Grammer Flashcards
Possessive pronouns
Mi - my
Tu - your
Su - your
Nuestro/a - ours
Su - their
Where something is: Estar + en
Denver is in Colorado
Ciudad de Denver está en Colorado
To describe the distance between two places: estar + cerca de (close to) or lejos de (far from)
Seattle is far from Denver
La ciudad de Seattle está lejos de la ciudad de Denver
To discribe a place in more detail: hay (there is/are)
In Colorado there are many mountains
En Colorado hay muchas montañas
Ask where something is: ¿dónde está + noun?
Where is the book?
¿Dónde está el libro?
De + el
De + la
Del
De la
Noun + que está + proximity
The book that is there
El libro que está ahí (allí/allá)
Que está = that is
This. These
That. Those
That over there. Those over there
Este/a Estos/as
Ese/a Esos/as
Aquel/a Aquellos/as
Por vs para
Por - by, for, per
Para - for, to, of
Reflexive pronouns
Myself Ourselves
Yourself
Himself/herself/themself/itself
Themselves/yourselves
Me. Nos
Te
Se. Se
Reflexive pronouns
we use reflexive pronouns and verbs when referring to actions that we perform on ourselves. Likewise, the same rule can be applied to actions that other people perform on themselves. Another reason to quickly master reflexive pronouns and verbs is to help make your conversation sound more fluent by enabling shorter sentences.
Example:
Yo compré una camisa para mí. – I bought a shirt for me.
Yo me compré una camisa. – I bought myself a shirt.
Presente continuo
Conjugated estar + verb
Ar - ando
Er/ir - iendo
Está nevando - it’s snowing
Está lloviendo - it’s raining
how Can You shorten Direct objects?
Lo, la, los, las
goes before the verb
Yo la quiero - I want it
**when infinite present can be before or attached infinitive*
Quiero comprarlo - I want to buy it
Quiero vs Quisiera
Quiero - I want
Quisiera - I’d like; more polite to order food
Reflexive verb pronouns
Another verb + Reflexive verb
Me - myself
Te - yourself
Se - yourself
Nos - ourselves
Se - themselves
*All constructions can be …
Verb + reflexive verb(pronoun)
Prefiero acostarme temprano - I prefer to go to bed early
**Only a few combinations can be…
Pronoun + verb + reflexive verb
Common verbs - querer, poder
No me puedo acostar tarde - I can’t go to bed late
Frequency grammar
Every + period
Todas/todos + plural period of time
Todos los meses - every month
*day of the week doesn’t need todos/as
*los domingos
**todo/a + period of time = something done through they entire period
**toda la semana - all week long
