Grammar-word Classes

Question 1

What are open word classes?

Answer 1

Some word classes are open as new words can be added. Such as nouns, adverbs, verbs and adjectives.

Question 2

What are closed word classes?

Answer 2

Word classes that are made up of a finite set of words that cannot be expanded. Such as determiners, pronouns, prepositions and conjunctions

Question 3

What is FANBOYS and what does it stand for?

Answer 3

Mnemonic used to remember seven common coordinating conjunctions in English
For
And
Nor
But
Or
Yet
So

Question 4

What are subordinating conjunctions?

Answer 4

Words or phrases that connect subordinate clauses (dependent clauses) to main clauses (independent clause)

Question 5

What are conjunctions?

Answer 5

Words that connect sentences, clauses or individual words together. They act as bridges, enabling us to form longer, more descriptive sentences.

Question 6

Determiners

Answer 6

Specify a noun as known or unknown and goes before any modifiers (e.g. adjectives not other nouns)

Question 7

Give an example of determiners: ARTICLES

Answer 7

The, a, an

Question 8

Give an example of determiners: DEMONSTRATIVE

Answer 8

This, those, these, that

Question 9

Give an example of determiners: POSSESSIVE

Answer 9

My, yours, his, her, its, our, their

Question 10

Give an example of determiners: QUANTIFIERS

Answer 10

Some, every, any, few, little, more, much

Question 11

Give an example of determiners: NUMBERS

Answer 11

One, two, three, four, twenty, hundred

Question 12

Give an example of determiners: ORDINALS

Answer 12

First, second, third, last, next

Question 13

Pronouns

Answer 13

A pronoun takes the place of a noun in a sentence. Used to describe either individuals or groups of people, rather than using their names.
It, she, he, you, we, they, us, them

Question 14

Give examples of possessive pronouns

Answer 14

Mine, yours, ours, his/hers, theirs

Question 15

What are prepositions?

Answer 15

It describes locations, directions and relations of time.

A proposition is a word that is placed before a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show the link to some other word in the sentence.

Question 16

List examples of propositions

Answer 16

Under, above, in front of, behind, beside, between, outside, toward, within, underneath, past, over, since, during

Question 17

What are the closed word classes?

Answer 17

Determiners, prepositions, conjunctions, pronouns

Question 18

What are the open word classes?

Answer 18

Nouns, adverbs, verbs, adjectives

Question 19

What are nouns?

Answer 19

They are naming words because they name people, places, and ‘things’

Question 20

Examples of a common nouns

Answer 20

boy
day

Question 21

Examples of a proper nouns

Answer 21

Ivan
Wednesday

Question 22

Examples of abstract nouns

Answer 22

Wonder, hope, love, truth, greed, curiosity, peace, delight, deceit, disappointment

Question 23

Examples of common nouns (containers)

Answer 23

doorway, stage, library, museum, world, window, garden, throne, sea, land, box

Question 24

What are adjectives?

Answer 24

Adjectives are describing words because they pick out a single characteristic such as size or colour

Question 25

What is a subordinating clause?

Answer 25

Begins with a subordinating conjunction. A part of a sentence that adds additional information to the main clause

Question 26

Clause

Answer 26

Part of a sentence that has its own verb

Question 27

What is an adverbial?

Answer 27

Phrase that modifies a verb, adjective or adverb (saying how, how often, how and when something is done) ‘During the week’ ‘Right here’ ‘Surprisingly well’

Question 28

Where is the adverbial in this sentence? The bus leaves in five minutes.

Answer 28

In five minutes

Question 29

What is the adverbial in this sentence? Before the rain started, we played outside.

Answer 29

Before the rain started

Question 30

What is an adverb?

Answer 30

Tells us how, when, where, how often or how much. Tells us more about verbs (runs quickly) and modify adjectives (extremely small) of another adverb (very closely)

Question 31

Article

Answer 31

Words used before a noun or any modifier A, the, an

Question 32

Definite article

Answer 32

Used to imply a known instance ‘The book is on the table’

Question 33

Indefinite article

Answer 33

Used to imply lack of specificity ‘Bring me a book’

Question 34

Sentences

Answer 34

A sentence is made up of words put together to do a certain job

Question 35

Words

Answer 35

Smallest meaningful unit of a sentence

Question 36

A phrase

Answer 36

A phrase is a single piece of information made up of more than one word. It will not contain a subject or a verb (unlike a clause)

Question 37

A noun phrase

Answer 37

A word or a group of words that can function as the subject, the object, or the complement in a sentence

Question 38

A noun phrase may consist of more than one word. One of these words, a noun or a pronoun, is the ____

Answer 38

Headword

Question 39

Which is the headword in this sentence: The very tall girl

Answer 39

Girl

Question 40

Suffix

Answer 40

A morpheme that can be added to the end of the root word. When you add a suffix to a word you can change its meaning and make a new word

Question 41

Example of a suffix

Answer 41

Fast- fastER Hope + less= hopeless Advert+ ise= advertise

Question 42

A prefix

Answer 42

A prefix is a morpheme that can be added to the beginning word- this changes its meaning and makes a new word Dis + appear= disappear Im + possible = impossible Un + well= unwell

Question 43

Paragraph

Answer 43

A group of linked sentences that are usually about the same thing. A new paragraph starts when you are writing about a new idea, person, place or event.

Question 44

Morpheme

Answer 44

A unit of meaning that cannot be divided further. Bits that make up words Read and ING in reading Read and S in reads. A word consists of one or more morphemes. Some are words but others are not.

Question 45

Fronted adverbial

Answer 45

When an adverbial word or phrase is moved to the front of the sentence, before the verb

Question 46

What is the grammar term for this? In the morning, after she left the house, all of a sudden

Answer 46

Fronted adverbial- time

Question 47

What is the grammar term for those? Behind the flowerpots, in the distance, around the corner

Answer 47

Fronted adverbial-place

Question 48

Relative clause

Answer 48

A relative clause is a type of subordinate clause. It is connected to the main clause by a relative pronouns: That, which, who, whom or whose I enjoyed the film THAT WE SAW LAST NIGHT

Question 49

Relative pronoun

Answer 49

Relative pronoun introduce more information about the noun The bird THAT sat on the branch was eating an apple

Question 50

Auxiliary verb

Answer 50

Used together with a main verb to show the verb’s tense or to form a negative or question Example: haven’t, should have, is, does, do, be

Question 51

Modal verb

Answer 51

Type of auxiliary verb Can, could, will, would, may, might, shall, should, must, ought to.

Question 52

Modal verbs are used for expressing possibility, ability or likelihood. Give an example

Answer 52

Can, could, may, might, should

Question 53

Modal verbs are used for expressing necessity. Give examples

Answer 53

Must, ought to, should

Question 54

Modal verbs are used for expressing the future. Give an example

Answer 54

Shall, will, would

Question 55

What is the difference between coordinating and subordinating conjunctions?

Answer 55

The type of sentence they create and the relationship between the joined elements. COR Join two parts of a sentence that are of equal importance, creating a compound sentence (FANBOYS) ‘The table was nice but it was wet’ SUB Join a dependent clause to an independent clause, creating a complex sentence. They are placed at the beginning of the dependent clause and clarify information about the sentence, such as time, condition, or cause ‘The table was wet because it was raining’