Grand Tour

Question 1

Where are bile salts produced?

Answer 1

Liver

Question 2

What is the function of the gallbladder?

Answer 2

To store and concentrate bile

Question 3

Where are faeces formed?

Answer 3

Large intestine

Question 4

How many salivary glands are there?

Answer 4

6 - 2 of each sublingual, submandibular and parotid

Question 5

What is dumping syndrome?

Answer 5

Distension of gut tube due to influx of water caused by hyperosmolarity/hypertonicity

Question 6

What percentage of nutrients are absorbed in the first half of the small intestine?

Answer 6

~95%

Question 7

What are the four functions of the digestive system?

Answer 7

digestion, secretion, absorption, motility

Question 8

Which body cavity is serosa found in?

Answer 8

Peritoneal cavity

Question 9

On which organs would you find glands in the mucosa?

Answer 9

Oesophagus and duodenum

Question 10

What are the three layers of the mucosa called?

Answer 10

epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae

Question 11

Where would you find stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 11

mouth, oesophagus and anal canal

Question 12

Where would you find simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 12

stomach, small and large intestine

Question 13

What is another name for Meissner’s plexus?

Answer 13

submucosal plexus

Question 14

Which nerves lie between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers?

Answer 14

Myenteric (Auerbach’s) plexus

Question 15

Which nerve stimulates secretion in the stomach?

Answer 15

Parasympathetic - Vagus (X)

Question 16

Which nerve inhibits motility in the small intestine?

Answer 16

Splanchnic nerve

Question 17

Which nerves stimulate salivation?

Answer 17

facial (VII) and glossopharyngeal (IX)

Question 18

Which organs are supplied by the celiac trunk?

Answer 18

stomach, small intestine, pancreas, liver

Question 19

Which organs are supplied by the superior mesenteric artery?

Answer 19

small intestine, caecum, ascending colon, transverse colon

Question 20

Which organs are supplied by the inferior mesenteric artery?

Answer 20

descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

Question 21

Where do the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery and inferior mesenteric artery originate from?

Answer 21

descending (abdominal) aorta

Question 22

What is the stomach’s arterial supply?

Answer 22

celiac trunk

Question 23

What is the small intestine’s arterial supply?

Answer 23

celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery

Question 24

What is the pancreas’s arterial supply?

Answer 24

celiac trunk

Question 25

What is the caecum’s arterial supply?

Answer 25

superior mesenteric artery

Question 26

what is the liver’s arterial supply?

Answer 26

celiac trunk - hepatic artery

Question 27

what is the transverse colon’s arterial supply?

Answer 27

superior mesenteric artery

Question 28

what is the venous drainage of the stomach?

Answer 28

gastric veins

Question 29

what is the venous drainage of the pancreas?

Answer 29

splenic vein

Question 30

where does the splenic vein drain to?

Answer 30

hepatic portal vein

Question 31

where does the hepatic portal vein lead to?

Answer 31

liver

Question 32

what is the venous drainage of the liver?

Answer 32

hepatic vein

Question 33

What are the four tunics of the alimentary canal?

Answer 33

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa/adventitia

Question 34

What are the three main divisions of the celiac trunk?

Answer 34

the left gastric artery, the common hepatic artery and the splenic artery