Grammer

Question 1

NG

Answer 1

Links a noun with a noun

++simular to of
EX- Nagluto ng adobo si Lola.
(Grandma cooked adobo)

Question 2

NA

Answer 2

Now/already (Links a noun to a adjective)

++also used as a prefix to indicate that an action is unintentional.

EX- Pagod na ako
(I’m tired now)

Question 3

SA

Answer 3

at/to/in/on (used for location, time, direction)

Ex- Bumili siya ng prutas sa palengke.
(He/she bought fruits at the market)

Question 4

MGA

Answer 4

Makes a noun plural

Ex- Ang mga bata ay naglalaro sa labas.
(The children are playing outside.)

Question 5

PA-

Answer 5

Still/yet (continuation of an action that already started or haven’t started yet)

used to ask a favor without being in the form of a question

Ex- Kumain ka na ba? Hindi pa
(Have you eaten? Not yet)

Question 6

MAG-

Answer 6

to do… (indicate an action or verb)

used with some Tagalog verbs to form the infinitive, its future tense, and the imperative (giving an order)

Ex- 1. Magluto (to cook)
2. Magsulat (to write)
3. Maglaro (to play)
4. Maglakad (to walk)

Question 7

NAG-

Answer 7

(Person subject) like adding -ed to a word (indicates an action already happened)

used in forming the present tense

Ex- 1. Nagluto (cooked)
2. Nagsulat (wrote)
3. Naglaro (played)
4. Naglakad (walked)

Question 8

NGA

Answer 8

indeed/really/go ahead (adds emphasis or conformation)

++also used to add politeness/ friendliness or soften a command

Ex- 1. Pakisabi nga sa kanya. (Please tell him/her.)
2. Pakiabot nga ng asin. (Please pass the salt.)
3. Oo nga. (That’s right.)
4. Tama nga. (That’s correct.)
5. Bilisan mo nga! (Hurry up!)
6. Pakiusap nga, tumahimik ka. (Please, be quiet.)

Question 9

MA-

Answer 9

turns a noun into an adjective

used in some verbs to create the infinitive and future tense forms

EX: 1. Maganda - beautiful
2. Malinis - clean
3. Mabait - kind
4. Malakas - strong
5. Mahaba - long
6. Mabilis - fast
7. Malamig - cold
8. Masarap - delicious
9. Mahirap - difficult

Question 10

PANG-

Answer 10

prefix used with items

indicates that the use/ purpose of a specific item is specifically for the noun pang- is attached to

Ex- 1. Pangluto - for cooking
2. Panglinis - for cleaning
3. Pang-alis - for removing
4. Pangbasa - for reading
5. Pang-akit - for attracting

Question 11

MALA-

Answer 11

used with nouns to make a description

Whatever is being described has the characteristic, likeness, or resemblance of the noun that the prefix is attached to

Ex- 1. Mala-prinsesa - like a princess
2. Mala-bituin - star-like or like a star
3. Mala-bangis - fierce-like or fierce-looking

Question 12

PALA-

Answer 12

when attached to a noun, implies that the word it is attached to is frequently done or habitual, also creating an adjective

++Pala is also used to express being surprised by information different from what the speaker is expecting

++Used by itself means shovel

Question 13

-UM-

Answer 13

used in forming the present and past tenses of Tagalog verbs

1. Kumain (to eat)
   
   • “Kumakain ako ng almusal.” (I am eating breakfast.)
2. Uminom (to drink)
   
   • “Umiinom siya ng tubig.” (He/She is drinking water.)
3. Sumulat (to write)
   
   • “Sumusulat ako ng liham.” (I am writing a letter.)
4. Tumakbo (to run)
   
   • “Tumakbo siya papunta sa park.” (He/She ran to the park.)
5. Lumangoy (to swim)
   
   • “Lumalangoy kami sa dagat.” (We are swimming in the sea.)
6. Pumasok (to enter/go to work/school)
   
   • “Pumasok na siya sa opisina.” (He/She has entered the office.)
7. Sumayaw (to dance)
   
   • “Sumasayaw sila sa party.” (They are dancing at the party.)
8. Umiyak (to cry)
   
   • “Umiyak ang bata.” (The child cried.)

Question 14

-AN

Answer 14

it creates a word with a new meaning—it often denotes an area or place that specifically relates to the noun it is attached to

EX:
palay (rice) + -an = palayan(rice field)

Question 15

-IN-

Answer 15

(Object subject)when attached to root verbs, forms the imperative form or command pertaining to the verb it was attached to. ++But not always
* past tense

++if a root verb OR noun ends in the letter o, the o needs to be changed to the letter u before attaching the suffix

EX: 1. Sulat (write) -> Sinulat (wrote)
- Sinulat ko ang liham. (I wrote the letter.)
2. Kain (eat) -> kainin(ate)
-Kainin niya ang mansanas. (He/She ate the apple.)
3. Bili (buy) -> Binili (bought)
- Binili ko ang sapatos. (I bought the shoes.)
4. Luto (cook) -> Niluto (cooked)
- Niluto ko ang adobo. (I cooked adobo.)
5. Basa (read) -> Binasa (read)
- Binasa niya ang libro. (He/She read the book.)

Question 16

I-

Answer 16

Turns a word into a verb that means to perform the action

EX: bigay(give) + I- = ibigay(to give)