(horses, donkeys, and mules) - cutaneous, nasal, and pulmonary lesions
UK notifiable disease
Virulence factors:
Glycocalyx biofilm
Adhesins
BpaB protein
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Question 10

Types of brucella species and diseases caused by them

Answer 10

Brucella suis, B. canis, B. ovis, B. melitensis

Transmission by contact with infected tissues, secretions, or excretions (milk, urine, fetal tissues, placenta, etc.)
Penetration of mucosa > regional lymph node (lymphadenitis) >, replication within mononuclear phagocytic cells (macrophages)
Smooth (more pathogenetic) VS Rough strains
Bacteraemia

Question 11

bacillus

Answer 11

any of a genus of rod-shaped, gram-positive, aerobic or (under some conditions) anaerobic bacteria widely found in soil and water