Grammar - Unit 8 Flashcards
verb tenses
present simple
“I haven’t got time to finish the report now”, said Jack
past simple
Jack said he didn’t have time to finish the report immediately
verb tenses
present continuous
“I’ve decided to apply for a new job”, Helen told me
past continuous
Helen told me (that) she had decided to apply for a new job
verb tenses
present perfect
“I’ve hurt my leg”, she said
past perfect
She said (that) she had hurt her leg
verb tenses
present perfect continuous
“I’ve been waiting for you, Mr Bond” Blofeld told to Mr. Bond
past perfect continuous
Blofeld told Mr Bond that he had been waiting for him.
verb tenses
past simple
“I worked there for ten years”, said Kate
past perfect simple
Kate said (that) she had worked there for ten years
verb tenses
past continuous
“The witch was watching the mirror”, said Ariel
past perfect continuous
Ariel said that the witch had been watching the mirror
verb tenses
past perfect/past perfect continuous
no change
modals verbs
will
“I’ll show you where the manager’s office is”, she said
would
she said (that) she would show me where the manager’s office was
modals verbs
must (obligation)
“you must have a permit”, he said
had to
he said (that) we had to have a permit
modals verbs
can
“I can play the violin quite well”, said Ian
could
Ian said (that) he could play the violin quite well
modals verbs
shall
“shall I pick you up?”, he said
should
He asked if he should pick me up
modals verbs
may
“I may go to London”, he said
might
he said that he might go to London
time expressions
today
that day
time expressions
tonight
that night
time expressions
now
then / at that time, moment
time expressions
yesterday
the day before / the previous day
time expressions
days ago
days before
time expressions
last week
the week before / the previous week
time expressions
next year
the following year
time expressions
tomorrow
the next day / the following day
time expressions
(two hours) ago
(two hours) before / earlier
place
here
there
demonstratives
this
that
demonstratives
these
those
commands
“Open the door!”
to-infinitive and not to-infinitive
He ordered me to open the door
“Don’t answer the phone.”
She told me not to answer the phone.
Reported questions
reported yes/no questions
- when there is no question word in the direct speech question, we use if/whether
- the word order is the same as in the statement
- the verb tenses and other changes are the same as for other types of reported speech
“Could I borrow your notes?”, she asked
she asked if/whether she could borrow my notes
Reported questions
reported wh- questions
- the wh-word is followed by statement word order (subject+verb)
- the verb tenses and other changes are the same as for other types of reported speech
“why did you leave that job?” she asked him
she asked him why he had left that job
