Grammatik

Question 0

What case does es gibt take?

Answer 0

Der Akkusativ

Question 1

What case does the preposition ab take.

Answer 1

Der Dativ

Question 2

What ending is used for nouns in the dative plural?

Answer 2

-n

Question 3

What are the two types of conjunctions?

Answer 3

coordinating, such as oder (or)

subordinating, such as weil (because)

Question 4

What ending is added to nouns to create adverbs that reference recurring, habitual points in time?

Answer 4

-s (e.g., sonntags, montags, nachmittags)

Question 5

What are the different types of adverbs?

Answer 5

1) describing time - express when and event or action takes place
2) to indicate place - answer questions like wo, wohin and woher
3) manner and degree - answer questions as wie or warum
4) describe cause - indicate purpose, reason or consequence

Question 6

What is the word order for adverbial expressions?

Answer 6

1. Time: Answer the question wann
2. Cause: Answer the question warum
3. Manner: Answer the question wie
4. Place: Answer the question wo

Question 7

Where is the adverb placed when modifying an adjective?

Answer 7

The adverb precedes the adjective and generally follows the conjugated verb.

Es ist fast dunkel.

Question 8

How do you form the comparative of adjectives and adverbs?

Answer 8

Take the base form and add -er.

witzig-witziger (witty-wittier)

Question 9

What word is used to express than in a comparison?

Answer 9

als

Question 10

How is the comparative formed for adjectives ending in -el or -er?

Answer 10

Leave the last -e off the base form and then add -er.

dunkel-dunkler
teuer-teurer

Question 11

How do you form the comparative for adjectives that precede the noun?

Answer 11

Add -er to the base form then follow guidelines for normal adjectives.

Du hast ein neueres Auto als ich. (neu + er + es)
You have a newer car than I do.

Question 12

What is a preposition?

Answer 12

A small word that shows the relationship between its object (a noun) and another word or words in a sentence.

Question 13

What are the four groups of prepositions?

Answer 13

accusative
dative
genitive
accusative/dative

Question 14

What is the difference between aber and sondern?

Answer 14

Sondern is preceded by a negative sentence.
Das Haus ist nicht warm, sondern es ist kalt.
The house is not warm but rather it is cold.

Question 15

What preposition is used as common alternative to genitive case?

Answer 15

von

Question 16

What are the der-words?

Answer 16

der, die, das
welcher, welche, welches (what, which)
dieser, diese, dieses (this)
jener, jene, jenes (that)
jeder, jede, jedes (each, every)

Question 17

What is the purpose of the present perfect tense?

Answer 17

Used to talk about the past, especially about a single, rather than a repeated action.

Question 18

What are the parts of the present perfect tense?

Answer 18

1) The present tense of haben or sein.

2) A part of the main verb called the past participle, like given, finished and done in English.

Question 19

How do you form the past participle of weak verbs in the present perfect tense?

Answer 19

Add ge- to the beginning of the verb stem and -t to the end.
Weak verbs ending in -ieren omit the ge.

holen hol- geholt
machen mach- gemacht
studieren studier- studiert