Grand tour of the alimentary canal Flashcards
What are the functions of the digestive system
Digestion funnily enough
Secretion
Absorption
Motility
How many sets of salivary glands are there and what are they?
3
Sublingual
Submandibular
Parotid (kinda behind your nasal cavity)
Whats the overall purpose of the stomach?
Digestion of proteins
Liquify solid shit
Storage
Sterilisation (immunity sorta thing)
What does the pancreas do simply?
Releases digestive enzymes for fat, carbs, protein
What does the liver do?
Makes bile salts which are needed for effective absorption of fat in the small intestine
What does the gallbladder do?
Stores and concentrates bile from the liver
What does the large intestine do?
Water absorption
Bacterial fermentation
Formation of faeces
What are the main sections of the large intestine
Cecum
Colon
Rectum
What are the layers of the alimentary canal?
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa / Adventitia
What are the sections of the mucosa?
Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosae
How does the mucosal epithelium differ throughout the canal?
In the mouth, oesophagus and anal canal - epithelium is stratified squamous
In the stomach etc - epithelium is simple columnar
Aside from its role in absorption of digested stuff, what does the epithelium do?
Synthesises and secretes digestive enzymes, hormones and mucus
What is the Lamina propria?
One of the layers of the Mucosa
Made up of loose connective tissue mainly, but also contains glands and blood + lymph vessels
Also has ducts going through it from submucosal glands to allow secretion into the lumen
What is the muscularis mucosae?
Thin layer of smooth muscle that is the outermost layer of the mucosa
Does just about fuck all
