Grammatical Points Flashcards
Whenever a root appears to begin with two identical letters, due to the use of a dagesh forte, the first root letter is actually a ___ which has been ___________________.
נ; assimilated to the second root letter
A dagesh never ___________; it never stands for ___________ at a time.
…does double duty; more than one consonant at a time.
plural verb; verb
An initial __ used with an affix form verb forms a construction often best rendered by the English _________. For convenient reference we will call this construction the _____.
ו; future tense; vav reversive
first person singular
A suffix attached to a noun is a _______.
Possessive pronoun
הֵם is the __________.
3 m. pl. independent subject pronoun
In the Qal stem, holem (וֹ) or (ֹ __) after the first root letter indicates the______.
participle form
The participle never stands for the ______ in the abstract.
action of the verb
An extra, unaccented final ה ָ on a noun can be added to denote motion toward a place and is called a ______. It is usually translated _____ or _______.
ה directive, to, toward
When any vowel other than ֵtsere or qamats appears under the prefix pronoun, the missing letter is at the ________ and is always _____.
end of the root; ה
הֶם___ is the ___ or ___ suffix. But if the word ends in a consonant, the suffix may be spelled ם__.
3 m. pl. possessive; objective
תָ___ is the _______ in the affix form.
2 m. sg. pronoun
The regular vowel of the Qal affix is ____ under the ______.
ָ (qamats); under the first root letter
תּ is the prefix pronoun for the ________.
2 m. sg.
ה ָ֫ is the regular _______ absolute noun endiNG.
feminine singular
An _______ adjective modifies a noun directly; it follows the noun and agrees with it in _____, _______, and __________.
attributive; gender, number, definiteness
infinitive construct
A _______ adjective usually precedes the noun. It must agree with its noun in _____ and ______ but not necessarily in ________.
predicate; gender; number; definiteness
The form indicator for the Pi’el prefix is ____ under the ______.
shewa; prefix pronoun
No letter of the _____, _____, or ______ will ever assimilate.
affix pronoun, prefix pronoun; prefix complement
Roots that begin with the guttural ה, ח, ע have the vowel ______ under the prefix pronoun in the Qal prefix except for the ______, whose prefix pronoun is also a guttural letter. In that case, the vowel is usually a ______.
patah, 1 sg., segol
The Qal imperative is formed by removing the _______ from a ________. Thus, a shewa under the ________ can indicate a Qal imperative form.
prefix pronoun; second person prefix form; first root letter
first person plural
The Pi’el imperative is formed by removing the ______ from a _______. Thus, patah under the ________ can indicate a Pi’el imperative form.
prefix pronoun; second person prefix form; first root letter
second person masculine singular possessive suffix
second person masculine plural imperative ending
feminine plural noun; construct; absolute plural
Qal infinitive; ת
affix; ה
A vav conversive indicates:
- The word is a verb
- The subject of the verb, a pronoun, is indicated by the consonant following the vav, which here is yod. When such a subject pronoun precedes the root, this pronoun is called a prefix, and we say that the verb has prefix form.
- The verb should be translated in the past tense.
The doubling of the middle letter of a root by a dagest forte indicates a change or augment to the root and thus a change in stem. We call this stem the ________.
Pi’el
Name the seven verb stems.
Qal
Pi’el
Hiphil
Hitpael
Niphal
Pual
Hophal
A vav or holem vav at the end of a word is the ___ _____ _______ _______ pronoun suffix, ____, _____, ___, or ____.
third person singular; him or his; it or its
In Hebrew two nouns (or a noun and a pronoun or predicate adjective) can be linked by writing them together. In English we usually link nouns by writing some form of the verb to be between them. Such a Hebrew construction (in which to be is understood) is called a __________.
noun sentence
What is the missing root letter in a prefix form verb if the vowel under the prefix consonant is tsere? From where is the root letter missing?
yod; beginning of the root
The form of the verb with teh subject pronoun indicated at the end is called ________.
affix form
A noun can be definite (specific) in several ways:
- If it has the definite article
- If it is a proper noun
- If it has a possessie pronoun
- In construct with a definite noun
The letter(s) indicating PGN that occur after the root in prefix form verbs are called the ___________.
prefix complement
When the vowel under the prefix pronoun is qamats the missing root letter will be in the _______ of the root and will be ___ or ______ or _____. This type of verb is called a _____________.
middle; shureq; holem vav; hireq yod; hollow verb
The occurrence of tsere yod at the end of a word is the sign of a ______________ that is in __________ with the noun that follows
masculine plural noun; construct relationship
הֲ at the beginning of the first word of a phrase can be the __________________.
interrogative הֲ
The Hif`il most often gives a _____ meaning to roots.
causative
In hollow verbs, the characteristic Hif`il stem vowel appears in place of the verb’s _____ root letter, and thus in the ______ of the verb.
middle; middle
A tsere under the prefix letter indicates what missing root letter?
first י root letter
When the prefix form does not have the vav conversive, in what tense it is usually translated?
present
What is the primary indicator of the Pi`el stem?
dagesh in the middle root letter
Dude, what meaning does the Hif`il stem often give to roots?
causative meaning
הֲ at the begining of teh first word of a phrase can be the what?
Interrogative ה
In hollow verbs, the characteristic Hif`il stem vowel appears in place of the verb’s ______, and thus in the _____ of the verb.
middle root letter; middle
Patah under the ה stem indicator is the sign of the _____.
Hif`il imperative
The Pi`el participle uses a _____ in _____ of the root, in which the middle letter is doubled.
מְ preformative; front
The Hif`il infinitive of a 1st yod verb looks the same as the _____ form.
3rd masculine singular affix
The infinitive usually has an attached _____.
preposition
The Hif1il prefix can be recognized by two characteristic vowels: _____ under the _____ and _____, _____, or _____ between the _____ and _____ root letters.
patah; prefix pronoun; hireq; tsere; segol; second; third
_____ after a prefix pronoun, combined with an I class (“dot”) vowel after the _____, is the sign of the Hif`il prefix in this group of 1st yod verbs.
holem-vav; middle root letter
When either בּ or כּ is used with the infinitive, it functions as a _____; thus, the best translation is usually _____ + the _____ tense of the verb (infinitive).
temporal preposition; “when”; past
כִי frequently begins clauses that describe _____.
the result of preceding actions
Independent subject pronouns are often used in Hebrew for _____, and may also be used for the subject in a _____ or _____.
emphasis; noun sentence; participial clause
